Potential of the Cnidium monnieri fruits as an immune enhancer in Escherichia coli infection model

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bindu Malla ◽  
Bo Yoon Chang ◽  
Seon Beom Kim ◽  
Hyun Park ◽  
Mi Kyeong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Immune Enhancer

scholarly journals Improvement of the Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection Model for Post-Weaning Diarrhea by Controlling for Bacterial Adhesion, Pig Breed and MUC4 Genotype

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Hiroki Matsumoto ◽  
Masashi Miyagawa ◽  
Sayaka Takahashi ◽  
Ryouichi Shima ◽  
Takayuki Oosumi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in pigs and causes significant damage to the swine industry worldwide. In recent years, there has been increased regulation against the use of antibacterial agents in swine due to their health risks. Utilizing experimental models that consistently recapitulate PWD is important for the development of non-antibacterial agents against PWD in pigs. In this study, we established a highly reproducible PWD infection model by examining differences in adhesion of ETEC to the intestinal tissue as well as the association between MUC4 polymorphisms and sensitivity to PWD. Post-weaning diarrhea differences between pig breeds were also examined. The adhesion to enterocytes varied from 104.0 to 106.4 CFU/mL even among the F4 ETEC strains. Experimental infection revealed that PWD can be induced in all MUC4 genotypes after infection with 1010 CFU/pig of highly adherent ETEC, although there were variable sensitivities between the genotypes. Lowly adherent ETEC did not cause PWD as efficiently as did highly adherent ETEC. The incidence of PWD was confirmed for all pigs with the ETEC-susceptible MUC4 genotypes in all of the breeds. These results indicate that high-precision and reproducible experimental infection is possible regardless of pig breeds by controlling factors on the pig-end (MUC4 genotype) and the bacterial-end (adhesion ability).

N-Hydroxyformamide LpxC inhibitors, their in vivo efficacy in a mouse Escherichia coli infection model, and their safety in a rat hemodynamic assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (24) ◽  
pp. 115826
Author(s):  
Takeru Furuya ◽  
Adam B. Shapiro ◽  
Janelle Comita-Prevoir ◽  
Eric J. Kuenstner ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

scholarly journals Translational Approach to Induce and Evaluate Verocytotoxic E. coli O138 Based Disease in Piglets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2415
Author(s):  
Luciana Rossi ◽  
Lauretta Turin ◽  
Giovanni Loris Alborali ◽  
Eugenio Demartini ◽  
Joel Fernando Soares Filipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Follicular Hyperplasia ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Pig livestock was influenced by several global concerns that imposed a re-thinking of the farming system, which included the reduction in chemical dependency and the development of antimicrobial alternatives. Post-weaning diarrhea and enterotoxaemia caused by Escherichia coli, are serious threats that are responsible for the economic losses related to mortality, morbidity and stunted growth in weaning piglets. The aim of the study was to set up experimental conditions to simulate the simultaneous outbreak of post-weaning diarrhea and enterotoxaemia in weaned piglets, through verocytotoxic O138 Escherichia coli challenge, with a multidisciplinary approach. Eighteen piglets susceptible to F18 VTEC infection were selected by polymerase chain reaction for polymorphism on the fucosyltransferase 1 gene and randomly divided in two experimental groups, non-infected controls (C; n = 6) and infected ones (I; n = 12) and housed into individual pens at the same environmental conditions for 29 days. At day 20, I pigs were orally inoculated with Escherichia coli O138 and fed a high protein ration for 3 days. Zootechnical, clinical, microbiological, histological and immunological parameters were evaluated along the follow up (3 and 9 days). Experimental infection, confirmed by bacteria faecal shedding of the I group, significantly affected the clinical status. The I group showed significantly higher total scores, corresponding to medians of the sum of daily scores from days 1 to 3 (Σ3) and 1 to 9 (Σ9) post infection, epiphora, vitality, hair irregularity, oedema and depression. Histological examination showed evident inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, and follicular hyperplasia in I pigs; in the same group, the immunohistochemical and immunological assays revealed an increase in IgG in the intestinal crypts and CD3-positive T cells in intestinal epithelium. The experimental Escherichia coli infection in controlled conditions is crucial for both the evaluation of innovative compounds and the elucidation of the mechanisms associated with the persistence of antibacterial resistant strains. In conclusion, the adopted infection model, carried out on receptor-mediated susceptible piglets, allowed us to identify a discriminative panel of clinical symptoms related to Escherichia coli O138 infection, and could be used to assess the protective effect of antibiotic alternatives.

