scholarly journals Tastes, emotions, and social cohesion: Toward a cultural theory of social exchange

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Vanzella‐Yang ◽  
Seth Abrutyn
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Cultural Theory

scholarly journals Tastes, emotions, and social cohesion: Toward a cultural theory of social exchange

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Vanzella-Yang ◽  
Seth Abrutyn
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Affect Theory ◽  
Cultural Sociology ◽  
Task Execution ◽  
Organizational Research ◽  
Basic Proposition

The Affect Theory of Social Exchange (ATSE) research program has produced cumulative insights on how instrumental exchanges lead to the development of affectual attachments. With its focus on task responsibilities, ATSE leaves space to interrogate how factors not related to task execution are at play in the production of interpersonal bonds. In this paper, we integrate insights from social psychology, cultural sociology and organizational research to develop a theoretical framework suggesting (a) why and how cultural tastes contribute to social cohesion and (b) the conditions under which cultural tastes remain a source of strategic advantage or, worse, symbolic exclusion. Our theory rests on the basic proposition that shared cultural tastes increase the likelihood of experiencing positive emotions, which in turn are key in the development and maintenance of affectual attachments. Variations to this proposition are subsequently introduced, considering culture in declarative and nondeclarative forms.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Social Environment and Health Communication at Prepregnancy and Maternal Stages among Caucasian and Asian Women: Findings from the Los Angeles Mommy and Baby Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lu Shi ◽  
Yuping Mao
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Neighborhood Social Cohesion ◽  
Sensitive Issues

Introduction. We study whether the relationship between neighborhood social environment and maternal communication with healthcare providers differs between Asians and Caucasians.Method and Materials. Using the 2007 Los Angeles Mommy and Baby (LAMB) survey, we measure new mother’s neighborhood social environment by four key variables: (1) instrumental/emotional support during pregnancy, (2) neighborhood social cohesion, (3) neighborhood social exchange, and (4) neighborhood services. Logistic regressions were applied for data analysis. Neighborhood social exchange predicts less chance of lacking communication about sensitive issues in preconception visits among Caucasians (logged odds: −0.045;P<0.01) and Asians (L.O.: −0.081;P<0.001) and predicts less chance of lacking communication during preconception visits among Asians (L.O.: −0.092;P<0.05). Neighborhood social cohesion predicts more chance for lacking communication about preparation for pregnancy only among Asians (L.O.: 0.065;P<0.05). Neighborhood services predict less chance of lacking communication about stigmatized issues in the prenatal visit among Asians (L.O.: −0.036;P<0.05).Discussion. Caucasians and Asians with more neighborhood social exchange are more likely to discuss sensitive issues during preconception visits. Neighborhood service significantly predicts maternal discussion of stigmatized issues with health care providers, but only among Asians.

scholarly journals Exchange, Identity Verification, and Social Bonds

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan E. Stets ◽  
Peter J. Burke ◽  
Scott V. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Verification Process

Although evidence reveals that the social exchange process and identity verification process each can produce social bonds, researchers have yet to examine their conjoined effects. In this paper, we consider how exchange processes and identity processes separately and jointly shape the social bonds that emerge between actors. We do this with data from an experiment that introduces the fairness person identity (how people define themselves in terms of fairness) in a negotiated exchange context. The findings reveal how both exchange and identity processes operate in an independent as well as contingent manner to influence the development of social cohesion at the micro level. The contingent nature of the results suggests both exchange and identity theories need to be modified to account for these contingencies.

Ethics in the Family Firm: Cohesion through Reciprocity and Exchange

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca G. Long ◽  
K. Michael Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Family Firm ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Indirect Reciprocity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Interpersonal Ties ◽  
Norm Of Reciprocity

ABSTRACT:The ubiquity of family dominated firms in economies worldwide suggests that inquiry into the nature of the ethical frames of these types of firms is increasingly important. In the context of a social exchange approach and the norm of reciprocity, this manuscript addresses social cohesion in a dominant family firm coalition. It is argued that the factors underlying this cohesion, direct versus indirect reciprocity, shape unique attributes of family firms such as intentions for transgenerational sustainability, the pursuit of non-economic goals, and strong interpersonal ties. Exchange structures, represented by direct and indirect reciprocity, lead family and non-family firms toward development of distinctive ethical frames of reference.

Is the Senpai—Kouhai relationship common across China, Korea, and Japan?

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nan Qie ◽  
Pei-Luen Patrick Rau ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Liang Ma
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Cultural Theory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
The Core ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
Practical Implications

The Senpai—Kouhai relationship is a special senior—junior peer relationship in Japan. We conducted an exploratory survey of 311 Chinese, 266 Korean, and 275 Japanese participants to investigate whether or not this relationship exists in the 2 other cultures. We identified 4 factors through factor analysis to describe the Senpai—Kouhai relationship, namely, trust, supporting, hierarchy, and verbal etiquette. The survey results confirmed the presence of the Senpai—Kouhai relationship in China, where the supporting factor was most emphasized, and in Korea, where trust and verbal etiquette were the most important factors. In Japan, the core of the Senpai—Kouhai relationship was hierarchy. The results can be explained using cross-cultural theory and social exchange perspectives. Theoretical and practical implications for cross-cultural management of international institutions are discussed.

