scholarly journals Upper age limits for convalescent plasma donation and treatment of COVID ‐19 patients: A further marker of ageism

Transfusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Fedecostante ◽  
Desmond O'Neill ◽  
Francesca Pierri ◽  
Barbara Carrieri ◽  
Fabrizia Lattanzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Donation ◽  
Age Limits

The novel use of convalescent plasma in patients with COVID 19 in Basra governorate, Case series review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Hammadi ◽  
Ali Hashim ◽  
Abbas Ali ◽  
Rafid Abbood ◽  
Hassanein Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Off Label Use ◽  
Plasma Therapy ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Plasma Donation ◽  
Patient Series

Background: The idea of convalescent plasma usage is to give passive immunity to the patients, so their immune system stands a good chance of combating the virus.this study will review 6 cases of eligible covid 19 patients that had been treated with convalescent plasma therapy in Basra covid 19 quarantine Objectives: to demonstrate efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma in the patient series that had been enrolled . Method: this study had pioneered a new method to collect up to 3,000 mL in one session by an off-label use of Spectra Optia Apheresis systems by TerumoBCT /Exchange set to collect convalescent plasma. In this study 250 mL convalescent plasma had been given each of the 6 patients, from one donor. respose in spo2,dyspnoea and tachypnoea was observed ,any reaction to plasma also had been monitored . Result: Our case series have demonstrated both safety and effectiveness of convalescent plasma. This study was successful in reaching our primary and secondary outcomes in all 6 patients (improvement in SpO2 and symptoms). With negligible difference in time of post transfusion response Conclusion: convalescent plasma is apperantly safe and effective, In this study 250 mL convalescent plasma had been given each of the 6 patients, from one donor using Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) protocol by Spectra Optia Apheresis system/TerumoBCT. Keywords: convalescent plasma, COVID-19, SARS CoV-2, apheresis, plasma exchange, plasma donation

scholarly journals Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial examining the effect of blood and plasma donation on serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) levels in firefighters

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e044833
Author(s):  
Gabriel Silver ◽  
Yordanka Krastev ◽  
Miriam K Forbes ◽  
Brenton Hamdorf ◽  
Barry Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Plasma Donation ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse group of compounds that have been used in hundreds of industrial applications and consumer products including aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for many years. Multiple national and international health and environmental agencies have accepted that PFAS exposures are associated with numerous adverse health effects. Australian firefighters have been shown to have elevated levels of PFAS in their blood, specifically perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), due to the historical use of AFFF. While PFAS concentrations decline over time once the source of exposure has been removed, their potential adverse health effects are such that it would be prudent to develop an intervention to lower levels at a faster rate than occurs via natural elimination rates.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised controlled trial of current and former Australian firefighters in the Metropolitan Fire Brigade/Fire Rescue Victoria, and contractors, with previous occupational exposure to PFAS and baseline elevated PFOS levels. The study is investigating whether whole blood donation every 12 weeks or plasma donation every 6 weeks will significantly reduce PFAS levels, compared with a control group. We have used covariate-adaptive randomisation to balance participants’ sex and blood PFAS levels between the three groups and would consider a 25% reduction in serum PFOS and PFHxS levels to be potentially clinically significant after 12 months of whole blood or plasma donation. A secondary analysis of health biomarkers is being made of changes between screening and week 52 in all three groups.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number: 3855), final protocol V.2 dated 12 June 2019. Study results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000204145).

scholarly journals Helium in diamonds unravels over a billion years of craton metasomatism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaakov Weiss ◽  
Yael Kiro ◽  
Cornelia Class ◽  
Gisela Winckler ◽  
Jeff W. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Lithosphere ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
Fluid Bearing ◽  
Major Surface ◽  
Chemical Events

