Kecekapan Teknik Firma Usahawan Melayu Dalam Sektor Perkhidmatan

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorasiah Sulaiman ◽  
Rahmah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Government

Kewujudan usahawan Melayu adalah selaras dengan dasar kerajaan untuk mewujudkan Masyarakat Perdagangan dan Perindustrian Bumiputera (MPPB), yang telah diberi penekanan dalam tempoh Dasar Ekonomi Baru (DEB), 1971–1990. Usahawan Melayu merupakan komponen terbesar usahawan Bumiputera. Walaupun banyak kelebihan dan kemudahan yang diperolehi usahawan Melayu, terutamanya dari pihak kerajaan, kebanyakan mereka masih lagi beroperasi pada tahap yang kurang cekap. Usahawan Melayu dikatakan sering menghadapi masalah dalam menjalankan perniagaan seperti kekurangan modal, kekurangan kemahiran, menggunakan teknologi lapuk dan saluran pemasaran yang terhad. Artikel ini bertujuan mengukur kecekapan teknik 294 firma perkhidmatan milik usahawan Melayu yang telah ditemubual menggunakan borang soal selidik pada 2001/2002 di seluruh Semenanjung Malaysia. Mereka terlibat dalam pelbagai aktiviti perkhidmatan yang boleh dikategorikan kepada empat subsektor yang besar. Dalam mengukur kecekapan teknik, kaedah Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) digunakan. Selanjutnya artikel ini bertujuan mengenal pasti faktor penentu tahap kecekapan teknik. Bagi tujuan ini, tahap kecekapan teknik dianggarkan terhadap pemboleh ubah bebas seperti tahap pendidikan pengusaha, penggunaan komputer, saiz firma, peratus perbelanjaan latihan dan peratus perbelanjaan penyelidikan dan pembangunan menggunakan pendekatan model Tobit. Kajian mendapati kebanyakan firma perkhidmatan Melayu beroperasi pada tahap kecekapan yang masih rendah. Selanjutnya kajian ini mendapati tahap penggunaan komputer adalah faktor penentu penting tahap kecekapan teknik firma perkhidmatan milik usahawan Melayu ini. Kata kunci: Data Envelopment Analysis, kecekapan teknik, skor kecekapan, usahawan Melayu, sektor perkhidmatan The emergence of Malay entrepreneurs is in tandem with government policy to create Bumiputera Commerce and Industrial Community (BCIC), which had been emphasized during the New Economic Policy (NEP), 1971–1990. The Malays form major component of Bumiputera entrepreneurs. Despite of many privileges received by the Malay entrepreneurs, especially from the government, they are still less efficient. The Malay entrepreneurs have more frequently encountered problems such as lack of fund, lack of skilled workers, obsolete technology and limited marketing channel. This paper attempts to measure technical efficiency of 294 Malay firms in the services sector surveyed in 2001/2002 in Peninsular Malaysia. They were involved in several types of services industries which can be categorized into four large subsectors. This study adopts Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in measuring technical efficiency. Further, this paper aims to examine the determinants of efficiency by estimating level of technical efficiency as a function of entrepreneursí education level, level of computer utilization, firm size, percentage of training expenditure and research and development expenditure. The estimation used Tobit Model. The results from this study show that the majority of Malay firms are still less efficient. Further, the result shows that computer usage is an important determinant of level of efficiency for the Malay firms in the services sector. Key words: Data Envelopment Analysis, technical efficiency, efficiency score, Malay entrepreneur, services sector

scholarly journals Performance Assessment Based on the Relative Efficiency of Indian Opencast Coal Mines Using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Productivity Index

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4902
Author(s):  
Biswaranjita Mahapatra ◽  
Chandan Bhar ◽  
Sandeep Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Using Data

Coal is the primary source of energy in India. Despite being the second-largest coal-producingcountry, there exists a significant difference in demand and production in India. In this study, the relativeefficiency of twenty-eight selected opencast mines from a large public sector undertaking coal companyin India for 2018–2019 was assessed and ranked by using data envelopment analysis (DEA). This studyused input-oriented DEA with efficiency decomposition to pure technical efficiency, technical efficiency,and scale efficiency. The result showed that 25% and 36% of mines were efficient in technical efficiencyand pure technical efficiency, respectively, whereas the eight mines scale efficiency was inefficient witha decreasing return to scale. Further, in this study, theMalmquist Productivity Index (MPI)was employedto measure the efficiency of the selected mines for three consecutive years (2016–2017 to 2018–2019).The result shows that in only three mines the efficiency is continuously improving from 2016–2017 to2018–2019, whereas in more than 20% of mines the efficiency score is decreasing. Comparing theMPIefficiency and productivity assessment throughout the years, changes in innovation and technology areincreasing from 2017–2018 to 2018–2019. Finally, the study concluded with a comprehensive evaluationof each variable with mines performance. The author formulated the strategies, which in turn help coalprofessionals to improve the efficiency of the mine.

