Predicting aggregate stability index in ferralsols

ABSTRACT Integrated farming systems are promising strategies for the recovery of pastures and degraded soils. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrated farming systems arrangements, after four years of implementation, on the fertility, carbon stock and aggregate stability of an Alfisol, in the semiarid region of the Paraíba state, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design was used, with 5 treatments and 4 replications: Brachiaria decumbens; B. decumbens + Tabebuia impetiginous; B. decumbens + Gliricidia sepium; B. decumbens + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia; and B. decumbens + maize. The soil chemical attributes, fertility, carbon stock and structural and aggregate stability were evaluated in the 0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.30 m layers. The B. decumbens + maize system presented an organic matter content 11.93 % higher than B. decumbens, and was higher than the other systems evaluated. Concerning the carbon stock in the 0.00-0.10 m layer, in B. decumbens the uptake was 2.66 Mg ha-1 higher than that of the B. decumbens + maize system and, on average, 4.69 Mg ha-1 higher than for the systems with the arboreal component. In the medium-term, B. decumbens is more efficient in adding carbon to the soil. The soil structural stability, aggregate stability index and fertility were not affected by the different arrangements after four years of implementation.

Download Full-text

Do different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affect the formation and stability of soil aggregates?

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-7054201943003519 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Marisângela Viana Barbosa ◽

Daniela de Fátima Pedroso ◽

Nilton Curi ◽

Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Soil Aggregate ◽

Porous Space ◽

Soil Aggregate Stability ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT Soil structure, which is defined by the arrangement of the particles and the porous space forming aggregates, is one of the most important properties of the soil. Among the biological factors that influence the formation and stabilization of soil aggregates, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are distinguished due to extrarradicular hyphae and glomalin production. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate different AMF (Acaulospora colombiana, Acaulospora longula, Acaulospora morrowiae, Paraglomus occultum and Gigaspora margarita) associated with Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf on soil aggregate stability. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design, using an Oxisol and autoclaved sand 2:1 (v/v), with seven treatments: five AMF; and treatments with plants without inoculation and with only the soil, with 5 replicates. The experiment was conducted during 180 days and the following variables were evaluated: mycelium total length (TML); production of easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) in the soil and aggregate classes; stability of the dry and immersed in water aggregates through the mean geometric diameter (MGD) and the mean weighted diameter (MWD) of aggregates; and the soil aggregate stability index (ASI). It was observed that the inoculation favored soil aggregation, with a high incidence of A. colombiana, which presented the highest MGD, TML and GRSP production in the aggregates with Ø>2.0mm and for A. colombiana and A. morrowiae in the aggregates with Ø<0.105 mm, when compared to the treatment without inoculation. These results show that there is a distinction between the effects of different AMF on the formation and stability of soil aggregates.

Download Full-text

Soil aggregation under different management systems

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832012000600021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 1868-1877 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Cibele Mascioli Rebello Portella ◽

Maria de Fátima Guimarães ◽

Christian Feller ◽

Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca ◽

João Tavares Filho

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Soil Aggregation ◽

Natural State ◽

Native Forest ◽

Water Dispersible ◽

Soil Preparation ◽

And Chemical Properties

Considering that the soil aggregation reflects the interaction of chemical, physical and biological soil factors, the aim of this study was evaluate alterations in aggregation, in an Oxisol under no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT), since over 20 years, using as reference a native forest soil in natural state. After analysis of the soil profile (cultural profile) in areas under forest management, samples were collected from the layers 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm, with six repetitions. These samples were analyzed for the aggregate stability index (ASI), mean weighted diameter (MWD), mean geometric diameter (MGD) in the classes > 8, 8-4, 4-2, 2-1, 1-0.5, 0.5-0.25, and < 0.25 mm, and for physical properties (soil texture, water dispersible clay (WDC), flocculation index (FI) and bulk density (Bd)) and chemical properties (total organic carbon - COT, total nitrogen - N, exchangeable calcium - Ca2+, and pH). The results indicated that more intense soil preparation (M < NT < PC) resulted in a decrease in soil stability, confirmed by all stability indicators analyzed: MWD, MGD, ASI, aggregate class distribution, WDC and FI, indicating the validity of these indicators in aggregation analyses of the studied soil.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Oxisol Physics Parameters on Dry Matter Production in Grasses of Brachiaria Genus

