THE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF INTAKE VALVE TIMING ON ENGINE USING CYLINDER DEACTIVATION TECHNIQUE VIA SIMULATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Zainal Abidin ◽  
M. F. Muhamad Said ◽  
Z. Abdul Latiff ◽  
I. Zahari ◽  
M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Cylinder Deactivation ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Load Conditions

There are many technologies that being developed to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines as well as reducing their fuel consumption.  In this paper, the main area of focus is on cylinder deactivation (CDA) technology. CDA is mostly being applied on multi cylinders engines. CDA has the advantage to improve fuel consumption by reducing pumping losses at part load engine conditions. Here, the application of CDA on 1.6L four cylinders gasoline engine is studied. One-dimensional (1D) engine modeling work is performed to investigate the effect of intake valve strategy on engine performance with CDA. 1D engine model is constructed based on the 1.6L actual engine geometries. The model is simulated at various engine speeds at full load conditions. The simulated results show that the constructed model is well correlated to measured data. This correlated model is then used to investigate the CDA application at part load conditions. Also, the effects on the in-cylinder combustion as well as pumping losses are presented. The study shows that the effect of intake valve strategy is very significant on engine performance. Pumping losses is found to be reduced, thus improve fuel consumption and engine efficiency.

Investigation of Intake Valve Strategy on the Cylinder Deactivation Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Zulkarnain Abdul Latiff ◽  
Shaiful Fadzil Zainal Abidin ◽  
Izzarief Zahari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Cylinder Deactivation ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Load Conditions

There are many technologies that being developed to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines as well as reducing their fuel consumption. In this paper, the main research area is focus on cylinder deactivation (CDA) technology. CDA mostly being applied on multi cylinders engines. CDA has the advantage in improving fuel consumption by reducing pumping losses at part load engine conditions. Here, the application of CDA on 1.6L four cylinders gasoline engine was studied. One-dimensional (1D) engine modeling is performed to investigate the effect of intake valve strategy on engine performance with CDA. 1D engine model is constructed according to the 1.6L actual engine geometries. The model is simulated at various engine speeds at full load conditions. The simulated results show that the constructed model is well correlated to measured data. This correlated model used to investigate the CDA application at part load conditions. Also, the effects on the in-cylinder combustion as well as pumping losses are presented. The study shows that the effect of intake valve strategy is very significant on engine performance. Pumping losses is found to be reduced, thus improving fuel consumption and engine efficiency.

Mode Strategy for Engine Efficiency Enhancement by Using a Magneto-Rheological Variable Valve Train

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaojung Shiao ◽  
Premkumar Gadde ◽  
Mahendra Babu Kantipudi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Valve Lift ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Magneto Rheological ◽  
Variable Valve

Abstract Variable valve timing (VVT) and variable valve lift (VVL) are two promising methods for improving gasoline engine performance. VVL improves part-load performance, and VVT reduces low-speed fuel consumption. Automobile industries and researchers have developed several mechanical, hydraulic, and electronic devices to implement these variable valve functions in engines. In this study, a control strategy is developed for a new compact and low-energy-consumption magneto-rheological valve train (MRVT) to effectively accomplish the variable valve functions and achieve superior engine performance. A non-throttle single-cylinder spark-ignition (SI) engine dynamic model is established to simulate the engine performance by using the flexibility of this new valve train. A six-mode strategy using VVT and VVL is proposed under different engine running conditions of speed and load. Dynamic simulations were conducted for investigating the six-mode strategy based engine performance. The results indicate that the combination of VVT and VVL in the corresponding engine mode can effectively give about 15–20% improvement in the brake fuel efficiency during low and medium speeds. Moreover, by using VVL, about 10–14% improvement in brake specific fuel consumption can be achieved at part-load conditions. According to this computational investigation, the overall engine efficiency and performance can be improved significantly by using a controllable magneto-rheological valve and strategically changing the engine VVL and VVT.

Diesel Engine Performance Improvement for Constant Speed Application Using CFD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balasaheb S. Dahifale ◽  
Anand S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Valve ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Valve Seat ◽  
Load Conditions