AbstractChemical events involving deep carbon- and water-rich fluids impact the continental lithosphere over its history. Diamonds are a by-product of such episodic fluid infiltrations, and entrapment of these fluids as microinclusions in lithospheric diamonds provide unique opportunities to investigate their nature. However, until now, direct constraints on the timing of such events have not been available. Here we report three alteration events in the southwest Kaapvaal lithosphere using U-Th-He geochronology of fluid-bearing diamonds, and constrain the upper limit of He diffusivity (to D ≈ 1.8 × 10−19 cm2 s−1), thus providing a means to directly place both upper and lower age limits on these alteration episodes. The youngest, during the Cretaceous, involved highly saline fluids, indicating a relationship with late-Mesozoic kimberlite eruptions. Remnants of two preceding events, by a Paleozoic silicic fluid and a Proterozoic carbonatitic fluid, are also encapsulated in Kaapvaal diamonds and are likely coeval with major surface tectonic events (e.g. the Damara and Namaqua–Natal orogenies).

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic assessment of ossification of the distal radial epiphysis for estimating forensic age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Ekizoglu ◽  
Ali Er ◽  
Asli Dilara Buyuktoka ◽  
Mustafa Bozdag ◽  
Gokce Karaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Interobserver Error ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Critical Age ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment

AbstractSince forensic age estimation is not a valid medical indication, research on the use of nonionizing methods is increasing. Ultrasonography is a radiological approach that protects patients from radiation exposure and offers special convenience to them. In this study, ultrasonography was used for age estimation by investigating the degree of ossification of the distal radial epiphysis. Its applicability on the Turkish population was investigated. The left wrist of 688 (322 males, 366 females) patients between the ages of 9 and 25 years was prospectively evaluated by ultrasonography. The intra- and interobserver reliabilities in evaluating the distal radial epiphysis and Cohen’s kappa statistics show that the interobserver error was very low, and the kappa value was found to be 0.919. Stage 3 and 4 ossification of the distal radial epiphysis was first detected at age 14.3 and 15.3 years in males and 12.7 and 14.8 years in females, respectively. The data obtained may help determine legally critical age limits of 14 and 15. Although it does not seem useful for the age of 18, ultrasonography may be recommended in selected cases as a fast, inexpensive, frequently reproducible radiological method without concern about radiation and without a predictable health risk.

The History of the Extortion Court at Rome, 123–70 b.c.

1938 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. V. D. Balsdon
Keyword(s):  
Roman History ◽  
Precise Statement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

The available evidence concerning the history of the Extortion Court, the quaestio repetundarum, at Rome is tabulated opposite page 114. In view of the bulk of this evidence, it is at first sight surprising that this should be one of the most confused chapters of Roman history. Indeed, it is improbable that all Roman historians would agree upon any more precise statement of certainty than the following: that C. Gracchus, whether by a lex Sempronia iudiciaria, or by a lex Sempronia de repetundis, or by a lex Acilia de repetundis which may, or may not, be reproduced in the lex repetundarum, fragments of which are preserved at Naples and at Vienna (CIL i, 583), established equites (selected either from owners and past owners, within certain age limits, of the equus publicus, or from all those who possessed the equestrian census) either in place of, or in association with, senators as jurors in the quaestio de repetundis; that Q. Servilius Caepio, probably in his consulship in 106 B.C., proposed, and perhaps carried, a judiciary law in the interest of the Senate; that C. Servilius Glaucia either in m (Mommsen), 108 (Carcopino) 104 (Last) or 101 B.C. (Niccolini) carried a lex repetundarum and perhaps other judiciary laws in which he possibly either gave for the first time, or restored, to the equites complete possession of the juries and certainly effected two reforms in procedure, (a) by legalising the prosecution not only of recent magistrates and pro-magistrates, but also of their accomplices and (b) by introducing the form of ‘double action’ known as comperendinatio; that M. Livius Drusus, as tribune in 91 B.C., endeavoured unsuccessfully to establish, or to re-establish, as the case may be, mixed juries of senators and equites, and to make equestrian as well as senatorial jurors liable to prosecution for accepting bribes; that in 89 B.C. by a lex Plautia of the tribune M. Plautius Silvanus mixed juries were established, certainly for trials of maiestas, and perhaps for repetundae too. After this, the way is clearer, Sulla re-established senatorial juries, which survived until 70 B.C., when, by the lex Aurelia, jurors were selected from three panels—from senators, equites and tribuni aerarii.

