Undoing structural racism in dentistry: Advocacy for dental therapy

This chapter examines how the French state created a crisis through its management of the arrival and installation of the Harkis in 1962. The Harkis, Algerians of North African origin who supported the French army during the Algerian War of Independence (1954-1962), faced reprisal violence in Algeria at the end of the war and many were forced to migrate with their families to France. In response, French officials attempted to prevent the Harkis from escaping to France and placed some of those who succeeded in internment camps. Comparing the treatment of the Harkis with that of the Pieds-Noirs, the descendants of European settlers in Algeria who likewise fled to France in 1962, highlights the structural racism underlying French perceptions of and reactions to Harki migration. This chapter also explores the ways in which second-generation Harkis have constructed collective memories of the crisis and their attempts to hold the state responsible for its actions.

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The “saddest repudiation” redux: Structural racism and the unlearned lesson of 1918

Public Health Nursing ◽

10.1111/phn.12872 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Gilson Valpine ◽

Erica J. Lewis

Keyword(s):

Structural Racism

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Examining the Neighborhood Attributes of Recently Housed Partner Violence Survivors in Rapid Rehousing

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4177

Author(s):

Charvonne N. Holliday ◽

Kristin Bevilacqua ◽

Karen Trister Grace ◽

Langan Denhard ◽

Arshdeep Kaur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Housing Affordability ◽

Structural Racism ◽

Census Tracts ◽

Social Familiarity ◽

Choropleth Maps ◽

Economic Tradeoffs ◽

Safety And Stability ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Neighborhood Level

Survivors’ considerations for re-housing following intimate partner violence (IPV) are understudied despite likely neighborhood-level influences on women’s safety. We assess housing priorities and predictors of re-housing location among recent IPV survivors (n = 54) in Rapid Re-housing (RRH) in the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area. Choropleth maps depict residential location relative to census tract characteristics (neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) and residential segregation) derived from American Community Survey data (2013–2017). Linear regression measured associations between women’s individual, economic, and social factors and NDI and segregation. In-depth interviews (n = 16) contextualize quantitative findings. Overall, survivors re-housed in significantly more deprived and racially segregated census tracts within their respective regions. In adjusted models, trouble securing housing (B = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.13, 1.34), comfortability with proximity to loved ones (B = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.02, 1.48), and being unsure (vs unlikely) about IPV risk (B = −0.76, 95% CI: −1.39, −0.14) were significantly associated with NDI. Economic dependence on an abusive partner (B = −0.31, 95% CI: −0.56, −0.06) predicted re-housing in segregated census tracts; occasional stress about housing affordability (B = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.75) predicted re-housing in less segregated census tracts. Qualitative results contextualize economic (affordability), safety, and social (familiarity) re-housing considerations and process impacts (inspection delays). Structural racism, including discriminatory housing practices, intersect with gender, exacerbating challenges among survivors of severe IPV. This mixed-methods study further highlights the significant economic tradeoffs for safety and stability, where the prioritization of safety may exacerbate economic devastation for IPV survivors. Findings will inform programmatic policies for RRH practices among survivors.

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Addressing inequities in maternal health among women living in communities of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10182-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cristina Fernandez Turienzo ◽

◽

Mary Newburn ◽

Agnes Agyepong ◽

Rachael Buabeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Diversity ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Social Disadvantage ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽

Structural Racism ◽

Community Stakeholders ◽

Public Health Strategies ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe response to the coronavirus outbreak and how the disease and its societal consequences pose risks to already vulnerable groups such those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged and ethnic minority groups. Researchers and community groups analysed how the COVID-19 crisis has exacerbated persisting vulnerabilities, socio-economic and structural disadvantage and discrimination faced by many communities of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity, and discussed future strategies on how best to engage and involve local groups in research to improve outcomes for childbearing women experiencing mental illness and those living in areas of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity. Discussions centred around: access, engagement and quality of care; racism, discrimination and trust; the need for engagement with community stakeholders; and the impact of wider social and economic inequalities. Addressing biomedical factors alone is not sufficient, and integrative and holistic long-term public health strategies that address societal and structural racism and overall disadvantage in society are urgently needed to improve health disparities and can only be implemented in partnership with local communities.

