scholarly journals Feed digestibility, digesta passage and faecal microbial biomass in desert‐adapted goats exposed to mild water restriction

Author(s):  
M. R. Ramadhan ◽  
E. Schlecht ◽  
U. Dickhoefer ◽  
O. Mahgoub ◽  
R. G. Joergensen
Author(s):  
S. Grikshas ◽  
N. Kulmakova ◽  
K. Spitsyna ◽  
A. Dar’in ◽  
T. Mittelshtein

Mycotoxins have been formed in feed are secondary metabolites of fungi and are quite stable substances that have teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. An effective way to combat mycotoxins in feed is the use of feed additives that adsorb toxins, prevent their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are excreted from the body. The infl uence of coconut enterosorbent Shelltic Es on fattening and meat qualities of young pigs has been studied. It has been found in the process of fattening that the highest feed digestibility was in pigs of the experimental group, in the diet of which enterosorbent has been added. The results of studies of the chemical composition and technological properties of pork have been provided. The positive eff ect of enterosorbent on precocity, absolute average daily gain of live weight and reduction of feed expenditures per 1 kg of gain has been revealed. In pigs from the experimental group the average thickness of the fat was higher and the area of the “muscle eye” was lower compared with animals of the control group, which indicates that higher rates of carcass yield have been obtained due to faster accumulation of fat tissue. The weight of internal organs of pigs indicates the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. In experimental animals the weight of the lungs was 0,1 kg lower, and the liver and heart were higher by 0,13 and 0,01 kg, respectively. Enterosorbent had no effect on the content of vitamins in the liver of pigs of the compared groups. The content of impurities of organochlorine toxicants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of animals of the experimental group was lower than that of control analogues. Therefore, the use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es promotes more active excretion of them from the body.


2019 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
A.S. KARAMAEVA ◽  
N.V. SOBOLEVA ◽  
S.V. KARAMAEV

От породы коров и ее особенностей зависят эффективность использования кормов, качество и технологические свойства молока. Материалом исследований служили коровы чернопестрой голштинской и айрширской пород. Для повышения качества сенажа из козлятника восточного использовали микробиологический препарат. В готовом корме с биоконсервантом содержание сухого вещества было выше на 3,66, обменной энергии на 8,04, сырого протеина на 10,86, переваримого протеина на 13,59. Улучшение качества корма оказало положительное влияние на метаболические процессы в рубце подопытных коров. Независимо от технологии приготовления сенажа коровы айрширской породы лучше переваривали, по сравнению с голштинами, сухое вещество на 2,062,91 (Р0,05), органическое на 1,212,04 (Р0,05), сырой протеин на 2,222,49 (Р0,05), БЭВ на 0,921,36, но при этом голштины лучше переваривали сырой жир на 2,732,78 (Р0,05) и сырую клетчатку на 1,551,86. В результате внесения в сенаж биоконсерванта Силостан и улучшения переваримости корма у коров опытных групп значительно улучшился химический состав и технологические свойства молока. Очень важно для сыроделия, что в молоке коров, получавших в рационе сенаж с биоконсервантом, повышается массовая доля казеина на 2,42,7, а доля сывороточных белков и фракции казеина, которые не свертываются под действием сычужного фермента, наоборот, снижается на 1,41,5 и на 0,30,9, соответственно. Уменьшается продолжительность свертывания молока сычужным ферментом, снижаются потери сухого вещества с сывороткой, и увеличивается выход казеинового сгустка. Плотность казеинового сгустка повышается в молоке голштинских коров на 14,3, айрширских на 5,7 и составляет, соответственно, 1,92 и 2,96 г/см2.The efficiency of feed use, the quality, as well as technological properties of milk depend on cow breed and its characteristics. Blackandwhite Holstein and Ayrshire breeds were used as the material for research. Microbiological preparation was used to increase the quality of halyage made of Eastern galega. The content of dry substance in the readymade feed was 3.66 higher, the metabolizable energy 8.04 higher, raw protein 10.86 higher, and digestible protein 13.59. Improvement of feed quality positively influenced the metabolic processes in the rumen of experimental cows. Without regard to the technology of halyage preparation, cows of Ayrshire breed showed betterdigestion of dry substance by 2.06 2.91 (P0.05) than Holstein cows, organic substance by 1.21 2.04 (P0.05), raw protein by 2.22 2.49 (P0.05), nitrogenfree extractive fraction by 0.92 1.36, but Holstein breed showed better digestion of raw fat by 2.73 2.78 (P0.05) and raw fiber by 1.55 1.86. Chemical composition and technological properties of milk improved significantly as a result of addition of Silostan biopreservative to the halyage and improvement of feed digestibility in cows from test groups. The fact that the mass percentage of casein is increased by 2.4 2.7, and the share of serum proteins and ycasein fractions which do not coagulate under the influence of enzyme rennet is inversely decreased by 1.4 1.5 and 0.3 0.9, accordingly, is very important for cheese making. The duration of milk coagulation with rennet is decreased, the loss of dry substance with serum is decreased, and the yield of casein coagulate is increased. Density of casein coagulate is increased in the milk of Holstein cows by 14.3, Ayrshire cows by 5.7, and equals to 1.92 and 2.96 g/cm2, accordingly.


2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Debasis Purohit ◽  
Mitali Mandal ◽  
Avisek Dash ◽  
Kumbha Karna Rout ◽  
Narayan Panda ◽  
...  

An effective approach for improving nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity simultaneously through exploitation of biological potential for efficient acquisition and utilization of nutrients by crops is very much needed in this current era. Thus, an attempt is made here to investigate the impact of long term fertilization in the soil ecology in rice-rice cropping system in post kharif - 2015 in flooded tropical rice (Oryza sativa L.) in an acidic sandy soil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with quadruplicated treatments. Soil samples at different growth stages of rice were collected from long term fertilizer experiment.The studied long-term manured treatments included 100 % N, 100% NP, 100 % NPK, 150 % NPK and 100 % NPK+FYM (5 t ha-1) and an unmanured control. Soil fertility status like SOC content and other available nutrient content has decreased continuously towards the crop growth period. Comparing the results of different treatments, it was found that the application of 100% NPK + FYM exhibited highest nutrient content in soils. With regards to microbial properties it was also observed that the amount of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen ( MBN) showed highest accumulation in 100 % NPK + FYM at maximum tillering stage of the rice. The results further reveal that dehydrogenase activity was maximum at panicle initiation stage and thereafter it decreases. Soil organic carbon content, MBC, MBN and dehydrogenase activity were significantly correlated with each other. Significant correlations were observed between rice yield and MBC at maturity stage( R2 = 0.94**) and panicle initiation stage( R2 = 0.92**) and available nitrogen content at maturity stage( R2 = 0.91**).


Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Martínez‐Barajas ◽  
C. Villanueva‐Verduzco ◽  
J. Molina‐Galán ◽  
H. Loza‐Tavera ◽  
E. Sánchez‐de‐Jiménez

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document