scholarly journals A different perspective on exogamy: Are non-migrant partners in mixed unions more liberal in their attitudes toward gender, family, and religion than other natives?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-2019) ◽  
pp. 361-386
Author(s):  
Mirko K. Braack ◽  
Nadja Milewski
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Assimilation Theory ◽  
Family Solidarity ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Migrant Integration ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

Classic assimilation theory perceives migrant-native intermarriage as both a means to and a result of immigrants’ integration processes into host societies. The literature is increasingly focusing on marital exogamy of immigrants, yet almost nothing is known about their native partners. This explorative study contributes to the literature on migrant integration and social cohesion in Europe by asking whether the native partners in exogamous unions have different attitudes toward gender equality, sexual liberalization, family solidarity, and religiosity/secularization than natives in endogamous unions. Our theoretical considerations are based on preference, social exchange, and modernization theories. We use data of the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) of seven countries. The sample size is 38,447 natives aged 18 to 85, of whom about 4% are in a mixed union. The regression results of the study are mixed. Persons in exogamous unions show greater agreement with family solidarity, are thus less individualistic than those in endogamous couples. Yet, mixing is associated with greater openness to sexual liberalization and gender equality as well as more secular attitudes. These findings can only partially be explained by sociodemographic control variables. Hence, immigrants in exogamous unions with natives may integrate into the more liberal milieu of their host societies, in which natives continue to place a high value on providing support to family members.

scholarly journals A Study on the Sustainable Structural Relations between Social Exchange Relationship Characteristics and Social Contagion Effect in Beauty-Related One-Person Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11140
Author(s):  
Sungmin Kang ◽  
Younkue Na
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Group Cohesiveness ◽  
Contagion Effect ◽  
Exchange Relationship ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Task Cohesion

This study examined how members of beauty-related one-person media networks build sustainable ties with other members through various exchange activities and diffuse information based on the social contagion effect. Accordingly, social exchange relationship characteristics of beauty-related one-person media were specified and structural relations through which these characteristics affect group cohesiveness, conformity-based collective intelligence, and fad-like behavior were identified. A sample of 529 users with experience of consuming information on beauty-related one-person media was selected, and research hypotheses were tested via reliability testing, validity testing, measurement model analysis, and path analysis using SPSS ver. 23.0 and AMOS ver. 23.0. First, the path analysis between social exchange relationship characteristics of beauty-related one-person media and group cohesiveness revealed that relational characteristics significantly affected social cohesion, but situational characteristics and personal characteristics did not. Additionally, situational characteristics and personal characteristics significantly affected task cohesion, but relational characteristics did not. Second, the path analysis between group cohesiveness (social cohesion, task cohesion) and conformity-based collective intelligence in beauty-related one-person media revealed that social cohesion and task cohesion significantly affected conformity-based collective intelligence. Third, the path analysis between conformity-based collective intelligence and fad-like behavior in beauty-related one-person media clarified that conformity-based collective intelligence significantly affected fad-like behavior.

“The day after”

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smadar Gilad-Hai ◽  
Anit Somech
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Functioning ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Conflict

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of implementing innovation in experimental schools (focussing on R & D) for school effectiveness post-intervention (five years). Based on theoretical models of social exchange and “conservation of resources” (Hobfoll, 1989), the authors focussed on assessing the effects of implementing innovation on individual outcomes (strain) and school level outcomes (social cohesion, emotional conflict, organizational innovation). The authors compared three types of schools: schools that have completed the implementation process (after), schools still in the implementation process (during) and schools not participating in the implementation process (control group). Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 75 schools (23 non-experimental, 25 during the experiment, 27 post-experiment) was used. Data were collected from teachers and principals to avoid a single source bias. Findings – MANOVA analyses suggest that the process of implementation of innovation contributes to organizational effectiveness: differences were found between the control group and the two groups of experimental schools. The two groups of experimental schools showed higher levels of organizational innovation and social cohesion and lower levels of emotional conflict and strain as compared to the control group. Research limitations/implications – This study concentrated on the question of the direct links between the study variables – the effects of the implementation of innovation on school functioning. It would be interesting to examine the limit conditions (encourage – discourage factors) for these relations. Practical implications – Findings suggest that a structured process of implementing innovation contributes not only to the outcome of innovation in school, but also enhances overall school functioning. Originality/value – Permits the authors to deepen the knowledge of the potential of organizational processes of innovation in schools over time (pre-during-post process).

Social exchange processes, health behaviour, and health behaviour change

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Urte Scholz ◽  
Rainer Hornung
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Multi Method Approach

Abstract. The main research areas of the Social and Health Psychology group at the Department of Psychology at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, are introduced. Exemplarily, three currently ongoing projects are described. The project ”Dyadic exchange processes in couples facing dementia” examines social exchanges in couples with the husband suffering from dementia and is based on Equity Theory. This project applies a multi-method approach by combining self-report with observational data. The ”Swiss Tobacco Monitoring System” (TMS) is a representative survey on smoking behaviour in Switzerland. Besides its survey character, the Swiss TMS also allows for testing psychological research questions on smoking with a representative sample. The project, ”Theory-based planning interventions for changing nutrition behaviour in overweight individuals”, elaborates on the concept of planning. More specifically, it is tested whether there is a critical amount of repetitions of a planning intervention (e.g., three or nine times) in order to ensure long-term effects.

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