The detailed investigation of flow behavior inside the combustion chamber and performance of engine is most challenging problem due to constraints in Experimental Data collection during testing; However, Experimental testing is essential for establishment of correlation with CFD Predictions. Hence, the baseline engine was tested at different load conditions and validated with CFD results, before it was optimized for performance improvement. The objective of the CFD Prediction was not only to optimize performance (Fuel Efficiency, Power, Torque, etc.) & Emissions Reduction, but also to assess feasibility of Performance Upgrade Potential. In the present CFD study, surface mesh and domain was prepared for the flame face, intake valve, intake valve seat, exhaust valve, exhaust valve seat and liner for closed volume cycle, between IVC and EVO using CFD code VECTIS. Finally simulations for three different load conditions were conducted using VECTIS solver. Initially, in-cylinder pressure vis a vis crank angle prediction was carried out for 100%, 75% and 50% load conditions. Then the fine tuning of (P-ϴ) diagram for different load conditions was conducted by varying different combustion parameters. Further, the engine performance validation was carried out for rated and part load conditions in terms of, IMEP, BMEP, break specific fuel consumption and power output, while NOx mass fractions were used to convert the NOx to g/kWh for comparison of emission levels with the test data. Finally optimized re-entrant combustion chamber and modified valve timing with optimum fuel injection system simulation was carried out to achieve target performance with reduced fuel consumption. A 3D CFD result showed reduction in BSFC and was in close agreement with the test data.

Effects of passive pre-chamber jet ignition on combustion and emission at gasoline engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781402110671
Author(s):  
Wei Duan ◽  
Zhaoming Huang ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Ping Tang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Valve Opening

Pre-chamber jet ignition is a promising way to improve fuel consumption of gasoline engine. A small volume passive pre-chamber was tested at a 1.5L turbocharged GDI engine. Combustion and emission characteristics of passive pre-chamber at low-speed WOT and part load were studied. Besides, the combustion stability of the passive pre-chamber at idle operation has also been studied. The results show that at 1500 r/min WOT, compared with the traditional spark ignition, the combustion phase of pre-chamber is advanced by 7.1°CA, the effective fuel consumption is reduced by 24 g/kW h, and the maximum pressure rise rate is increased by 0.09 MPa/°CA. The knock tendency can be relieved by pre-chamber ignition. At part load of 2000 r/min, pre-chamber ignition can enhance the combustion process and improve the combustion stability. The fuel consumption of pre-chamber ignition increases slightly at low load, but decreases significantly at high load. Compared with the traditional spark ignition, the NOx emissions of pre-chamber increase significantly, with a maximum increase of about 15%; the HC emissions decrease, and the highest decrease is about 36%. But there is no significant difference in CO emissions between pre-chamber ignition and spark plug ignition. The intake valve opening timing has a significant influence on the pre-chamber combustion stability at idle operation. With the delay of the pre-chamber intake valve opening timing, the CoV is reduced and can be kept within the CoV limit.

EFFECT OF CYLINDER DEACTIVATION STRATEGIES ON ENGINE PERFORMANCES USING ONE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION TECHNIQUE

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izwan Hamid ◽  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Shahril Nizam Mohamed Soid ◽  
Henry Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Normal Mode ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Valve Lift ◽  
Cylinder Deactivation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Engine Model

In order to meet consumer and legislation requirements, big investments on key technology strategies have been made to ensure fuel consumption is reduced. Recent technologies for gasoline engines are lean combustion technologies (including direct injection and homogenous charged compression ignition), optimizing intake and exhaust valve timing with valve lift and also cylinder deactivation system (CDA) have been practised to improve the engine efficiency. The purpose of this study is to investigate the engine behavior when running at different cylinder deactivation (CDA) strategies. One-dimensional engine model software called GT-Power is used to predict the engine performances. Five strategies were considered namely normal mode, spark plug off mode, cylinder deactivation mode, intake normal with exhaust off mode, and intake off with exhaust normal mode.  Engine performance outputs of each strategy are predicted and compared at BMEP of 3 bars with engine speed of 2500 rpm. Also, the effect of CDA strategies on in-cylinder pressure and pumping loss are performed. The study shows that all of these cylinder deactivation strategies are capable of reducing the pumping loss (PMEP) and fuel consumption, thus increasing the thermal efficiency of the engine. The results suggest that the most beneficial strategy for activating CDA is for the case whereby both the intake and exhaust valves are kept closed. This CDA mode capable of increasing brake thermal efficiency up to 22% at entire engine speeds operation. This strategy successfully reduced the BSFC. It was found that most of these cylinder deactivation strategies improve the engine performance during part load engine condition

Efficiency scaling method of gasoline engines for different geometries and the application in hybrid vehicle simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 732-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Hamann ◽  
Daniel Münning ◽  
Philip Gorzalka ◽  
Michael Zillmer ◽  
Peter Eilts
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Efficiency Map ◽  
The Impact