Measurement of Technical and Scale Efficiency of Dairy Farms in Pune District of Maharashtra: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technical Efficiency Score

The present study intended to determine the technical and scale efficiency of sample dairy farms for evaluating their performance. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique was used to estimate the technical and scale efficiency of 80 each of member and nonmember dairy farms in the Pune district of Maharashtra state during 2019. Technical efficiency score further partitioned into pure technical efficiency and overall technical efficiency. The technical efficiency score was more for member dairy farms as compared to the non-members under the assumption of constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS). It highlighted that the non-members of dairy cooperatives had more potential to reduce the input use without affecting the output level compared to the member group. It was also observed that the technical efficiency under the CRS assumption was more than VRS for both member and non-member groups. It revealed that the farms were scaled inefficient (SE<1) and not operating at optimal scale. The study further revealed a positive relationship between technical efficiency and herd size. It also revealed that the resource-saving potential due to the scale effect. So, it supported the policy of providing technical advice on the use of feed and fodder resources, better management practices, and increasing the herd size to increase the technical and scale efficiency.

scholarly journals Measurement of Technical Efficiency of Durian Production in Thailand: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Surakiat Parichatnon ◽  
Kamonthip Maichum ◽  
Ke-Chung Peng
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Technical Efficiency Score

<div><p><em>The purpose of this paper is to investigate and measure the technical efficiency of durian production in each province of Thailand using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) during the period 2012-2016. The findings indicate that the technical efficiency of Thai durian production revealed favorable results from 2012 to 2016 but still needs to be improved since the technical efficiency score is not close to 1.000. On the other hand, Chanthaburi province had the highest mean efficiency score and was recognized as the best province for Thai durian production. Moreover, the study found that Phuket province had lowest mean technical efficiency score of Thai durian production, which therefore should be increased the quantity of the outputs and inputs. Therefore, the results of this study can provide important information to farmers, agricultural planners and government agencies to help increase the technical efficiency levels of durian production in Thailand.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Data Envelopment Analysis and Panel Regression in Analysing Technical Efficiency and Its Determinants of the Palm Oil Products-Based Manufacturing Subsector

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2095-2107
Author(s):  
Noorasiah Sulaiman ◽  
Rahmah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Technical Efficiency Score

This study measures the technical efficiency score of the manufacturing sector of the palm oil products-based subsector in Malaysia and investigates the major determinants that influence efficiency. Based on the Industrial Manufacturing Survey, this study explores the data from 2000 to 2015 over sixteen years, with a total of eleven subsectors of palm oil products-based. The first stage of the study is carried out with a data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate the technical efficiency score, which is considered a dependent variable. The second stage of the study uses a panel regression model to examine the determinants of efficiency comprise the variable capital-labour ratio, research and development, information communication technology, training, and skilled labour. The study findings show that most of the palm oil products-based subsectors are not operating efficiently. Skilled labour, technical and supervisory, and professional is one of the main determinants contributing to the efficiency level. The variable capital-labour ratio though significant, but harms the efficiency level. The moderating effects show that skilled technical and supervisory workers relatively affect the food industry’s efficiency larger than the non-food industry. Therefore, the industry still has room to improve efficiency by utilising input efficiently. Moreover, the efforts involve organisational management, equipped appropriate technology and related factors that will improve efficiency, increase productivity and competitiveness of palm oil products-based industries.

scholarly journals Technical Efficiency of Public Service Hospitals in Indonesia: A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Sonny Harmadi ◽  
Irwandy Irwandy
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Public Accounting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

In order to promote efficiency and the development of hospitals’ services, the Government of Indonesia has issued specific policy which require all of the government-owned hospitals to be managed based on the principals applied in public services agency (Badan Layanan Umum/Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLU/BLUD)). The policy of BLU/BLUD is to grant each hospital authorization in managing their funds and resources under the principles of public accounting. Unfortunately, not all government-owned hospitals were granted BLU/BLUD authorization, especially hospitals outside of Jakarta, because local government did not wish to lose one of their main income. The main focus of this research is to calculate the efficiency of the hospitals of which have been granted BLU/BLUD, since one of the main purposes of BLU/BLUD is to provide high quality and efficient health care to the public. The measurement of hospitals’ efficiency is not an easy thing to do, since there are so many inputs and outputs that were related to each other. Which is why, this research is measuring the efficiency level using the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) which is able to provide efficiency calculation with multiple inputs and outputs. With the total samples of 82 BLU/BLUD hospitals, this research concluded that the average of hospital’s efficiency score is still on the level of 78.9 % out of 100%. 

scholarly journals EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI DI KABUPATEN KARAWANG DENGAN PENDEKATAN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
Fajar Firmana ◽  
Rita Nurmalina ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Efficiency is an important aspect for farmer that can be used as a measuring tools to make a decision regarding production among available options. There are many different types of efficiency on the farm businesses level, technical efficiency is the one important to note. The objectives of this research is (1) to describe the farming techniques and the use of paddy production inputs, (2) to evaluate the technical efficiency of paddy farm, and (3) to identify the factors that influence the technical efficiency of paddy farms in Kalibuaya Village, Telagasari district, Karawang regency. To analyze the data, data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach and tobit regression are applied. In 2014 growing season, farmers were did not use the inputs in the right amount as being recommended by the instructor, such as the use of seed and fertilizer. The use of Urea, NPK, and labor had the largest percentage of input slacks when compared to the other production inputs. Farmers could reduce the use of urea by 19,173 kg, NPK by 19,319 kg, and labor by 1,385 HOK to make the paddy farm technically efficient. One of the factors that can greatly influence the improvement of farming technical efficiency is the socio-economic factors. Factors that affecting the technical efficiency of paddy farm in Kalibuaya Village were the age, the level of formal education, the use of organic fertilizers, and farming experience. Using the right amount of inputs as recommended by the government can improve the efficiency of paddy farm.