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i2.15749 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 265

Author(s):

Pedro Luan Ferreira da Silva ◽

Flávio Pereira de Oliveira ◽

Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽

Adriana Ferreira Martins ◽

Camila Costa da Nóbrega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Available Water Content ◽

Experimental Area ◽

Matter Production

The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between physical attributes of a Yellow Oxisol and the shoot dry matter production in grasses from the Brachiaria genus in the Brejo region, in Paraíba. The experiment has been conducted since 2005 in an experimental area of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Paraíba, Areia-PB (6°58’12’’ S; 35°41’15’’ W and 573 m altitude). The experimental design adopted was that of randomized complete blocks (RCB) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. T1- Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.; T2- Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst) Stapf.; T3- Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schwnickerdt Vr.; T4- Brachiaria brizantha MG5 cv. Vitória. The soil in the experimental area was characterized as Dystrophic Yellow Oxisol with clay-sandy texture. Soil samples with disturbed and undisturbed structure were collected within the 0.0-0.10 m layer. The shoot dry matter of grasses was collected in october of 2018. The analyzed variables were: bulk density (BD), compaction degree (CD), total porosity (TP), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), field capacity (θFC), permanent wilting point (θPWP), available water content (θAWC), soil aeration capacity (SAC), mean weighted diameter of wet and dry aggregates (Wet and Dry MWD), aggregate stability index (ASI) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kθ). The Student’s t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis (p <0.05) were performed. It was concluded that dry matter production was positively influenced by θFC and θPWP. And the increase of the average values of BD, CD, Wet and Dry MWD favored the increase of shoot dry matter production by grasses.

Download Full-text

Effective hydraulic conductivity and its relationship with the other attributes of Cerrado soils

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n6p357-363 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 357-363

Author(s):

Edwaldo D. Bocuti ◽

Ricardo S. S. Amorim ◽

Luis A. Di L. Di Raimo ◽

Wellington de A. Magalhães ◽

Emílio C. de Azevedo

Keyword(s):

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Water Infiltration ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Total Carbon Content ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Effective Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Physical Attributes

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the effective hydraulic conductivity of six areas located in the Cerrado region of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and to identify physical attributes of soils with potential for predicting effective hydraulic conductivity. The tests to determine the effective hydraulic conductivity were carried out in six areas, covering the textural classes sand, sandy loam and clay, and the following uses: pasture, Cerrado and agriculture. Particle size, sand fractionation, total carbon content, degree of clay flocculation, bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity, mean weight diameter, mean geometric diameter and aggregate stability index were determined. From the data, statistical analyses of contrasts were performed by the Kruskal - Wallis test, and simple Pearson’s correlation coefficient was determined between variables. The average values of effective hydraulic conductivity for the pasture, agriculture and Cerrado areas were 95.73, 27.83 and 48.31 mm h-1, respectively. Higher value of effective hydraulic conductivity was observed in the Pasture area point 2 when compared to the Agriculture area point 2, because the amount of clay determined in Agriculture area was approximately 16 times greater than that of the area Pasture point 2, conditioning lower water infiltration in the soil profile of the area Agriculture point 2. Among the physical attributes analyzed, those with the highest potential for Ke prediction were: clay, silt, sand (coarse, medium and fine), total carbon and aggregate stability index.

