Occurrence of Meloidogyne
 spp. in Cerrado Vegetations and Reaction of Native Plants to Meloidogyne javanica

A total of 461 indigenous Streptomycetes strains recovered from various Greek rhizosphere habitats were tested for their bioactivity. All isolates were examined for their ability to suppress the growth of 12 specific target microorganisms. Twenty-six were found to exert antimicrobial activity and were screened for potential nematicidal action. S. monomycini ATHUBA 220, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438, S. colombiensis ATHUBA 431, and S. youssoufensis ATHUBA 546 were proved to have a nematicidal effect and thus were further sequenced. Batch culture supernatants and solvent extracts were assessed for paralysis on Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2). The solvent extracts of S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 had the highest paralysis rates, so these Streptomycetes strains were further on tested for nematodes’ biological cycle arrest on two Arabidopsis thaliana plants; the wild type (Col-0) and the katanin mutant fra2, which is susceptible to M. incognita. Interestingly, S. monomycini ATHUBA 220 and S. colombiensis ATHUBA 438 were able to negatively affect the M. incognita biological cycle in Col-0 and fra2 respectively, and increased growth in Col-0 upon M. incognita infection. However, they were ineffective against M. javanica. Fra2 plants were also proved susceptible to M. javanica infestation, with a reduced growth upon treatments with the Streptomyces strains. The nematicidal action and the plant-growth modulating abilities of the selected Streptomycetes strains are discussed.

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Heterologous Expression of the Mi-1.2 Gene from Tomato Confers Resistance Against Nematodes but Not Aphids in Eggplant

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-19-0383 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 383-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Fiona L. Goggin ◽

Lingling Jia ◽

Gowri Shah ◽

Stephanie Hebert ◽

Valerie M. Williamson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Background ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Nematode Resistance ◽

Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽

Leucine Rich Repeat ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Potato Aphid ◽

Tomato Line ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Susceptible Tomato

The Mi-1.2 gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a member of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) class of plant resistance genes, and confers resistance against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), the potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). Mi-1.2 mediates a rapid local defensive response at the site of infection, although the signaling and defensive pathways required for resistance are largely unknown. In this study, eggplant (S. melongena) was transformed with Mi-1.2 to determine whether this gene can function in a genetic background other than tomato. Eggplants that carried Mi-1.2 displayed resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica but were fully susceptible to the potato aphid, whereas a susceptible tomato line transformed with the same transgene was resistant to nematodes and aphids. This study shows that Mi-1.2 can confer nematode resistance in another Solanaceous species. It also indicates that the requirements for Mi-mediated aphid and nematode resistance differ. Potentially, aphid resistance requires additional genes that are not conserved between tomato and eggplant.

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Resistência de porta-enxertos para pessegueiro e ameixeira aos nematóides causadores de galhas (Meloidogyne spp.)

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782000000100011 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 69-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

José Carlos Fachinello ◽

Carlos Augusto Posser Silva ◽

Cesar Sperandio ◽

Alexandre Couto Rodrigues ◽

Eder Zarnott Strelow

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

O trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de comparar o comportamento de cinco diferentes porta-enxertos para frutas de caroço em frente a duas espécies de nematóides do gênero Meloidogyne (Meloidogyne javanica e Meloidogyne incognita). O cultivar GF 677 foi obtido a partir do cultivo in vitro e os demais porta-enxertos a partir de sementes. Aos dois meses, as plântulas foram repicadas e inoculadas com uma mistura de Meloidogyne javanica e M. incognita aos 30, 60 e 70 dias após o plantio em canteiros incorporando-se 0,2kg de solo altamente infestado com os nematóides ao redor de cada planta. Ao final do experimento, avaliaram-se o desenvolvimento das plantas e o grau de infecção de cada cultivar. O grau de resistência dos cultivares foi estimado a partir do índice de galhas, obtido através de uma escala de grau ou nota, a qual varia de 0 a 5, em função do número de galhas ou ootecas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o cultivar Okinawa não apresentou galhas no sistema radicular e na análise de crescimento foi superior aos demais cultivares. Os cultivares R-15-2 e Aldrighi foram considerados resistentes aos fitonematóides por apresentarem pequeno número de galhas no sistema radicular. Já o cultivar GF 677 apresentou maior número de galhas no sistema radicular, chegando a 126 galhas/g de raiz.

