SEM Observations on Wear Mechanism of TiN–Coated HSS Twist Drills When Drilling Mild Steel

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Talib ◽  
S. Saad ◽  
M. R. M. Toff ◽  
A. H. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Twist Drills

Dalam kajian ini, haus mekanikal Keluli Laju Tinggi (KLT) telah dikaji dengan menjalankan ujian prestasi gerudi ke atas bahan kerja diperbuat daripada keluli lembut. Salutan TiN ke atas HSS twist drills diperolehi dengan menggunakan kaedah bertindak balas frekuensi radio pemercitan magnetron yang mana dibangunkan secara dalaman. Ujian prestasi gerudi dijalankan pada kelajuan pusingan 1,600 psm, kadar suapan 20 mm/minit dengan kedalaman penggerudian 25 mm. Perubahan morfologi permukaan haus diperhatikan dengan menggunakan kaedah Kemikroskopan Imbasan Elektron (KEI). Keputusan morfologi menunjukkan mekanisme rekatan dan haba beroperasi semasa proses penggerudian. Kertas kerja ini juga akan membincangkan secara mendalam proses penjanaan mekanisme haus rekatan dan haba semasa penggerudian gerudi piuhan ke atas plat keluli lembut. Keputusan ujian prestasi gerudi menunjukkan salutan TiN terendap ke atas KLT gerudi piuhan telah meningkatkan umur gerudi melebihi dua kali ganda jika dibandingkan dengan gerudi yang tidak bersalut. Kata kunci: Gerudi KLT, KEI, mekanisme haus, rekatan, haba In this study, High Speed Steel (HSS) twist drills were investigated for mechanical wear by performing drilling test on the work piece of mild steel plate. TiN coatings onto the HSS twist drills were achieved by employing reactive radio frequency (r.f) magnetron sputtering technique, which was developed in–house. The drilling performance tests were set at a rotation speed of 1,600 rpm, feed rate of 20 mm/min, and depth of cut of 25 mm. The morphological changes of the wear surface were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results of morphological examination showed that the failure mechanisms in operation during drilling were found to be adhesive and thermal wear mechanism. This paper will also discuss explicitly the processes of adhesive and thermal wear mechanism generated during drilling of twist drill on mild steel plate. Results of drilling performance test showed that the TiN coating deposited on the HSS twist drill had improved drill life by more than 2 times as compared with uncoated drill. Key words: HSS drill, SEM, wear mechanism, adhesive, thermal

scholarly journals Thermal Investigation on Coated and Uncoated HSS Twist Drill using ANSYS Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2032-2039
Author(s):  
Bhagyashri Dilip Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Average Rise

Abstract: In drilling, a cylindrical hole is produced in workpiece, removing the material inside the workpiece. The cutting tool used in drilling operation is called ‘Twist Drill’; it rotates and allows the material to be removed from the workpiece in the form of chips and thus drill the hole. Cutting fluids or coolants are used to perform this operation smoothly. The coating on the drill bits helps to reduce friction in the cut and the heat buildup in the drill bit. Coating also helps in protecting against corrosion. The present work focuses on the features of uncoated High Speed Steel (HSS) Twist Drill bit and Titanium Nitride (TiN) and Titanium Aluminium Nitride (TiAlN) coated on HSS Drills. The workpiece material was Mild Steel and the drilling operation was done using normal machining condition i.e. in presence of coolant. The cutting parameters used are cutting speed (35.5 m / min), spindle speed (1500 rpm), feed rate (0.2 mm / rev.), depth of cut (10 mm). These parameters were kept constant. Temperatures were measured with the help of thermal imaging camera and with the help of ANSYS software thermal analysis were done. Experimental results showed that the average rise in temperature of uncoated HSS tool was higher as compared to TiN coated and TiAlN coated HSS tools. TiAlN coated drills showed the least average rise in temperature. Keywords: High Speed Steel (HSS) Drill, TiN and TiAlN Coated HSS Twist Drill, Mild Steel (MS), Thermal Analysis, ANSYS Software.