Download Full-text

Role of Gliricidia sepium in Improving Aggregate Stability of Ultisol Limau Manis Padang: A LABoratory study

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/js.9.1.44-49.2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽

Asmar Asmar ◽

Vitria Purnamasari

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter Content ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Soil Aggregate ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Aggregate Stability ◽

Top Soil ◽

The Stability

There is no much public concern about soil aggregate stability improvement of a soil. This is due to the fact that it does not directly affect crop yield for a short term, but it determines sustainable agriculture and development for a long term. This research was aimed to investigate soil physical properties especially soil aggregate stability of Ultisols after fresh OM application, then to determine the exact OM dosage to improve the stability. Ultisols used was from Limau Manis (± 367 m asl), an area in lower footslope of Mount Gadut, having wet tropical rainforest. Due to land use change, farming activities in that sloping area could enhance erosion process in the environment. Therefore, efforts to anticipate the erosion must be found. Fresh OM applied was Gliricidia sepium which was found plenty in the area. Five levels of fresh Gliricidia sepium, were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 t/ha. Top soil (0-20 cm depth) was mixed with OM, then incubated for 3 months in glasshouse. The results after a 3-month incubation showed that SOM content did not statistically increase, but it improved based on the criteria, from very low to low level as OM was applied for ≥ 10 t/ha. It seemed that 10 t/ha Gliricidia sepium was the best dosage at this condition. There was a positive correlation between SOM content and aggregate stability index of Ultisols after fresh Gliricidia sepium addition.Keywords: Ultisols, soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter content

Download Full-text

INDEKS STABILITAS AGREGAT TANAH PADA PERKEBUNAN TEH BERBASIS SLOPE DAN UMUR TANAMAN DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG TALANG KABUPATEN SOLOK

Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan ◽

10.21776/ub.jtsl.2021.008.1.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

Dendy Detafiano Prakasa Afner ◽

A Aprisal ◽

Y Yulnafatmawita

Keyword(s):

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Soil Aggregate ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Tea Plantation ◽

Soil Aggregate Stability ◽

Tea Plantations ◽

Chemical Conditions ◽

Physical And Chemical

Land-use change from the forest into tea plantation in Solok Regency in 1983 has decreased the area of forests in Gunung Talang District. Clearing up the forest at the beginning for tea plantation could worsen the physical and chemical conditions of the soil. One of which is soil aggregate stability that is very dynamic and can influence other soil physical properties. This study was aimed to determine soil Aggregate Stability Index (ASI) at tea plantations. Soil samples was taken at a depth of 0-20 cm from five different slopes (0-8% (A), 8-15% (B), 15-25% (C), 25-45% (D), and> 45% (E)) and at two crop ages (10 and 35 years old). The results showed that the soil aggregate stability index at tea plantations ranged from stable to very stable. It tended to decrease by increasing slope percentage at each of crop age, Between the ages, it showed higher ASI at 35 years old crop age under relatively flat (0-8%) and very steep (>45%) areas.

Download Full-text

Soil structure and stability in the spermosphere of myxosdiaspore chia (Salvia hispanica L.)

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr18182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 546 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Amato ◽

Rocco Bochicchio ◽

Giacomo Mele ◽

Rosanna Labella ◽

Roberta Rossi

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Salvia Hispanica ◽

Structure And Stability ◽

Micro Tomography ◽

Salvia Hispanica L

Mucilage produced by myxodiaspores has been mainly studied for its role in seed ecology. This work investigates changes due to mucilage in soil structure and stability in the spermosphere of the myxodiaspore crop chia (Salvia hispanica L.). In sandy-loam (S) repacked soil sown with chia and subjected to wetting–drying (DW), Computer Assisted X-ray micro tomography showed that extrusion of a mucilage capsule formed a pore of volume twice that of the seed, surrounded by a shell of particles with higher porosity and lower pore size than the bulk soil. In three soils (S; loam, L; and clay-loam, C) the aggregate stability index to wet sieving (Stw) decreased with one and two DW cycles. Application of 2% w/w mucilage increased Stw before and after DW, from 29% in C to more than 60-fold in S. Mucilage-amended samples after DW had higher or equal Stw compared with unamended soil before DW. Soil retained at the surface of hydrated diaspores exposed to water flow changed with soil texture (11.3, 90.5 and 91.7mg on each hydrated seed for S, L and C respectively) and chia genotype (6.7, 9.9 and 12.8mg per hydrated seed in BC and G8 long-day flowering mutants and commercial Black chia respectively). Our results showed that myxodiaspores affected soil structure by providing a microenvironment of altered porosity and high stability around the mucilage capsule extruded by the hydrated seed. This finding characterises a transient but crucial time of crop production around sowing when physical properties of soil surrounding seeds are relevant to stability, germination and plant–microorganism relations.