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Heritability of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Resistance in Sweetpotatoes

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.622a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 622a-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W. R. Maluf ◽

S. M. Azevedo ◽

V.P. Campos

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Broad Sense Heritability ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Egg Masses ◽

Substrate Removal ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Diverse Origin ◽

Race 2 ◽

Resistant Genotypes

Heritabilities for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita races 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied in a population of 226 sweetpotato clones of diverse origin. For each nematode isolate tested, 128-cell speedling trays were filled with previously inoculated substrate (30000 eggs/1000 mL substrate). Sweetpotato clones suitably tagged and identified were randomly planted in the cells (one plant/cell), with a total of four plants per clone per isolate. Ninety days after inoculation, sweetpotato plants had their roots washed for substrate removal, and treated with 150 mg·L–1 Phloxine B to stain nematode egg masses. The number of egg masses per root was recorded, and plants were accordingly assigned scores from 0 (highly resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). Broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87, 0.91, 0.81, 0.95, and 0.93 respectively for resistance to M. javanica and races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of M. incognita. The frequencies of resistant genotypes were higher for M. javanica and lower for M. incognita race 2. Genotypic correlations (rG) among the resistances to the various Meloidogyne isolates utilized were weak, ranging from 0.11 to 0.57, suggesting independent genetic controls. Clones could be selected, however, with high levels of resistance to all nematode isolates tested. (This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and FAEPE/UFLA.)

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Meloidogyne Species Associated with Weeds in Rio Grande do Sul

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582019370100095 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. BELLÉ ◽

T.E. KASPARY ◽

R.R. BALARDIN ◽

R.F. RAMOS ◽

Z.I. ANTONIOLLI

Keyword(s):

Host Plants ◽

Management Practices ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Weed Species ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Root Knot Nematodes ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Meloidogyne Species

ABSTRACT: The frequency of species of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) was evaluated in weeds collected in different fallow farms in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In the samples where the nematode was found, the species of the root-knot nematode was identified by electrophoresis using the isozyme esterase. They were obtained from weeds belonging to 24 weed species from 13 different botanical families: Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Commelinaceae, Convovulaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Oxalidaceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae, Verbenaceae. Meloidogyne javanica Est J3 (Rm: 1.0, 1.25, 1.40) was the most frequent species and occurred in 53.3% of the samples. M. arenaria with phenotype Est. A2 (Rm: 1.20, 1.30) was detected in 15.6% of the samples. M. incognita Est. I2 (Rm: 1.0, 1.1), M. ethiopica Est. E3 (Rm: 0.9, 1.15, 1.30), M. enterolobii Est. M2 (Rm: 0.7, 0.75, 0.9, 0.95) and M. hapla Est. H1 (Rm: 1.17) in 13.3%, 8.9%, 6.7% and 2.2% of the samples, respectively. Therefore, knowledge of the range of host plants to different species of the root-knot nematode can positively contribute to the adoption of management practices that allow the reduction of their populations in the soil.

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Efeito da temperatura na multiplicação celular, no desenvolvimento embrionário e na eclosão de juvenis do segundo estádio de Meloidogyne javanica

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/s0100-54052008000100006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hercules Diniz Campos ◽

