Impacts of COVID ‐19 and elective surgery cancellations on platelet supply and utilization in the Canadian Province of British Columbia

This study provides the first empiric evidence for the existence of a new epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness. Data from a population-based register of handicapping conditions in the Canadian province of British Columbia, and a birth weight-specific census of live-born infants in British Columbia, were used to determine annual, population-level incidences of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness during 1952 to 1983. Changes in incidence since the end of the original epidemic (1954) were determined by subdividing the 29-year period (1955 to 1983) into two intervals (1955 to 1964 and 1965 to 1983). Standardized incidence ratio analyses revealed a marginally significant increase in the overall incidence of retinopathy of prematurity-induced blindness in the later as compared with the earlier period. Infants weighing 750 to 999 g at birth had a significantly increased standardized incidence ratio of 3.07 (95% confidence interval 1.26, 11.06). No increases in risk were observed in heavier or lighter weight infants. Because ascertainment and diagnostic changes do not explain the weight-specific increases in incidence, these results provide the first population-level evidence for a new epidemic.

Download Full-text

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A single-institution experience of patient outcomes.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. 271-271

Author(s):

Ryan James Chan ◽

Rasna Gupta ◽

Sindu Mary Kanjeekal ◽

Mohammed Jarrar ◽

Amin Kay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

International Prognostic Index ◽

Prognostic Index ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Cancer Program ◽

Large B Cell

271 Background: The Windsor Regional Cancer Program (WRCP) was determined to have consistently been a top performer in time to treatment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma in this Canadian province (http://www.csqi.on.ca/by_type_of_cancer/lymphoma/lymphoma_treatment/). We endeavored to determine whether faster time to diagnosis and treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) influenced the IPI score (International Prognostic Score), thereby predicting an improved clinical outcome in these presenting patients. Methods: The WRCP services a catchment area of 650,000 people. A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients diagnosed with DLBCL at the Windsor Regional Cancer Program (WRCP) between 2006-2012. Information collected included the five factors for scoring by the International Prognostic Index (IPI) – age, performance status, LDH, stage, and number of extranodal sites – chemotherapy regimen, relapses, existence of second malignancies, cause of death, and dates of diagnosis, last follow-up, and death. We analyzed the relationship between prognostic factors and these clinical outcomes, and also compared the IPI scores for this cohort of patients against a similar population in another Canadian province, British Columbia. Results: It is established that compared to other cancer centres in Ontario, the WRCP is consistently reporting a shorter diagnosis to treatment metric when compared to their counterparts in Ontario, Canada. When compared to historical Canadian data, presenting IPI scores for DLBCL patients were lower on average for patients treated at the WRCP than those reported in British Columbia, Canada by Sehn et al. [Sehn, L. H., et al. (2007). The revised International Prognostic Index is a better predictor of outcome than the standard IPI for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP. Blood, 109(5), 1857-1861.]. Conclusions: A lower presenting IPI score is known to be correlated improved lymphoma related outcome. With attention to the metric of diagnosis to treatment < 30 days for diffuse large B cell lymphoma, we expect an improved lymphoma related outcome for our patients. We recommend ongoing attention to this metric, in order to improve outcomes for our patients.

Download Full-text

Disabled Peers and Academic Achievement

Education Finance and Policy ◽

10.1162/edfp_a_00003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 317-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Jane Friesen ◽

Ross Hickey ◽

Brian Krauth

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effect ◽

Academic Achievement ◽

British Columbia ◽

Grade Level ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Test Score ◽

Value Added ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Disabled Students ◽

Endogenous Selection

We use data on students in grades 4–7 in the Canadian province of British Columbia to investigate the effect of having disabled peers on value-added exam outcomes. Longitudinal data for multiple cohorts of students are used together with school-by-grade-level fixed effects to account for endogenous selection into schools. Our estimates suggest that same-grade peers with learning and behavioral disabilities have an adverse effect on the test score gains of nondisabled students in British Columbia. However, these effects are statistically insignificant and are sufficiently small that they are unlikely to raise concerns about the placement of this group of disabled students. The effect of peers with other disabilities is also small and statistically insignificant but varies in sign.

Download Full-text

The Enduring Legacy of ‘Reckless Disregard’

Common Law World Review ◽

10.1350/clwr.2005.34.4.316 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 316-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

David McArdle

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Common Law ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Personal Injury ◽

Duty Of Care ◽

Canadian Province ◽

England And Wales ◽

Appeal Decision ◽

The Impact ◽

Court Of Appeal

Personal injury at common law has spawned many cases where sports participants have inflicted injury either upon other participants or upon spectators/bystanders. This paper is not an exhaustive analysis of those ‘sports torts' cases but focuses instead upon the impact of Wooldridge v Sumner, a Court of Appeal decision that was legally sound but based upon highly significant errors of fact, and which has subsequently been advanced before the courts in two jurisdictions as authority for untenable propositions that concern both the standard of care and the duty of care owed by sports participants. While a consideration of the authorities prior to Wooldridge illustrates that there was never a basis at common law for the argument that either the standard or the duty of care differed from that pertaining in non-sporting contexts, the case has been appropriated by counsel in order to argue along those lines even though Wooldridge is not authority for either proposition. On some occasions those arguments have actually received the support of the courts of England and Wales and of the Canadian Province of British Columbia. Despite the existence in both jurisdictions of more recent authorities that ought to have heralded the demise of both concepts, they have proved remarkably tenacious.

