Type of Music Associated with Relaxation Based on EEG Signal Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhanis Izzati Che Marzuki ◽  
Nasrul Humaimi Mahmood ◽  
Norlaili Mat Safri
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Alpha Frequency ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Being There ◽  
Musical Sounds ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Eeg Signal Analysis

Music is the science and the art of tones, or the musical sounds. Music is also the art of combining tones in a manner to please the ear. Music therapy is the planned and creative use of music to attain and maintain health and well–being. There are a lot of experimental efforts to understand musical processing in the brain using electroencephalogram (EEG). It is accepted that listening to music increases the theta and alpha bands power that is associated to increase relaxation. In this study, we are interested to find the type of music that can produce such state of mind by analysing the EEG power spectrum in those frequency bands. 4 types of music were investigated, i.e. sound of instrumental piano, sound of wave, sound of birds and sound of nature. As the result, 71.4% of subjects were able to achieved highest power spectral density in theta and alpha frequency bands while listening to sound of instrumental piano and sound of nature while only 28.6–42.9% of subjects were able to produce the same while listening to sound of wave and sound of bird. From the finding, it can be concluded that sound of instrumental piano and sound of nature increase relaxation as indicated by the increase of PSD in the theta/alpha frequency bands compared to the sound of wave and sound of bird.

scholarly journals Quantification of EEG Brain Activity in the Self-Paced Regime

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joana Silva ◽  
A. Martins Da Silva ◽  
Luís Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Automatic Quantification ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Cerebral Activity ◽  
Cognitive Information ◽  
Specific Frequency ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

The processing of motor, sensory and cognitive information by the brain can result in changes of the electroencephalogram (EEG) by Event Related Desynchronization (ERD) or Event Related Synchronization (ERS). The first one concerns a decrease in the amplitude of a rhythmic activity while the second corresponds to its increase. The analysis of these two phenomena in specific frequency bands - alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (14-30 Hz) - allows the understanding of the cerebral activity. This study focuses on the quantification of cerebral activity by determining the ERD and ERS on the referred band, induced by self-paced movements, by using EEGLAB and MATLAB tools. This was achieved by the creation of a new and automatic quantification algorithm. The results indicate that a greater desynchronization of the signal is accompanied by a decrease in the amplitude of the same. As a conclusion, the cerebral activity varies in terms of synchronization and desynchronization among certain frequency bands in several zones, according to the tasks performed.

MONOTONOUS TASKS AND ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION EFFECTS ON THE BRAIN BY EEG ANALYSIS USING NEURAL NETWORKS

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 1250015 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN KARUNGARU ◽  
TOSHIHIRO YOSHIDA ◽  
TORU SEO ◽  
MINORU FUKUMI ◽  
KENJI TERADA
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Eeg Signal Analysis

An analysis of the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals while performing a monotonous task and drinking alcohol using principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for feature extraction and Neural Networks (NNs) for classification is proposed. The EEG is captured while performing a monotonous task that can adversely affect the brain and possibly cause stress. Moreover, we investigate the effects of alcohol on the brain by capturing the data continuously after consumption of equal amounts of alcohol. We hope that our work will shed more light on the relationship between such actions and EEG, and investigate if there is any relation between the tasks and mental stress. EEG signals offers a rare look at brain activity, while, monotonous activities are well known to cause irritation which may contribute to mental stress. We apply PCA and LDA to characterize the change in each component, extract it and discriminate using a NN. After experiments, it was found that PCA and LDA are effective analysis methods in EEG signal analysis.

Imagined Temporal Groupings Tune Oscillatory Neural Activity for Processing Rhythmic Sounds

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 172-188
Author(s):  
Brandon T. Paul ◽  
Per B. Sederberg ◽  
Lawrence L. Feth
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Complex Sound ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Hierarchical Timing ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

Temporal patterns within complex sound signals, such as music, are not merely processed after they are heard. We also focus attention to upcoming points in time to aid perception, contingent upon regularities we perceive in the sounds’ inherent rhythms. Such organized predictions are endogenously maintained as meter — the patterning of sounds into hierarchical timing levels that manifest as strong and weak events. Models of neural oscillations provide potential means for how meter could arise in the brain, but little evidence of dynamic neural activity has been offered. To this end, we conducted a study instructing participants to imagine two-based or three-based metric patterns over identical, equally-spaced sounds while we recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG). In the three-based metric pattern, multivariate analysis of the EEG showed contrasting patterns of neural oscillations between strong and weak events in the delta (2–4 Hz) and alpha (9–14 Hz), frequency bands, while theta (4–9 Hz) and beta (16–24 Hz) bands contrasted two hierarchically weaker events. In two-based metric patterns, neural activity did not drastically differ between strong and weak events. We suggest the findings reflect patterns of neural activation and suppression responsible for shaping perception through time.

scholarly journals Electrical Brain Activity and Its Functional Connectivity in the Physical Execution of Modern Jazz Dance