New Experiments on the Temperature Distribution in Drilling

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thangaraj ◽  
P. K. Wright ◽  
M. Nissle
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Aisi 1045 Steel ◽  
Aisi 1045 ◽  
1045 Steel ◽  
Twist Drills

Using metallographic and microhardness techniques, temperature distributions have been determined in twist drills. The methods rely on the fact that certain high speed steel materials exhibit microstructural changes when subjected to temperatures greater than 600°C. Quick-stop specimens have also been obtained to study the metal flow patterns over the drill flutes. These results have been used to comment on the different wear mechanisms that affect the performance of a twist drill. Preliminary results show that bulk plastic flow occurs near the margin of the drill where the temperatures are in the vicinity of 900°C when machining AISI 1045 steel at 40 m/min.

Study of the Wear of Drills in Dry Drilling of NM360 Steels

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2169-2172
Author(s):  
Ming San Xu ◽  
Ji Bin Jiang ◽  
Guang Cun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Edge Wear ◽  
Steel Cutting

According to the characteristics of NM360, a contrast experiment for drilling performance in YG8 cemented carbide twist drill, high-speed steel twist drill and factories used in coating the ordinary high-speed steel twist drill has been done. Using microscope to observe tool wear, we found that the flank wear and chisel edge wear are the main wear of the drill. The carbide tools has a better ability of resistance to plastic deformation, abrasive wear and adhesive wear than high-speed steel cutting tools. The coating tools are better to resist abrasive wear and adhesive wear than uncoated tools.Deformation of carbide cutting tools, abrasive wear, ability than high-speed steel cutting tools.

scholarly journals Recent advances in twist drill design for composite machining: A critical review

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (14) ◽  
pp. 2527-2542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail ◽  
Hom Nath Dhakal ◽  
Eric Dimla ◽  
Ivan Popov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Twist Drills ◽  
Composite Drilling ◽  
Drill Design

In the field of composite technology, inefficient and poor designs of twist drills contribute immensely to the challenges facing drilling of composite materials. An attempt to report some of the drill design methods and their inherent challenges confronting composite machining necessitates the writing of this article. A critical review has been conducted to offer a clear understanding of the current advances in the field of mechanical drilling of composite materials, focusing on geometry, material and parametric tool designs. The inter-dependable effects of thrust force, cutting speed, feed rate, cutting force and torque on drill design are similarly reviewed. This article also reveals other associated issues facing composite drilling including delamination, surface roughness, rapid tool wear and drill breakage. Well-designed drill geometry and good knowledge of drilling parameters afford the producers of polycrystalline diamond, carbide and high-speed steel tooling materials better opportunity of developing a drill that will minimise delamination of the reinforced composites and tool wear and produce a high-quality surface. Twist drill manufacturers and users will benefit from this article as they seek to have well-designed and improved drills.

AISI TYPE T5

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
High Production ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Twist Drills

Abstract AISI Type T5 is a tungsten high-speed steel to which cobalt (8.9%) is added to provide high and unusual red hardness. It is particularly well adapted for heavy-duty cutting and high-production cutting tools. Because of its high red hardness, a cutting edge can be maintained under conditions of speed, feed and depth of cut that would not be possible with ordinary high-speed steels. Typical applications of AISI Type T5 are lathe and planer tools, reamers, milling cutters and twist drills for heavy-duty cutting. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and hardness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-389. Producer or source: Tool steel mills.

Study on the Complex Tools Coating Technology by EDM

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Yu Fang ◽  
Zhen Long Wang ◽  
Wan Sheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Milling Cutter ◽  
Twist Drills

A kind of new complex tools coating technology by EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) is studied in this paper. Firstly the principle of this technology is discussed. In order to meet the coating requirement of the high-speed steel twist drill, milling cutter or other complex tools, a set of coating device is designed and fabricated secondly, and the tools with different dimension are coated successfully by this device. Finally the performance evaluation of coated twist drills is carried out through the drilling test.