Download Full-text

Defusing Technology:Technology Diffusion in British Columbia

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462300003020 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 46-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arminée Kazanjian ◽

Kathryn Friesen

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Historical Data ◽

Current Data ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Data Sets ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Data Set ◽

Time Periods ◽

Institutional Profile ◽

Areas Of Interest

AbstractIn order to explore the diffusion of the selected technologies in one Canadian province (British Columbia), two administrative data sets were analyzed. The data included over 40 million payment records for each fiscal year on medical services provided to British Columbia residents (2,968,769 in 1988) and information on physical facilities, services, and personnel from 138 hospitals in the province. Three specific time periods were examined in each data set, starting with 1979–80 and ending with the most current data available at the time. The detailed retrospective analysis of laboratory and imaging technologies provides historical data in three areas of interest: (a) patterns of diffusion and volume of utilization, (b) institutional profile, and (c) provider profile. The framework for the analysis focused, where possible, on the examination of determinants of diffusion that may be amenable to policy influence.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of Latent TB Screening and Treatment in People Initiating Dialysis in British Columbia, Canada

Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease ◽

10.1177/2054358120937104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 205435812093710

Author(s):

Kamila Romanowski ◽

Caren Rose ◽

Victoria J. Cook ◽

Inna Sekirov ◽

Muhammad Morshed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

High Risk ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽

High Risk Population ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Latent Tb

Background: People undergoing chronic dialysis are at an increased risk of active tuberculosis (TB). In 2012, the Canadian province of British Columbia began systematically screening people initiating dialysis for latent TB using interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), and treating when appropriate. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare active TB rate in people who initiated dialysis and were screened using an IGRA compared with those not screened during the same period. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: British Columbia (BC), a Canadian province of 5.0 million people with an active TB incidence of 5.1 per 100 000 population. Participants: All people in BC who initiated at least 90 days of dialysis between January 2012 and May 2017 were included in the study. People were excluded if they were <18 years of age or had a prior history of active TB diagnosis or treatment for latent TB. Methods: A retrospective cohort was created of British Columbians who initiated dialysis between 2012 and 2017. Individuals were stratified into a screened and nonscreened group. Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine the association between latent TB screening and the development of active TB. The primary outcome was incident active TB, either microbiologically confirmed or clinically diagnosed. Results: Of the 3190 people included in the study, 1790 (56.1%) were screened, of which 152 (8.5%) initiated latent TB treatment postscreening. During follow-up, incident active TB was diagnosed in 6 (0.3%) of the 1790 people screened, compared with 11 (0.8%) of the 1400 people who received no screening. In multivariable analysis, latent TB screening and treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of active TB (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.3, 95% confidence interval = 0.1-0.8; P < .01). Limitations: This was an observational retrospective study and the potential for unmeasured confounding should be carefully assessed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that systematically screening and treating people initiating dialysis can significantly decrease the rate of active TB in this high-risk population. Given the importance of screening high-risk groups, the results from this analysis could inform scale-up of TB screening in dialysis programs in other low incidence regions. Trial registration is not applicable as this was a retrospective cohort analysis and not a randomized trial.

Download Full-text

Adoption Reunion Services in British Columbia

Adoption & Fostering ◽

10.1177/030857599602000208 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 36-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Perlita Harris

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Key Issues

Five years have passed since an adoption reunion registry was finally established in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Perlita Harris, a former counsellor with this ‘active’ registry, examines the findings of a recent study evaluating its practice. She also highlights some of the key issues that are important for consideration in the development of services in Britain.

Download Full-text

What Happens When Municipalities Set Targets to Reduce Their Greenhouse Gas Emissions?

Journal of Planning Education and Research ◽

10.1177/0739456x17741716 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 44-55

Author(s):

Mark Stevens ◽

Maged Senbel

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Future Research ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Target Setting ◽

Gas Emissions

We study the process of setting targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in municipalities within the Canadian province of British Columbia. Our findings are based on a survey of municipal planners and administrators regarding different features of the process their municipality followed to set targets. We find that the type of process a municipality follows has potential implications for both the ambitiousness of their targets and the likelihood of targets being achieved. Future research can monitor and evaluate which types of targets and target-setting processes prove more effective for fostering actual reductions in municipal emissions.

Download Full-text

Population segments as a tool for health care performance reporting: an exploratory study in the Canadian province of British Columbia

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-020-01141-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Julia M. Langton ◽

Sabrina T. Wong ◽

Fred Burge ◽

Alexandra Choi ◽

Niloufar Ghaseminejad-Tafreshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

British Columbia ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Performance Reporting ◽

Health Care Performance ◽

Care Performance

Download Full-text

Regional Disparity in Modern First Nations’ Treaty-Making

SURG Journal ◽

10.21083/surg.v5i1.1442 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Anthony Gatensby

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

First Nations ◽

Regional Disparity ◽

Land Claims ◽

Canadian Province ◽

Land Mass ◽

Do So

First Nations’ self-government treaties have arisen solely in British Columbia, to the exclusion of every other Canadian province. At first glance, the amount of historical treaties enacted in what is now Ontario prevents new claims from being pursued. Therefore, the assumption exists that because the majority of British Columbia’s land mass was never formally ceded to the Crown, the opportunity to do so has now presented itself. However, identifying the amount of historical treaties as the sole influence over the contemporary process of land claims is an assumption that excludes the importance of regional circumstances in emerging self-government treaties. Therefore, the intention of this paper is to establish that this assumption is inadequate, and that regionalism better explains the historical, political, legal, and geographical reasons why First Nations’ self-government has surfaced exclusively in BC.

Download Full-text