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Wind ◽  
Fabian Horst ◽  
Nikolas Rizzi ◽  
Alexander John ◽  
Wolfgang I. Schöllhorn
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Alpha Frequency ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Modern Jazz

Besides the pure pleasure of watching a dance performance, dance as a whole-body movement is becoming increasingly popular for health-related interventions. However, the science-based evidence for improvements in health or well-being through dance is still ambiguous and little is known about the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. This may be partly related to the fact that previous studies mostly examined the neurophysiological effects of imagination and observation of dance rather than the physical execution itself. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate acute effects of a physically executed dance with its different components (recalling the choreography and physical activity to music) on the electrical brain activity and its functional connectivity using electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis. Eleven dance-inexperienced female participants first learned a Modern Jazz Dance (MJD) choreography over three weeks (1 h sessions per week). Afterwards, the acute effects on the EEG brain activity were compared between four different test conditions: physically executing the MJD choreography with music, physically executing the choreography without music, imaging the choreography with music, and imaging the choreography without music. Every participant passed each test condition in a randomized order within a single day. EEG rest-measurements were conducted before and after each test condition. Considering time effects the physically executed dance without music revealed in brain activity analysis most increases in alpha frequency and in functional connectivity analysis in all frequency bands. In comparison, physically executed dance with music as well as imagined dance with music led to fewer increases and imagined dance without music provoked noteworthy brain activity and connectivity decreases at all frequency bands. Differences between the test conditions were found in alpha and beta frequency between the physically executed dance and the imagined dance without music as well as between the physically executed dance with and without music in the alpha frequency. The study highlights different effects of a physically executed dance compared to an imagined dance on many brain areas for all measured frequency bands. These findings provide first insights into the still widely unexplored field of neurological effects of dance and encourages further research in this direction.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SEROTONINE, HISTAMINE AND THE BRAIN`S ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH DEPRESSION AND ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Oana-Maria Nicola (Marioara) ◽  
◽  
Alice Elena Ghenea ◽  
Cristina-Nicoleta Vlădoianu ◽  
Mara Carsote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Eeg Abnormalities ◽  
Urinary Histamine ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Endocrinology Clinic ◽  
Severe Disorder

Introduction. Depression is a persistent mental state of sadness that can affect an individual`s thoughts, behavior, emotion and well-being. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is of great importance both for experimental neurophysiology and for clinical diagnosis. The purpose of our study was to establish if there is a connection between the values of serotonine, histamine and EEG in patients with depression and endocrine pathology based on the collected data. Materials and methods. We included 50 individuals diagnosed with depression from Endocrinology Clinic of Craiova, over a period of 2 years (2018-2020). Serotonine and histamine were measured in blood and urine/24 hours in all the sample. Electroencephalography was performed to this patients. Outcomes. In our study, 27 patients had mild depression, 17 had moderate depression and 6 had a severe disorder Also, the serotonine values were low (normal value 80-400 μg/L) in patients with depression and endocrine pathology. Conclusion. In patients with EEG abnormalities occure significant changes in the values of serotonine and histamine (increased urinary histamine and decreased serotonine levels).

Comparative Analysis of Non-linear Behaviour with Power Spectral Intensity Response Between Normal and Epileptic EEG Signals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budhaditya Ghosh ◽  
Sourya Sengupta ◽  
Sayan Nag ◽  
Sayan Biswas ◽  
Shankha Sanyal
Keyword(s):  
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Spectral Intensity ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Eeg Data ◽  
Detrended Fluctuation ◽  
The Brain

Epilepsy is a neurological condition which affects the nervous system. It is a general term used for a group of disorders in which nerve cells of the brain discharge anomalous electrical impulses from time to time, causing a temporary malfunction of the other nerve cells of the brain. EEG signal provides an important cue for diagnosis and interpretation related to prognosis of epilepsy. In this work we envisage to provide novel tool which can be used to detect the prognosis of epileptic disorder by comparing linear and nonlinear modalities of EEG analysis conventionally used Power spectral analysis and a robust non linear method, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA). Publicly available dataset is used for this work consisting of 100 normal patients EEG data as control group and 100 epileptic patients EEG data for comparison. Response for different frequency bands (alpha, theta, beta) of the EEG spectrum have been analyzed using Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Power Spectral Intensity (PSI). The comparison of the DFA scaling exponent with the spectral power data is calculated for all the 3 different frequency bands of EEG signal provide new and interesting results which have been discussed in detail.

