Microwave Tomography Application and Approaches – A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
Thomas Tan Wan Kiat ◽  
Soh Ping Jack ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Microwave Tomography ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
The Future

The objective of this paper is to review microwave tomography based on its field, application and antennas approaches. Researches on microwave tomography system have been done unceasingly for several decades especially in determine the dielectric properties for the material. Firstly, the dielectric properties and its influencing factors will be briefly described. Besides, although it has the potential to overcome other process tomography system, it still have some drawbacks. So, the general advantages and disadvantages are listed. Next, survey on the application of microwave tomography and type of antennas used will be discussed. Followed by the trend for the future.

Can trust become a factor of economic growth? Dynamic changes in the level of trust of Russian youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
A. A. Stavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The article considers the role of trust in the economy, the mechanisms of its accumulation and the possibility of using it as one of the growth factors in the future. The advantages and disadvantages of measuring the level of generalized trust using two alternative questions — about trusting people in general and trusting strangers — are analyzed. The results of the analysis of dynamics of the level of generalized trust among Russian youth, obtained within the study of the Institute for National Projects in 10 regions of Russia, are presented. It is shown that there are no significant changes in trust in people in general during the study at university. At the same time, the level of trust in strangers falls, which can negatively affect the level of trust in the country as a whole, and as a result have negative effects on the development of the economy in the future. Possible causes of the observed trends and the role of universities are discussed. Also the question about the connection between the level of education and generalized trust in countries with different quality of the institutional environment is raised.

Research Situation Analysis of On-line Detection Technology for Power Transformer Winding Deformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-832
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Li ◽  
Weihui Jiang ◽  
Li Qiu ◽  
Zhenxing Li ◽  
Yanchun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Method ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Line Detection ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Transformer Winding ◽  
On Line ◽  
Winding Deformation

Background: Winding deformation is one of the most common faults in power transformers, which seriously threatens the safe operation of transformers. In order to discover the hidden trouble of transformer in time, it is of great significance to actively carry out the research of transformer winding deformation detection technology. Methods: In this paper, several methods of winding deformation detection with on-line detection prospects are summarized. The principles and characteristics of each method are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method as well as the future research directions are expounded. Finally, aiming at the existing problems, the development direction of detection method for winding deformation in the future is prospected. Results: The on-line frequency response analysis method is still immature, and the vibration detection method is still in the theoretical research stage. Conclusion: The ΔV − I1 locus method provides a new direction for on-line detection of transformer winding deformation faults, which has certain application prospects and practical engineering value.

A Novel Electrical Cpacitance Sensor Design For Dual Modality Tomography Multiphase Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Fazlul Rahman Yunus ◽  
Nor Muzakkir Nor Ayob ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Fatin Aliah Phang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Dual Modality ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Imaging Result ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is one of process tomography technique which is developed rapidly in recent years. ECT is an imaging technique to obtain the internal permittivity distribution of a vessel or pipe by using capacitance electrodes sensor. This method has been integrated with ultrasonic tomography as multimodality system to perform multiphase flow measurement such as crude oil separation and oil process industry. In the present paper, a novel type of ECT sensor was developed using copper FR4 material. The electrode sensors can be flexibly bend or curve to fit the pipe surface for optimum measurement. Thus, every single sensor strip is designed to be functioned independently. Such system has lower sensing capability in the central of the sensing area which often contributes to poor imaging result. This problem can be overcome by combining the ECT with ultrasonic tomography to form a dual modality tomography system. By implementing the new ECT sensor, multiphase flow measurement image results can be achieved. The reconstructed image results are presented in this paper.

Microwave Tomography System for Reinforced Concrete Structures

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Belkebir ◽  
Ch. Pichot ◽  
J.Ch. Bolomey ◽  
P. Berthaud ◽  
G. Cottard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Microwave Tomography ◽  
Tomography System

Latest Research and Developing Tendency of Hyperbranched Polymers Fabrication

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Lian Yi Huo ◽  
Xue Tao Shi ◽  
Si Ming Chen ◽  
Meng Yao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
The Future

Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have been applied in various fields because of its outstanding biodegradability and biocompatibility. At present, there are a variety of methods that are used to fabricate HBPs, such as polycondensation, reactive polymerization and ring-opening polymerization according to reaction mechanism. These methods are all environmental-friendly and high-efficient to generate HBPs, and are valuable for industrialization. In this work, we conclude some common methods of HBPs fabrication and make the comparison between them to analyze their advantages and disadvantages, which contribute in how to improve the synthesis process in the future research.