Vicente Paulo Campos ◽

Edson Ampélio Pozza

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

Fatores abióticos influenciam a multiplicação celular, o desenvolvimento embrionário, bem como a sobrevivência e eclosão de juvenis do segundo estádio (J2) de Meloidogyne spp. O efeito relativo à temperatura constante tem sido estudado com várias espécies e populações de Meloidogyne. Entretanto, tem sido pouco pesquisado a flutuação de temperatura, a qual predomina no campo entre o dia e a noite ou durante períodos de predominância de massas polares. Assim, objetivou-se estudar o efeito da flutuação de temperatura em ovos de M. javanica com estádios de desenvolvimento padronizados. Quando foram usados ovos com juvenis já formados, maior percentual de eclosão ocorreu em temperatura fixa de 28 ºC, mas a redução do tempo de exposição a esta temperatura reduziu a eclosão. A exposição dos ovos por 10 horas a 10 ºC, seguido de 14 horas a 28 ºC, proporcionou maior eclosão dos J2 em relação ao mesmo período de exposição mas a 5 ºC seguido de 14 horas a 28 ºC. Já a incubação em temperatura constante de 10 ºC proporcionou menor taxa de eclosão. Ovos no estádio de duas células incubados em temperatura constante de 28 ºC tiveram a multiplicação celular e o desenvolvimento embrionário acelerado em relação às alternadas. Em temperatura constante de 10 ºC ocorreu apenas a multiplicação celular, após a incubação dos ovos por 12 dias. Entretanto, quando incubados por períodos de 10 horas a 10 ºC seguido de 14 horas a 28 ºC ocorreram a formação de juvenis e eclosão de J2, porém significativamente inferior às observadas em temperatura constante de 28 ºC. Em temperaturas de 5 ºC por 10 horas seguida de 28 ºC por 14 horas, não proporcionou eclosão de juvenis no período de 12 dias. Nos ovos ocorreram apenas os estádios pluricelulares, gástrula e "tadpole". Portanto, a temperatura constante de 10 ºC permite apenas a multiplicação celular, e o intervalo de temperatura entre 5 ºC e 10 ºC afeta drasticamente os processos envolvidos no desenvolvimento embrionário de M. javanica.

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IDENTIFIKASI BERBASIS MORFOLOGI NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp.) PADA PERTANAMAN JAMBU BIJI KRISTAL DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v9i1.4781 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Amirul Syahid ◽

I G Swibawa ◽

Solikhin Solikhin ◽

Yuyun Fitriana

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

Jambu biji Kristal saat ini populer di Lampung di antara buah-buahan tropika lainnya. Salah OPT penting yang menyerang jambu biji ini yaitu nematoda puru akar (NPA). Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari spesies nematoda puru akar yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman jambu biji kristal di Lampung dilakukan pada bulan Januari-April 2019. Pengambilan sampel nematoda dilakukan pada lahan pertanaman jambu biji kristal di PT GGF, PT GGP, dan di desa Sinar Betung Kecamatan Talang Padang Kabupaten Tanggamus. Sebanyak 40 sampel akar jambu diambil dari ketiga perkebunan tersebut dan dilakukan penghitungan nematoda betina dewasa di Laboratorium Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan Universitas Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah puru yang tinggi ditemukan pada pertanaman GGF 2 yaitu 88 puru/g akar, dan rendah di PT GGP yaitu 27,6 puru/g akar. Jumlah juvenil tinggi yaitu 351 indiv/g akar ditemukan pada Blok pertanaman 41 D2, dan rendah yaitu 10 indiv/g akar di blok pertanaman 2 J1, PT GGP Lampung Tengah. Ditemukan dua spesies nematoda puru akar, yaitu Meloidogyne incognita dan Meloidogyne Javanica, dengan komposisi masing-masing 97,3% dan 3,33%.

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Nematóides em plantas ornamentais e floríferas em Lavras (MG).