scholarly journals A Robust Data Envelopment Analysis for Evaluating Technical Efficiency of Indonesian High Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
U. Mahmudah ◽  
S. Suhartono ◽  
A. D. Rohayana
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
School Education ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Average Efficiency

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the technical efficiency of high school education in Indonesia by applying Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is the most frequently used to measure the efficiency scores. However, this study uses a robust approach to face the complex problem of the traditional DEA, which may lead to biased results. Besides, it is a powerful approach to estimate technical efficiency when outliers contaminate the data set. Statistical data from general senior secondary schools in the period 2015/2016 is analyzed, using 34 provinces as decision-making units (DMUs), with eight input and six output variables. The results indicate that the average efficiency score of Indonesia’s major political subdivisions in managing high school education is 0.936. Furthermore, as many as 32.35 percents of provinces achieve efficient performances, with an efficiency score equal to one, while 17 provinces have above average efficiency scores.  The results also indicate that efficiency scores from robust data envelopment analysis provide better accuracy. Overall, application of robust data envelopment analysis (RDEA) is appropriate for measuring the efficiency of provincial performance in organizing secondary education.

scholarly journals Significant inefficiency in running community health systems: The case of health posts in Southwest Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246559
Author(s):  
Kiddus Yitbarek ◽  
Gelila Abraham ◽  
Melkamu Berhane ◽  
Sarah Hurlburt ◽  
Carlyn Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia ◽  
Technical Efficiency Score

Background Although much has been documented about the performance of the health extension program, there is a lack of information on how efficiently the program is running. Furthermore, the rising cost of health services and the absence of competition among publicly owned health facilities demands strong follow up of efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the technical efficiency of the health posts and determinants in Southwestern Ethiopia. Methods and materials We used data for one Ethiopian fiscal year (from July 2016 to June 2017) to estimate the technical efficiency of health posts. A total of 66 health posts were included in the analysis. We employed a two-stage data envelopment analysis to estimate technical efficiency. At the first stage, technical efficiency scores were calculated using data envelopment analysis program version 2.1. Predictors of technical efficiency were then identified at the second stage using Tobit regression, with STATA version 14. Results The findings revealed that 21.2% were technically efficient with a mean technical efficiency score of 0.6 (± 0.3), indicating that health posts could increase their service volume by 36% with no change made to the inputs they received. On the other hand, health posts had an average scale efficiency score of 0.8 (± 0.2) implying that the facilities have the potential to increase service volume by 16% with the existing resources. The regression model has indicated average waiting time for service has negatively affected technical efficiency. Conclusion More than three-quarters of health posts were found inefficient. The technical efficiency score of more than one-third of the health posts is even less than 50%. Community mobilization to enhance the uptake of health services at the health posts coupled with a possible reallocation of resources in less efficient health posts is a possible approach to improve the efficiency of the program.

scholarly journals TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-283
Author(s):  
Rozita Baba ◽  
Zulkefly Abdul Karim ◽  
Mariani Abdul-Majid ◽  
Noorasiah Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary School Student ◽  
Efficiency Score ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
National Education

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of technical efficiency of Malaysia’s secondary education. Education efficiency has become an important issue since the education sector is the recipient of high priority budget allocation. An evaluation of whether the budget distribution for secondary education is technically efficient is necessary because secondary education represents almost 40% of the national education budget.    Methodology: The study applied the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in examining the level of technical efficiency for a sample of 626 secondary schools from four selected states, namely, Selangor, Melaka, Kedah, and Terengganu. The sample was further split into schools from developed and less developed states, and urban and rural areas.     Findings:  The results revealed that secondary schools in the four sample states were technically inefficient (almost 98%).  Most schools were at a moderate level of technical efficiency (score range between 0.5-0.79). Interestingly, schools in rural areas and less-developed states showed better technical efficiency than those in urban areas and developed states. Given the government's total expenditure, academic achievement could be increased by almost 30 percent with an improvement in inefficiency.   Contributions: The study's fundamental implications are that inefficient secondary schools need to increase their efficiency by ensuring effective budget spending and adequate expenditure distribution monitoring. More schools need to be constructed or repaired, and old schools/buildings upgraded. The sector also needs to expedite compliance with the 17:1 student-teacher ratio set by the Education Ministry to improve teaching delivery quality.   Keywords: Data envelopment analysis, government spending, secondary school, student and teacher ratio, technical efficiency.   Cite as: Baba, R., Abdul Karim, Z., Abdul-Majid, M., & Sulaiman, N. (2021). Technical efficiency of secondary schools in Malaysia.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 265-283. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp265-283

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