Antimicrobial Flavonoids from Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. and Artocarpus lowii King

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajarahtunnur Jamil ◽  
Siti Mariam Abdul Lathiff ◽  
Siti Awanis Abdullah ◽  
Noraini Jemaon ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Qualitative Assay ◽  
Concentration Methods ◽  
Strong Antimicrobial Activity

Antimicrobial activities of flavonoids isolated from the leaves and heartwoods of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. and Artocarpus lowii King were evaluated. Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida) and fungi (Candida albicans and Candida glabrata) were used in this study. Disc diffusion method was used as the qualitative assay while minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum microbicidal concentration methods were used as the quantitative assays. Artocarpin (8) showed strong antimicrobial activity towards all bacteria with inhibition zone diameter more than 11 mm and minimum microbicidal concentration value of 0.45 mg/mL. Isobavachalcone (3) exhibited strong antibacterial activity towards Gram positive bacteria with minimum microbicidal concentration value of 0.45 mg/mL. The findings of this study revealed that the isolated flavonoids from A. anisophyllus and A. lowii have potential to be developed as antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Extracts againstBacillus Subtilis,Staphylococcus Aureusand Escherichia Coli

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S282-S284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliwirianis N ◽  
Wan Zuraida Wan Mohd Zain ◽  
Jamaluddin Kassim ◽  
Shaikh Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Stemona Tuberosa ◽  
Elephantopus Scaber

Local herbs have many potential that may be active with antimicrobial activity. A screening was conducted with 11 species of herbs collected in UiTM Pahang Forest Reserve.Epipremnumsp.,Zingibersp.Tetracera indica, Tectaria crenata, Piper stylosum, Homalomena propinque, Goniothalamus sp., Elephantopus scaber, Mapania patiolale, Melastomasp.,Stemona tuberosa, Phullagathis rotundifolia, Thotea grandifoliaandSmilaxsp. were extracted with methanol to obtain their crude. The agar diffusion method using blank disc of 6 mm diameter were loaded with 1000 µg/mL of methanol crude and applied to the inoculate plate was used to assess the antimicrobial activity against two gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilisandStaphylococcus aeureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results evaluated as the diameter of the inhibition zone of microbial growth, showed that all the extracts were active against gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. The extract ofStemona tuberosewas found to be the most active against theE. coliandS. aeureuswhilePiper stylosumactive againstB. subtilis.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Kombucha Teh dan Kopi Sebagai Antibakteri Bakteri Gram Positif dan Bakteri Gram Negatif

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Surahmaida . ◽  
Kinanti Ayu Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Paper Disc

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Kombucha dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan Kombucha dengan variasi bahan dasar (teh hitam, teh hijau dan kopi) dengan jenis gula yang berbeda (gula pasir dan gula stevia); dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode kertas cakram (difusi agar) terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ke-6 varian Kombucha tidak berpengaruh atau tidak adanya zona bening (zona hambat) yang terbentuk di sekitar kertas cakram uji pada semua bakteri uji.Kata kunci: Kombucha teh dan kopi, bakteri Gram positif dan bakteri Gram negatif, zona hambat ABSTRACTThe aim of this tudy is to determine the ability of Kombucha to inhibit the growth of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The method used in this study included the making of Kombucha with a variety of basic ingredients (black tea, green tea and coffee) with different types of sugar (sugar and stevia sugar); and antibacterial tests using the paper disc (agar diffusion) method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The results showed that the 6 variants of Kombucha had no effect or absence of a clear zone (inhibition zone) formed around the test disc paper in all test bacteria.Keywords: Tea and coffee Kombucha, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria, inhibitory zone

scholarly journals Intracellular and Extracellular extracts activity of Oscillatoria limnetica and Chroococus minor against some Bacteria and Fangi

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-483
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Extracellular Products ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

In this study Oscillatoria limnetica and Chroococus minor were isolated ?purified and identification from water canal around Baghdad University Campus. The water of this canals originally from Tigris River. BG-11 culture media was used for their cultivation in suitable laboratory conditions (25c°, 200µE/m2/sec) for 16:8 hrs. Light: dark. Each culture was harvested at the end of exponential phase .Organic solvents used for extraction were Ethanol? Hexane and Methanol 95% to extract the crude active Intracellular and Extracellular substances, and evaporated down to dryness .Antibacterial and antifungal activity of these different extracts were evaluated against 6 strains of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria in addition to fungi, Agar diffusion method was used in this evaluation. Results showed that the extracellular products which extracted by hexane and the extracellular products which extracted by ethanol from Oscillatoria limnetica were have higher antagonistic activity against bacteria and Fungi comparing with methanol extracts .However higher antibacterial and antifungal were obtained against the studied strains of comparing with methanol and ethanol extracts of the same algae products. The gram positive bacteria studied revealed higher susceptibility to attack by the intracellular and extracellular extracts comparing with the gram negative bacteria. These extracts revealed higher antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilise and the average of inhibition zone were 26, 22 mm. for intracellular and extracellular products of O.limnetica respectively. However, C. minor intracellular products extract has the antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus with 28 mm inhibition zone