Revista Brasileira de Horticultura Ornamental ◽

10.14295/rbho.v9i2.183 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mauro J.N. Costa ◽

Silvério J. Coelho ◽

Vicente P. Campos

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Incognita ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Tylenchulus Semipenetrans ◽

Aphelenchus Avenae ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

Coletaram-se amostras de solo e/ou raízes de 56 plantas ornamentais e floríferas do Câmpus da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) (MG), com o objetivo de conhecer a ocorrência e a distribuição de nematóides nessas plantas. No laboratório, extraíramse nematóides livres no solo pela técnica de Jenkins. Pela trituração em liquidificador, obtiveram-se os nematóides sedentários. Xiphinema foi obtido através do peneiramento do solo e coletado entre detritos mediante a separação individual no microscópio de objetiva invertida. As freqüências das espécies de fitonematóides nas amostras foram: Helicotylenchus dihystera (19,7%), Meloidogyne incognita (16,7%), Xiphinema brasiliensi (10,61%), Meloidogyne spp. (9,09%), Ogma sp. (7,58%), Trichodorus sp. (7,58%), Meloidogyne javanica (7,58%), Criconemella ornata (4,55%), Tylenchorrynchus sp. (4,55%), Aphelenchus sp. (3,03%), Xiphinema spp. (3,03%), .Aphelenchus avenae (1,52%), Tylenchulus semipenetrans (1,52%), Dorilaimus sp. (1,52%) e Ditylenchus sp. (1,52%).

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Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/177037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 143-147

Author(s):

Lais Fernanda Fontana ◽

Claudia Regina Dias Arieira ◽

Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽

José Junior Severino ◽

Jailson de Oliveira Arieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Soybean Cultivar ◽

Initial Population ◽

Root Lesion Nematode ◽

Inoculum Level ◽

Final Population ◽

Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽

Meloidogyne Spp ◽

Lesion Nematode ◽

Mixed Populations

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, are the most common phytoparasites in soybean crop, which usually occur in association in crop areas. However, few studies were conducted on the interaction between these parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the interference of the increase in M. javanica population in the reproduction of P. brachyurus, and the effect of mixed populations on soybean (cultivar BRS/MT Pintado) development. The experiment consisted in inoculating a population of 1000 specimens of P. brachyurus per plant and changing the inoculum level of M. javanica, using zero, 1000, 2000 and 4000 eggs, in two different periods. After 65 days of inoculation, the increase in the initial population of M. javanica reduced by 79 and 73% the final population of P. brachyurus in the different experiments. However, both species significantly increased their populations. When subjected to the same inoculum level, M. javanica was more efficient in reproducing than P. brachyurus. The increase in the number of nematodes reduced the vegetative growth of the plant.

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A Novel Effector Protein, MJ-NULG1a, Targeted to Giant Cell Nuclei Plays a Role in Meloidogyne javanica Parasitism

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-05-12-0114-fi ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 55-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Borong Lin ◽

Kan Zhuo ◽

Ping Wu ◽

Ruqiang Cui ◽

Lian-Hui Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell ◽

Critical Role ◽

Meloidogyne Javanica ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Effector Proteins ◽

Effector Protein ◽

In Planta ◽

Cell Nuclei ◽

Nuclear Localization Signals ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

Secretory effector proteins expressed within the esophageal glands of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are thought to play key roles in nematode invasion of host roots and in formation of feeding sites necessary for nematodes to complete their life cycle. In this study, a novel effector protein gene designated as Mj-nulg1a, which is expressed specifically within the dorsal gland of Meloidogyne javanica, was isolated through suppression subtractive hybridization. Southern blotting and BLAST search analyses showed that Mj-nulg1a is unique for Meloidogyne spp. A real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay showed that expression of Mj-nulg1a was upregulated in parasitic second-stage juveniles and declined in later parasitic stages. MJ-NULG1a contains two putative nuclear localization signals and, consistently, in planta immunolocalization analysis showed that MJ-NULG1a was localized in the nuclei of giant cells during nematode parasitism. In planta RNA interference targeting Mj-nulg1a suppressed the expression of Mj-nulg1a in nematodes and attenuated parasitism ability of M. javanica. In contrast, transgenic Arabidopsis expressing Mj-nulg1a became more susceptible to M. javanica infection than wild-type control plants. These results depict a novel nematode effector that is targeted to giant cell nuclei and plays a critical role in M. javanica parasitism.

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