O potrzebie wprowadzenia ustawy referendalnej do systemu prawnego w Polsce

2021 ◽  
Vol 1(162) ◽  
pp. 127-145
Author(s):  
Piotr Uziębło
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Vote ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Constitutional System

The problems raised in the doctrine of constitutional law related to the implementation of a decision taken in a referendum in matters of particular importance to the state, as well as the generally marginal use of the institution of popular vote in the constitutional prac-tice, give rise to reflection on the introduction of the institution of a referendum law into the Polish constitutional system. In this article the author considers the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution, analyzing at the same time contemporary normative regulations concerning such acts in other countries. The research leads to the conclusion that despite the risks involved, the refer-endum law should appear in the Polish constitutional system in the future, as it would not only give a chance for a more complete reflection of the will of the collective subject of sovereignty without the necessity of its decoding by the parliament, but it could also be an impulse for the development of the referendum practice in the Republic of Poland. However, it is important to introduce proce-dural barriers that will prevent depreciation of this institution.

Design of an applied optical fiber process tomography system

2005 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Yan ◽  
Jing Zhong ◽  
Yanbiao Liao ◽  
Shurong Lai ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Fiber Process

Hybrid Magnetorheological Elastomer, the Future of Gait Detection

2018 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimas Adiputra ◽  
Muhammad Kashfi Shabdin ◽  
Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Irfan Bahiuddin ◽  
Mohd Azizi Abdul Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Force Plate ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Rotary Encoder ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Material ◽  
Foot Orthosis

This article aims to present a brief review on sensors used for gait detection in Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO) application. Both the advantages and disadvantages of sensors such as EMG sensor, rotary encoder, foot switches, and force plate are highlighted in this article. Authors also addressed the four characteristics of sensors for gait detection; uniformity, installation, flexibility, and multi-measurement. In addition, the sensors were then compared based on the characteristics. The foot switch was identified as the most compatible sensor for gait detection. However, the sensor was also discovered to contain problems in its durability and uneven grounding. Consequently, the authors propose an introduction to a new material, hybrid Magnetorheological Elastomer (MRE). Coincidentally, the mentioned material possesses attributes of thin dimensions with adjustable stiffness. The thin dimension allows the hybrid MRE to be placed under the AFO sole. Furthermore, with an accurate degree of stiffness, the hybrid MRE allows for adjustment leading to a higher level of durability of the sensors which remains fine even if stomped on the user. In conclusion, the authors propose a further study on hybrid MRE AFO for the next study.

scholarly journals Criminal liability for land damage under the legislation of the cis countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-D) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Sergej N. Bezugly ◽  
Galia G. Mikhaleva ◽  
Irina V. Savelieva ◽  
Oksana S. Shumilina ◽  
Natalia Yu. Zhilina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The article includes consideration of the norms on land damage under the criminal legislation of the CIS countries, analysis of approaches to the legal regulation of land protection in criminal legislation. It is determined that not all criminal laws have the special rules protecting the land only. We analyzed the signs of land damage, revealed the specifics of objective signs of land damage, as well as analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation in comparison. It is concluded that relations on the protection and rational use of land, ensuring environmental safety are very important for the uninterrupted provision of the population with a sufficient number of safe and affordable products in the future.

scholarly journals Analysis of methods for measuring the dielectric properties of materials in the microwave range of wavelengths.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Fomin ◽  
◽  
N.V. Dudarev ◽  
S.N. Darovskikh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Microwave Electronic ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Resonant Method

One of the modern trends in the development of communication systems, information and telecommunication systems, air traffic control systems, etc. is the transition and development of higher-frequency wavelength ranges. In this regard more and more stringent requirements (in terms of spectrum, out-of-band and spurious radio emission, and in the shape of the output signal) are imposed on radio engineering devices that transmit and receive microwave radio signals. As a result, the requirements for the design and functional features of microwave electronic devices are increasing. One of these requirements is to assess the degree of compliance with the required values of dielectric properties of materials used in the design of microwave electronic devices. This requirement is justified by the fact that the electrical parameters of such microwave devices as: strip filters, power dividers, printed antennas and others, directly depend on the dielectric properties of the materials used in their substrate designs. In this regard, three main methods have now emerged for assessing the dielectric properties of materials: the resonant method, the non-resonant method, and the free space method. Aim. The aim of this article is to carry out a comparative analysis of the known methods for measuring the dielectric properties of materials in the microwave range of wavelengths and devices for their implementation. Materials and methods. The authors of the article reviewed the scientific literature of domestic and foreign publications. Results. For each of the methods for measuring the dielectric properties of materials, their main idea, practical implementation, a mathematical model for processing experimental data and areas of application are given. The advantages and disadvantages for each of the methods for measuring the dielectric properties of materials are given too. Conclusion. The applicability of each of the considered methods depends on such factors as: the shape of the investigated dielectric material, its state of aggregation, the possibility of measuring amplitude or complex transmission and reflection coefficients, the presence of an anechoic chamber, etc.

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