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Antimicrobial activity of Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanol extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah ◽  
Maulina Diah ◽  
Mustofa ◽  
Masriani ◽  
Susi Iravati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Pycnarrhena cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., local name sengkubak, is one of indigenous plants from West Kalimantan that has been used as natural flavor. Pycnorrhena cauliflora is one of species of Menispermaceae family which is rich in bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This alkaloids are known to have various biological activities including antiprotozoal, antiplasmodial, antifungal and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial activity of  the P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. methanolic extracts against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic extract of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels., root, leaf and stem were prepared by maceration. The disk-diffusion method was then used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes, S. mutants, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli after 18-24 h incubation at 37 oC. Amoxicillin was used as positive control for gram-positive bacteria and ciprofloxacin was used as gram-negative bacteria. The inhibition zones were then measured in mm. Analysis were conducted in duplicates. The results showed in general the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (inhibition zone diameter= 10-23 mm) were more active than that leaf (0-15 mm) and stem (0-17 mm) extracts against gram-positive bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of amoxicillin as positive control was 8-42 mm. In addition, the methanolic extracts of P. cauliflora (Miers.) Diels. root (12-17 mm) were also more active than that leaf (0-12 mm) and stem (0-12 mm) extracts against gram-negative bacteria. The zone inhibition diameter of ciprofloxacin as positive control was 33-36 mm. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of P. caulifloria (Miers.) Diels. root is the most extract active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Further study will be focused to isolate active compounds in the methanolic extract of the root.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF A MONOALKYL BENZENE SULPHONATE COMPLEX

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Taber ◽  
B. B. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Active Component ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Household Detergent ◽  
Fungi Imperfecti

The antimicrobial activities of a branched, monoalkyl benzene sulphonate complex (ABS), the active component of a commercial liquid household detergent, and of the detergent have been investigated. Cultures of dermatophytes, Candida albicans, saprophytic phycomycetes, ascomycetes, fungi imperfecti, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were tested. Only the Fusarium species and the Gram-negative bacteria were not inhibited by a concentration of 0.1 ml of the detergent/50 ml medium. Microgram quantities of ABS inhibited the Gram-positive bacteria and the fungi except Fusarium spp. ABS was lethal in microgram quantities, the effect being detectable within 30 minutes. Inhibition of exogenous respiration of glucose by C. albicans began upon contact and was complete within 50 minutes. A linear and biodegradable ABS was more active than the branched form against C. albicans.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Espeletia nana

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Peña ◽  
Luis Rojas ◽  
Rosa Aparicio ◽  
Libia Alarcón ◽  
José Gregorio Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oil of the leaves of Espeletia nana Cuatrec, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed the identification of 24 components, which made up 99.9% of the oil. The most abundant compounds were α-pinene (38.1%), β-pinene (17.2%), myrcene (15.0%), spathulenol (4.2%), bicyclogermacrene (4.0%), α-zingiberene (4.0%), and γhimachalene (3.7%). Antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar disk diffusion method. Activity was observed only against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC values were determined for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923(200 μg/mL) and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 (600 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Oxathiine-Fused Quinone-Thioglucoside Conjugates of Substituted 1,4-Naphthoquinones

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3577
Author(s):  
Yuri E. Sabutski ◽  
Ekaterina S. Menchinskaya ◽  
Ludmila S. Shevchenko ◽  
Ekaterina A. Chingizova ◽  
Artur R. Chingizov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
High Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Derivatives Of

A series of new tetracyclic oxathiine-fused quinone-thioglycoside conjugates based on biologically active 1,4-naphthoquinones and 1-mercapto derivatives of per-O-acetyl d-glucose, d-galactose, d-xylose, and l-arabinose have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Six tetracyclic conjugates bearing a hydroxyl group in naphthoquinone core showed high cytotoxic activity with EC50 values in the range of 0.3 to 0.9 μM for various types of cancer and normal cells and no hemolytic activity up to 25 μM. The antimicrobial activity of conjugates was screened against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), and fungus Candida albicans by the agar diffusion method. The most effective juglone conjugates with d-xylose or l-arabinose moiety and hydroxyl group at C-7 position of naphthoquinone core at concentration 10 µg/well showed antimicrobial activity comparable with antibiotics vancomicin and gentamicin against Gram-positive bacteria strains. In liquid media, juglone-arabinosidic tetracycles showed highest activity with MIC 6.25 µM. Thus, a positive effect of heterocyclization with mercaptosugars on cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity for group of 1,4-naphthoquinones was shown.

scholarly journals Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. Dolakha District of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Bimala Subba
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Taxus Wallichiana

Phytochemical and biological activities of methanolic extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. (Leaf, stem) were carried out. The brine shrimp bioassay showed T. wallichiana is pharmacologically active. The antibacterial potential was studied against one gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia Coli) using Agar Well Diffusion Method. Stem of T. wallichiana showed significant zone of inhibition against gram positive bacteria while the leaf of T. wallichiana did not show significant zone of inhibition against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and FRAP assay. Both assay showed that T. wallichiana leaves has high antioxidant activities.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 110-114

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect of essential oils of some Fijian medicinal plant leaves on pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prayna P. P. Maharaj ◽  
Riteshma Devi ◽  
Surendra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Fiji is highly populated with plants containing essential oils (EO). The essential oils extracted from the leaves of the selected Fijian leafy plants were screened against two Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis). The agar diffusion method was used to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracted EO. All the EO tested showed antibacterial properties against one or more strains while none of the EO was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring tree), Annona muricata (Soursop), Coleus amboinicus (Spanish thyme) and Cinnamomum zeylancium (Cinnamon) showed good inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and proved as worthy source of antimicrobial agent. These findings will help the Pacific population to use the studied plants leaves as antimicrobial agent.

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