Study on the Effects of the Geometrical Parameter of Twist Drill on the Drilling Performance of Stainless Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 2251-2254
Author(s):  
Xing Jun Gao ◽  
Ping Zou ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Hong He Gao
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Edge Length ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Twist Drills

The key geometrical parameters of twist drills that had a great effect on the drilling performance of stainless steel were studied by Pro/E and DEFORM-3D softwares. The influence of chisel edge and tip angle of twist drill on the drilling force, torque and tool wear in the drilling process was researched, and meantime the effects were introduced by shortened the chisel edge length or adopted S-shape helical drill points as well. The tip angle of drill bit that affected the main cutting edge length, the cutting load on unit length, the proportion between cutting width and cutting thickness in the cutting lay, the cutting force, the torque, the chip formation and chip removal was introduced in detail. The choice of tip angle of twist drill was introduced. In drilling, it has important instructional significance for improvement of life of drill bit, advancement of productivity of drilling and processing quality of hole.

Geometry, specification, and drilling performance of a plane rake faced drill point design

2010 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q Zhang ◽  
J Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Drilling Force ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Life Tests ◽  
Drill Point ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Twist Drills

A study of a modified drill point design with plane rake faces is presented. The critical geometries that uniquely define the drill point design are analysed based on the international standard. The study shows that the modified drill design yields positive normal rake angle on the entire lips and point relieving in the chisel edge region. An experimental study of drilling a high tensile steel using 7–13 mm high-speed steel (HSS) drills with titanium nitride (TiN) coatings has been carried out to assess the new drill point design. It shows that the modified plane rake faced (PRF) drills can reduce the thrust force by as much as 46.9 per cent with an average of 23.8 per cent, as compared to the conventional twist drills under the corresponding cutting conditions, while the reduction in torque is also significant with the maximum of 24.9 per cent. These drilling performance improvements are comparable to those from using the multi-facet drills that were claimed as one of the most heartening drill developments in several decades for drilling force reduction, while the PRF drills can be easily sharpened using the conventional twist drill grinders. The drill-life tests amply demonstrate the superiority of the PRF drills over the conventional twist drills.

Study of the Damage of Drills in Dry Drilling of NM360 Steels

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming San Xu ◽  
Ji Bin Jiang ◽  
Shou Jin Zeng
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Main Factor

According to the characteristics of NM360, a contrast experiment for drilling performance in YG8 cemented carbide twist drill, high-speed steel twist drill and factories used in coating the ordinary high-speed steel twist drill has been done. Using microscope to observe the damage of drills, we found that form this experiment some causation in tool invalidation that tool breakage is main factor for the high-speed steel drill bits, brittle fracture is main factor for carbide drill bits. Brittle carbide cutting tools, feed speed too much impact load is too large, causing the blade fracture. As the tool edge wedge angle is too small, poor edge strength, easy chipping, edge wedge angle can not be too small.

WEAR MECHANISM OF TICN AND TIALN COATED DRILL IN DRILLING OF CARBON STEEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Talib ◽  
S. M. Firdaus ◽  
N. I. Ismail ◽  
M. Hisyam Basri ◽  
H. M. Ariff
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy Examination ◽  
Spindle Rotation ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Twist Drills ◽  
Microscopy Examination ◽  
Microstructural Examination

TiCN and TiAlN coated twist drills were subjected to drilling tests to investigate the failure mechanisms during drilling operation. The drilling tests were performed on a carbon steel plate with a thickness of 25 mm and the depth of drill was set at 20 mm. The drill performance parameters were set at a spindle rotation of 1,600 rpm and feed rate of 20 mm/min. Each sample was then subjected to Scanning Electron Microscopy examination to investigate the wear mechanisms operated during drilling. Microstructural examination showed that the abrasion, adhesion and thermal wear mechanisms are operated during drilling process.

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