scholarly journals Technical note: novel delivery methods for an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection model in MUC4-locus sequenced weaner pigs1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4503-4508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha O Sterndale ◽  
David W Miller ◽  
Josie P Mansfield ◽  
Jae C Kim ◽  
Mark O’Dea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Large White ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Marker Test ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Abstract An infection model with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) harboring the F4 fimbriae can be used to assess the impacts that various challenges associated with weaning (e.g., dietary, psychological, environmental) have on the expression of postweaning diarrhea. The objective of this study was to develop a novel inoculation method for administering an ETEC culture that would induce a higher proportion of ETEC-F4 diarrhea, in pigs that genetically showed ETEC-F4 susceptibility or resistance. The study was designed as a factorial arrangement of treatments with the factors being 1) partially susceptible or resistant to ETEC-F4 based on genetic testing, and 2) 4 challenge treatments, being a) a conventional liquid broth method using a drenching gun [Positive control (PC)], b) a Syringe method, c) a Capsule method, and d) Negative control [pigs not challenged (NC)]. At 21 ± 3 d of age (mean ± SEM), 48 male castrate pigs (Large White × Landrace) weighing approximately 7.0 ± 1.18 kg were allocated to 4 treatment groups in 2 replicate pens (6 pigs per pen). Initial ETEC-F4 susceptibility was based on a DNA marker test and each treatment group had 9 partially susceptible and 3 resistant pigs. On days 7 and 8 after weaning, pigs were challenged with ETEC (serotype O149:K88; toxins LT1, ST1, ST2, and EAST). On each inoculation day the PC pigs were orally dosed with 9 mL 7.12 × 109 colony-forming unit (CFU), the Syringe pigs with 0.8 mL 6.72 × 109 CFU, the Capsule pigs were orally administered 2 capsules containing 0.8 mL 3.28 × 109 CFU, and the NC pigs 1 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution. Approximately 72 h after infection, 44, 22, 78, and 0% of partially susceptible pigs in the PC, the Syringe, the Capsule, and the NC group had developed ETEC-F4 diarrhea (P = 0.007). Partially susceptible pigs had a higher diarrhea index (DI) compared to resistant pigs (31.5 vs. 4.8, P < 0.001). The NC group had a lower DI compared to the PC and Capsule pigs (3.9, 38.1, and 40.3, respectively, P < 0.005). Following infection, genetically resistant pigs in the Capsule group had a DI of zero and the partially susceptible pigs had a DI of 55.6 (P = 0.014). This study showed that genetically screening pigs and using a Capsule to deliver ETEC-F4 can increase cases of diarrhea and the efficiency of the challenge model. Taken together, these methods have the potential to reduce the number of pigs needed in future experimental infection studies.

scholarly journals Development of an aerogenous Escherichia coli infection model in adult broiler breeders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Kromann ◽  
Rikke Heidemann Olsen ◽  
Anders Miki Bojesen ◽  
Henrik Elvang Jensen ◽  
Ida Thøfner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

AbstractEscherichia coli constitutes an immense challenge to the poultry industry due to its devastating effect on productivity, mortality, and carcass condemnations. To aid future studies on disease mechanisms and interventions, an aerogenous infection model was established in adult broiler breeders. Hens (n = 120) were randomly allocated into six groups receiving either aerosolised E. coli or vehicle, or intratracheal E. coli or vehicle. Replication of aerosol inoculation was performed on distinct days. Alternating euthanasia time points were predetermined in order to evaluate the progression of the disease. All animals were thoroughly necropsied, and bacteriological samples were collected as well as tissues for histopathology. Birds inoculated with E. coli exhibited clinical signs and developed characteristic gross and histopathological lesions of colibacillosis, including splenic fibrinoid necrosis, folliculitis, polyserositis and impaction of parabronchi with fibrinoheterophilic exudate and necrotic debris, as well as positive in situ localisation of intralesional E. coli by immunohistochemistry. This study presents a successful development of a discriminative colibacillosis model through aerosol inoculation of adult broiler breeders. Gross and histopathological lesions characteristic of colibacillosis were established in two independent experiments.

Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli infection: The Hong Kong experience

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (11-s4) ◽  
pp. S289-S293 ◽  
Author(s):  
SSY WONG ◽  
WC YAM ◽  
PHM LEUNG ◽  
PCY WOO ◽  
KY YUEN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Gene Expression Differences in White Blood Cells after Escherichia coli Infection in Chickens

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Sandford ◽  
Megan Orr ◽  
Xianyao Li ◽  
Huaijun Zhou ◽  
timothy J. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Effect of Escherichia Coli Infection on Metabolism of Dietary Protein in Intestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 772-776
Author(s):  
Xiao-Pei Peng ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
Jian-Min Ma ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Dietary Proteins ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection

Dietary proteins are linked to the pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) through the intestinal tract, which is the site where both dietary proteins are metabolized and pathogenic E. coli strains play a pathogenic role. Dietary proteins are degraded by enzymes in the intestine lumen and their metabolites are transferred into enterocytes to be further metabolized. Seven diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes have been identified, and they damage the intestinal epithelium through physical injury and effector proteins, which lead to inhibit the digestibility and absorption of dietary proteins in the intestine tract. But the increased tryptophan (Trp) content in the feed, low-protein diet or milk fractions supplementation is effective in preventing and controlling infections by pathogenic E. coli in the intestine.

scholarly journals Epithelial cell signaling responses to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter JM Ceponis ◽  
Jason D Riff ◽  
Philip M Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Signaling ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document