Download Full-text

Association of the Occurrence of Ant Species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with Soil Attributes, Vegetation, and Climate in the Brazilian Savanna Northeastern Region

Sociobiology ◽

10.13102/sociobiology.v64i4.1209 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 442

Author(s):

Edison Fernandes da Silva ◽

José Eduardo Corá ◽

Ana Yoshi Harada ◽

Ivan Barbosa Machado Sampaio

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Basal Area ◽

Principal Component ◽

Stability Index ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Importance Value ◽

Northeastern State ◽

Vegetation And Climate

Ants occur in all strata of tropical forest by nesting, foraging and interacting with plants and other resident in these habitats. It is know that a large number of ant species live in the leaflitter and soil. This study aim to know if the occurrence of the species of ants from Cerrado of the Northeastern State of Maranhão depends on the attributes of soils and climatic factors. We found 48 species of ants, and ten of them had highest importance value, and are correlated with the soil properties, litter biomass, basal area, humidity and temperature, by using principal component analysis (PCA). The soil properties (density, porosity, particle size, aggregate stability index, and levels of Mg2+, Ca2+, carbon and potential acidity); vegetation (basal area and dry mass of litter) and temperature and humidity at soil level affect the occurrence of the following ants species Camponotus comatulus Mackay, 2010, Ectatomma muticum Mayr, 1870, Pseudomyrmex boopis (Roger, 1863), Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1855), Dinoponera gigantea (Peerty, 1833), Ochetomyrmex neopolitus Fernández, 2003, Crematogaster cf acuta, Pheidole casta Wheeler, 1908, Solenopsis bruesi Creighton, 1930 and Solenopsis. Substituta Santschi, 1925.

Download Full-text

IMPACT OF CONVERTING AREAS CULTIVATED WITH SUGARCANE TO EUCALYPT PLANTATIONS ON SOIL QUALITY IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/1806-908820210000017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

Author(s):

Aldair de Souza Medeiros ◽

Rener Luciano de Souza Ferraz ◽

Thamirys Suelle da Silva ◽

Anderson Vitor Lins da Silva ◽

Stoécio Malta Ferreira Maia

Keyword(s):

Soil Quality ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Stability Index ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Region ◽

Eucalypt Plantations ◽

Properties Of Soil

ABSTRACT Reforestation is considered an effective method to improve soil quality and drain atmospheric CO2 by sequestering carbon, in both soil and vegetation. In this regard, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of converting areas cultivated with sugarcane to eucalypt plantations (Eucalyptus spp.) on soil quality and carbon sequestration in a Latossolo (Ferralsol) in the Atlantic Forest region of the Alagoas state, Brazil, through multivariate analysis. The systems under evaluation consisted of four areas: one area cultivated with sugarcane for approximately 20 years, taken as the reference area of this study, and the other three adjacent areas cultivated with eucalypt at 1 (E1), 3 (E3) and 6 (E6) years of age, previously cultivated with sugarcane. Physical (bulk density - BD, Mean weight-diameter - MWD, geometric mean diameter - GMD and aggregate stability index - ASI), chemical (soil organic carbon - SOC, total nitrogen - TN, labile carbon - LC and recalcitrant carbon - RC) and biological (Microbial biomass carbon - MBC, soil carbon respiration - C-CO2 and metabolic quotient - qCO2) properties of soil were evaluated. Data were collected, standardized and submitted to exploratory analysis with principal components. The results show that SOC, LC, TN, GMD, MWD and ASI increased, while BD showed a reduction in E3 and E6 systems. The conversion of sugarcane cultivation with burning of straw and manual harvest into eucalypt plantations was efficient at promoting SOC sequestration and improving physical, chemical and biological properties of soil.

Download Full-text