Age Limits of Pediatrics

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 736-736
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Special Circumstances

The purview of pediatrics includes the physical and psychosocial growth, development, and health of the individual. This commitment begins prior to birth when conception is apparent and continues throughout infancy, childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood, when the growth and developmental processes are generally completed. The responsibility of pediatrics may therefore begin with the fetus and continue through 21 years of age. There are special circumstances (eg, a chronic illness and/or disability) in which, if mutually agreeable to the pediatrician, the patient, and when appropriate the patient's family, the services of the pediatrician may continue to be the optimal source of health care past the age of 21 years.

The Complex Biochemical Study of the Blood Plasma, Obtained by Manual Plasmapheresis

2016 ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
Andrii Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Plasma Donation ◽  
Individual Index ◽  
First Time ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Donor Plasma

The plasma samples of 34 primary donors (22 men and 12 women) for the first time given the plasma by automated plasmapheresis (control surveillance), and 54 active donors of blood plasma (40 men and 14 women) being donors with non-less 14 days interval between donations, have been examined. The active male donors’ plasma averaged at 18,63±1,71 with individual index fluctuations from 2 to 78, female donors’ – 14,09±1,95 with individual index fluctuations from 2 to 45. The method of plasma obtaining is a manual plasmapheresis method. The surveyed groups were homogeneous for age and sex. Hematologic and biochemical parameters of all those persons have been examined and, basing on the conclusion of the professionals, everyone was admitted to the plasma donation. The content of middle mass molecules in plasma were determined by method of N.I. Gabrieljan, V.I. Lipatovoj (1984). The content of biogenic amines free fractions in plasma were determined by fluorometric method of B.V. Mikhailichenko, S.V. Vydyborets (1999). Analysis of the results showed that in the donor plasma samples obtained by manual plasmapheresis level of middle mass molecules, histamine, serotonin is significantly higher. The significance of obtained results has also been discussed.

When are Speech Sounds Learned?

1972 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K. Sander
Keyword(s):  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Age Limits

The age at which specific consonant articulations emerge differs greatly among children. Widely quoted age tables represent upper age limits rather than average performance, and stress-sound mastery in all word positions as opposed to customary usage. A new graphic way of summarizing information about age in relation to consonant development is proposed.

scholarly journals An Integrative Literature Review on the Nomenclature and Definition of Dementia at a Young Age

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Dennis van de Veen ◽  
Christian Bakker ◽  
Kirsten Peetoom ◽  
Yolande Pijnenburg ◽  
Janne M. Papma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Young Onset ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Young Onset Dementia ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
Definition Of

Background: There has been growing interest in young people living with dementia. Future research requires consensus on the terminology and operational definition of this group. Objective: The purpose of this integrative review was to explore and include all operational definitions used to define dementia at a young age. Methods: On August 14, 2020, the PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, and PsycInfo databases were searched for empirical and theoretical literature using Google. Various terms to describe and define ‘dementia’ and ‘at a young age’ were used to collect literature concerning terminology; age-related aspects, including cut-off ages and criteria; and etiologies of dementia at a young age. Results: The search yielded 6,891 empirical and 4,660 theoretical publications, resulting in the inclusion of 89 publications, including 36 publications containing an explicit discussion and 53 publications as confirmation. ‘Young-onset dementia’ was the most commonly used term of seven identified terms, in the last two decades. The age of 65 years at symptom onset was used most frequently when considering a total of six upper age limits and four criteria to define a cut-off age. Eight lower age limits and an option for subdivision based on age were included. We identified 251 different etiologies and 27 categories of etiologies. Conclusion: Despite relative consensus on the term young-onset dementia and an age at symptom onset being used as a cut-off criterion, much is still unclear concerning possible etiologies of dementia at a young age. In the current study, controversies were detected for discussion in an international consensus study.

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