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Poetry as Praxis + “Illumination”: Toward an Epistemically Just Health Promotion for Resistance, Healing, and (Re)Imagination

Health Promotion Practice ◽

10.1177/1524839921999048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 20S-26S

Author(s):

Ryan J. Petteway

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Feminist Theory ◽

Black Feminist Theory ◽

Structural Racism ◽

Black Feminist ◽

Police Violence ◽

Creative Power ◽

Critical Scholarship ◽

A Site

Health promotion is facing a most challenging future in the intersections of structural racism, COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), racialized police violence, and climate change. Now is a critical moment to ask how health promotion might become more responsive to and representative of people’s daily realities. Also how it can become a more inclusive partner in, and collaborative conduit of, knowledge—one capable of both informing intellects and transforming hearts. It needs to feel the pulse of the “fierce urgency of now,” and perhaps nothing can reveal this pulse more than the creative power of art—especially poetry. Drawing from critical and Black feminist theory, I use commentary in prose to conceptualize and call for an epistemically just health promotion guided by poetry as praxis—not just as method. I posit that, as praxis rooted in lived realities, poetry becomes experiential excavation and illumination; a practice of community, communion, and solidarity; a site and source of healing; and a space to create new narratives of health to forge new paths toward its promotion. I accordingly suggest a need to view and value poetry as a critical scholarship format to advance health promotion knowledge, discourse, and action toward a more humanized pursuit—and narrative—of health equity.

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Reversing the gaze on race, social justice, and inclusion in public librarianship

Education for Information ◽

10.3233/efi-211514 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Amber Matthews

Keyword(s):

Critical Race Theory ◽

Public Libraries ◽

Public Library ◽

Structural Racism ◽

The Public ◽

Race And Class ◽

The Gaze ◽

Socially Constructed ◽

Historical Times ◽

Diversity Studies

While contemporary revisionist narratives frame the public library as a benevolent and neutral community resource, it has existed for over two centuries and has a deeply shaded past. Particularly, public libraries played key roles in projects tied to the industrialist mission of states and the education of select social groups during key historical times. In no uncertain terms, these were inherently racist and colonial projects in which libraries helped proffer socially constructed and politically motivated ideas of race and class. This work draws on relevant and important work in anti-oppression studies, Black studies, critical diversity studies, and Critical Race Theory (CRT) to trouble contemporary revisionist perspectives in public librarianship to show how they further entrench monocultural normativity and structural racism. It also draws on scholarship in anti-racism studies to reimagine possibilities for public librarianship that genuinely reflect its core values of equity and justice.

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Protesting During a Pandemic: Narratives on Risk Taking and Motivation to Participating in the 2020 March on Washington

Crime & Delinquency ◽

10.1177/0011128721999333 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 001112872199933

Author(s):

Jennifer Cobbina ◽

Ashleigh LaCourse ◽

Erika J. Brooke ◽

Soma Chaudhuri

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Social Position ◽

Structural Racism ◽

Police Violence ◽

Black Lives Matter ◽

The Media ◽

March On Washington

The study elucidates the interplay of COVID-19 and the wave of Black Lives Matter protests to assess motivation and risk taking for protest participation. We draw on protesters’ accounts to examine how police violence influenced the participants decision making to participate in the 2020 March on Washington during a pandemic that exacerbated the risks already in place from protesting the police. We found that protesters’ social position and commitment to the cause provided motivations, along with a zeal to do more especially among White protesters. For Black participants, the images in the media resonated with their own experiences of structural racism from police.

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Unequal impact of the COVID-19 crisis on minority ethnic groups: a framework for understanding and addressing inequalities

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2020-216061 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jech-2020-216061

Author(s):

Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi ◽

Sham Lal ◽

Enitan D Carrol ◽

Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽

Kamlesh Khunti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Social Consequences ◽

Control Measures ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Future Research ◽

Complex Interplay ◽

Structural Racism ◽

Theoretical Understanding ◽

Minority Ethnic Groups ◽

Minority Ethnic

Minority ethnic groups have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. While the exact reasons for this remain unclear, they are likely due to a complex interplay of factors rather than a single cause. Reducing these inequalities requires a greater understanding of the causes. Research to date, however, has been hampered by a lack of theoretical understanding of the meaning of ‘ethnicity’ (or race) and the potential pathways leading to inequalities. In particular, quantitative analyses have often adjusted away the pathways through which inequalities actually arise (ie, mediators for the effect of interest), leading to the effects of social processes, and particularly structural racism, becoming hidden. In this paper, we describe a framework for understanding the pathways that have generated ethnic (and racial) inequalities in COVID-19. We suggest that differences in health outcomes due to the pandemic could arise through six pathways: (1) differential exposure to the virus; (2) differential vulnerability to infection/disease; (3) differential health consequences of the disease; (4) differential social consequences of the disease; (5) differential effectiveness of pandemic control measures and (6) differential adverse consequences of control measures. Current research provides only a partial understanding of some of these pathways. Future research and action will require a clearer understanding of the multiple dimensions of ethnicity and an appreciation of the complex interplay of social and biological pathways through which ethnic inequalities arise. Our framework highlights the gaps in the current evidence and pathways that need further investigation in research that aims to address these inequalities.

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