The Effects of a Caffeine Placebo and Experimenter Expectation on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Well-Being, and Cognitive Performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Walach ◽  
Stefan Schmidt ◽  
Yvonne-Michelle Bihr ◽  
Susanne Wiesch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Being There ◽  
To Receive

We studied the effect of experimenter expectations and different instructions in a balanced placebo design. 157 subjects were randomized into a 2 × 4 factorial design. Two experimenters were led to expect placebos either to produce physiological effects or not (pro- vs. antiplacebo). All subjects except a control group received a caffeine placebo. They were either made to expect coffee, no coffee, or were in a double-blind condition. Dependent measures were blood pressure, heart rate, well-being, and a cognitive task. There was one main effect on the instruction factor (p = 0.03) with the group “told no caffeine” reporting significantly better well-being. There was one main effect on the experimenter factor with subjects instructed by experimenter “proplacebo” having higher systolic blood pressure (p = 0.008). There was one interaction with subjects instructed by experimenter “proplacebo” to receive coffee doing worse in the cognitive task than the rest. Subjects instructed by experimenter “antiplacebo” were significantly less likely to believe the experimental instruction, and that mostly if they had been instructed to receive coffee. Contrary to the literature we could not show an effect of instruction, but there was an effect of experimenters. It is likely, however, that these experimenter effects were not due to experimental manipulations, but to the difference in personalities.

Causal Probabilistic Network and Power Spectral Estimation Used in Sleep Stage Classification

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
A. Kjaer ◽  
W. Jensen ◽  
T. Dyrby ◽  
L. Andreasen ◽  
J. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Spectral Estimation ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Probabilistic Networks ◽  
Probabilistic Network ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Stage Classification ◽  
Sleep Stage Classification ◽  
The Brain

Abstract.A new method for sleep-stage classification using a causal probabilistic network as automatic classifier has been implemented and validated. The system uses features from the primary sleep signals from the brain (EEG) and the eyes (AOG) as input. From the EEG, features are derived containing spectral information which is used to classify power in the classical spectral bands, sleep spindles and K-complexes. From AOG, information on rapid eye movements is derived. Features are extracted every 2 seconds. The CPN-based sleep classifier was implemented using the HUGIN system, an application tool to handle causal probabilistic networks. The results obtained using different training approaches show agreements ranging from 68.7 to 70.7% between the system and the two experts when a pooled agreement is computed over the six subjects. As a comparison, the interrater agreement between the two experts was found to be 71.4%, measured also over the six subjects.

TIMELESS BUILDINGS AND THE HUMAN BRAIN: The Effect of Spiritual Spaces on Human Brain Waves

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Sally M. Essawy ◽  
Basil Kamel ◽  
Mohamed S. Elsawy
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Human Comfort ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Brain Waves ◽  
Space Design ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Brain

Some buildings hold certain qualities of space design similar to those originated from nature in harmony with its surroundings. These buildings, mostly associated with religious beliefs and practices, allow for human comfort and a unique state of mind. This paper aims to verify such effect on the human brain. It concentrates on measuring brain waves when the user is located in several spots (coordinates) in some of these buildings. Several experiments are conducted on selected case studies to identify whether certain buildings affect the brain wave frequencies of their users or not. These are measured in terms of Brain Wave Frequency Charts through EEG Device. The changes identified on the brain were then translated into a brain diagram that reflects the spiritual experience all through the trip inside the selected buildings. This could then be used in architecture to enhance such unique quality.

Authentic leadership and employee psychological well-being: An integrated review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-82
Author(s):  
Hellya Agustina ◽  
Nur Atiqah Abdullah ◽  
Ihil S. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Work Climate ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Management Culture ◽  
Employee Silence ◽  
Being There

As we known that one resource that supports work of employee is a good relationship among the leader and co-workers. Leaders who have styles that are able to improve employees' psychological well-being by making workplaces healthy, do not neglect supervision, are able to motivate employees, and reflect values that are important to employees (see, Hsiung 2012; Winkler et al. 2015; Huang et al. 2016; Joo, Park, & Lim 2016). There seems to be general agreement that effective leadership will encourage positive employee attitudes and behaviour (e.g., Fong & Snape 2015; Afsar, Badir & Kiani 2016; Semedo, Coelho, & Ribeiro 2016; Wu & Lee 2017; Kim & Beehr 2018; Buil , Martinez, & Matute 2019; Mostafa & Bottomley 2020). Meanwhile, most of the previous studies link that authentic leadership also has a negative influence on employees, such as: employee silence (Guenter et al. 2016); job stress (Weiss, et al. 2017); cynicism and immodesty (A Megeirhi, et al. 2018); burnout (Fair & Kamal 2019); management culture errors (Farnese et al. 2018); and turnover intentions (Gordon et al. 2019). Researchers found that only a few studied the relationship between authentic leadership and employee psychological well-being. There is only one study that examines this by using work climate as mediator variable in the type of nurse's work. Research conducted by Nelson et al. (2014) which states that authentic leadership has been recognized to influence psychological well-being through its impact on the work climate. Moving on from these issues, the interests of employees in Indonesia should be considered because the employee is required to work for eight hours a day and employees are working to make ends meet. Keywords: authentic leadership, psychological well-being, mediators, moderators, integrated review.

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