Multi-scale spatial heterogeneity of pectic rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) structural features in tobacco seed endosperm cell walls

The present work aimed to determine structural features of polysaccharides derived from the P. abies foliage by extraction with a (NH4)2C2O4 solution. The isolated polysaccharide was studied in detail by the methods of ion exchange chromatography, partial acidic hydrolys and NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that this polysaccharide contained polymers of various structures. The major constituents of PAO were low-methoxyl and low-acetylated 1,4-a-D-galacturonan and by minor parts of partly 2-O- and/or 3-O- acetylated rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). The side carbohydrate chains of the branched region of RG-I were represented predominantly by highly branched 1,5-a-L-arabinan and minor portions of 1,4-β-D-galactan. In addition to the dominant pectins, polysaccharide PAO contained binding glycans of the glucomannans class, which indicated a close interaction of these polysaccharides in the cell walls. Thus, the structural features of pectin woody P. abies, extracted with a solution of (NH4)2C2O4, were first determined. It can be concluded that P. abies woody greens, a large tonnage waste from the wood processing industry, can be considered as a potential source of pectin substances. The results of studying the structure of components of woody green P. abies can be the basis for the development and improvement of new technologies for the integrated use of this raw material.

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Wheat endosperm cell walls: Spatial heterogeneity of polysaccharide structure and composition using micro-scale enzymatic fingerprinting and FT-IR microspectroscopy

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2009.05.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 312-317 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Luc Saulnier ◽

Paul Robert ◽

Mathilde Grintchenko ◽

Frédéric Jamme ◽

Brigitte Bouchet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Endosperm Cell ◽

Wheat Endosperm ◽

Micro Scale ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Ir Microspectroscopy

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The Potential of Fucose-Containing Sulfated Polysaccharides As Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666181213093718 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (35) ◽

pp. 6399-6411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cláudia Nunes ◽

Manuel A. Coimbra

Keyword(s):

Tissue Regeneration ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Structural Features ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Health Related ◽

Pathogen Inhibition ◽

Health Applications

Marine environments have a high quantity and diversity of sulfated polysaccharides. In coastal regions brown algae are the most abundant biomass producers and their cell walls have fucosecontaining sulfated polysaccharides (FCSP), known as fucans and/or fucoidans. These sulfated compounds have been widely researched for their biomedical properties, namely the immunomodulatory, haemostasis, pathogen inhibition, anti-inflammatory capacity, and antitumoral. These activities are probably due to their ability to mimic the carbohydrate moieties of mammalian glycosaminoglycans. Therefore, the FCSP are interesting compounds for application in health-related subjects, mainly for developing scaffolds for delivery systems or tissue regeneration. FCSP showed potential for these applications also due to their ability to form stable 3D structures with other polymers able to entrap therapeutic agents or cell and growth factors, besides their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, for the clinical use of these biopolymers well-defined reproducible molecules are required in order to accurately establish relationships between structural features and human health applications.

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Skin and dry adhesion

10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0022 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Changhyun Pang ◽

Chanseok Lee ◽

Hoon Eui Jeong ◽

Kahp-Yang Suh

Keyword(s):

Material Properties ◽

Structural Features ◽

Mechanical Interlocking ◽

Multi Scale ◽

Skin Patch ◽

Reversible Adhesion ◽

Dry Adhesion ◽

Close Observation ◽

Dry Adhesives ◽

Shed Light

Close observation of various attachment systems in animal skins has revealed various exquisite multi-scale architectures for essential functions such as locomotion, crawling, mating, and protection from predators. Some of these adhesion systems of geckos and beetles have unique structural features (e.g. high-aspect ratio, tilted angle, and hierarchical nanostructure), resulting in mechanical interlocking mediated by van der Waals forces or liquid secretion (capillary force). In this chapter, we present an overview of recent advances in bio-inspired, artificial dry adhesives, and biomimetics in the context of nanofabrication and material properties. In addition, relevant bio-inspired structural materials, devices (clean transportation device, interlocker, biomedical skin patch, and flexible strain-gauge sensor) and microrobots are briefly introduced, which would shed light on future smart, directional, and reversible adhesion systems.

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Effect of particle size and delignification on the rate of digestion of hemicellulose and cellulose by cellulase in mature pangola grass stems

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9830241 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 241 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

CW Ford

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Structural Features ◽

Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽

Particle Size Reduction ◽

Digitaria Decumbens ◽

Hemicellulose Degradation ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference

Stem cell walls of pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) were ground to two particle sizes (c. 1 and 0.1 mm diameter), and incubated with cellulase (ex. Trichoderma viride) for varying times before and after delignification. Total cell walls finely ground (0.1 mm) with a Spex Shatterbox mill were initially degraded more rapidly (to 24 h) than delignified 1 mm particles. Thereafter the delignified material was solubilized to a greater extent. Subsequent specific determinations of cell wall polysaccharides indicated that delignification increased the rate of hemicellulose degradation to a greater extent than did particle size reduction, whereas the opposite was found for cellulose. The difference between delignified and Spex-ground residues, in terms of the amount of polysaccharide digested, was much greater for cellulose than hemicellulose. It is concluded that structural features play a more important role in limiting cellulase degradation of cellulose than does association with lignin, the reverse being so for hemicellulose.

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