This work presents a scalable model of a naturally aspirated gasoline engine forecasting the effective efficiency map for varying cylinder displacements. Engine test bench measurements and a global nonlinear hybrid optimization method were used to calibrate the engine model. The validation showed a good prediction of engine efficiency by the scaling model with a mean error of 2% compared with the measurements. A pure scaling of the cylinder displacement led to overall small changes in the effective engine efficiency map. In addition to the development of a scalable engine model, a forward-looking hybrid vehicle simulation model was used in order to evaluate the impact of different engine cylinder displacements on fuel consumption. For this purpose, simulations for varying cylinder displacements were performed in a series–parallel hybrid drivetrain of an A-class vehicle in two driving cycles. The simulation results showed a small influence of different engine cylinder displacements on fuel consumption for the given configuration.

scholarly journals Study on Valve Strategy of Variable Cylinder Deactivation Based on Electromagnetic Intake Valve Train

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoyang Hu ◽  
Siqin Chang ◽  
Yaxuan Xu ◽  
Liang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Valve Train ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Cylinder Deactivation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Brake Mean Effective Pressure ◽  
Variable Valve Train ◽  
Variable Valve

The camless electromagnetic valve train (EMVT), as a fully flexible variable valve train, has enormous potential for improving engine performances. In this paper, a new valve strategy based on the electromagnetic intake valve train (EMIV) is proposed to achieve variable cylinder deactivation (VCD) on a four-cylinder gasoline engine. The 1D engine model was constructed in GT-Power according to test data. In order to analyze the VCD operation with the proposed valve strategy, the 1D model was validated using a 3D code. The effects of the proposed valve strategy were investigated from the perspective of energy loss of the transition period, the mass fraction of oxygen in the exhaust pipe, and the minimum in-cylinder pressure of the active cycle. On the premise of avoiding high exhaust oxygen and oil suction, the intake valve timing can be determined with the variation features of energy losses. It was found that at 1200 and 1600 rpm, fuel economy was improved by 12.5–16.6% and 9.7–14.6%, respectively, under VCD in conjunction with the early intake valve closing (EIVC) strategy when the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) ranged from 0.3 MPa to 0.2 MPa.

Novel Engine Cycle Enabling Partial Load Fuel Efficiency Beyond Full Load Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjen de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Activation Technique ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Fuel Consumption Reduction ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Consumption Reduction

Abstract Fuel consumption reduction and emission reductions in internal combustion engines (ICE) is a hot topic nowadays. An adaption of cylinder de-activation technique called ECONAMIQ over-expansion can be applied to engines to improve fuel efficiency. Using the pressure from the exhaust gas from the active cylinders, the ‘idle’ cylinders could be expanded to extract more work out of the engine during partial load operation. Using the virtual simulation environment GT-Power, this cycle is applied to a 4-cylinder SI engine. This engine model is simulated for a part load operation point and compared with a standard 4-cylinder engine model and 4-cylinder engine model equipped with cylinder de-activation. From these simulations various variables for engine operation (valve timing etc.) are optimized to further reduce fuel consumption of the engine. A final brake specific fuel consumption reduction of over 10% is achieved using the overexpansion cycle, while improving engine performance on two burning cylinders over 10% as well. With this improvement it is shown that the over-expansion cycle has a significant benefit compared to a standard ICE and cylinder de-activation techniques. These simulations are being validated on an engine test dyno using a natural aspirated ICE.

Control-Oriented Model of Atkinson Cycle Engine With Variable Intake Valve Actuation

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Murtaza ◽  
A. I. Bhatti ◽  
Q. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Valve Timing ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Atkinson Cycle ◽  
Engine Part ◽  
Proposed Model

With the advancement in the innovated technologies, optimum efficiency of spark ignition (SI) engine can be accomplished during the entire engine operating range, particularly at part load. In this research, a novel control-oriented extended mean value engine model (EMVEM) of the Atkinson cycle engine is proposed, wherein the Atkinson cycle, variable valve timing (VVT), overexpansion, and variable compression ratio (VCR) characteristics are incorporated. For this purpose, an intake valve timing (IVT) parameter is introduced, which has a vital role in modeling the inclusive dynamics of the system and to deal with engine performance degrading aspects. The proposed model is validated with the experimental data of a VVT engine, obtained from literature, to ensure that the proposed model has the capability to capture the dynamics of the Atkinson cycle engine, and engine load can be controlled by IVT parameter, instead of the conventional throttle. The potential benefits of late intake valve closing (LIVC) tactic and copious integrated characteristics are appreciated as well. Furthermore, simulation results of the developed model primarily indicate the reduction in the engine part load losses and enhancement in thermal efficiency due to overexpansion, which has a great significance in the enhancement of the performance, fuel economy, and emissions reduction. Besides, the constraints on LIVC and overexpansion become evident.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pure Oxygenated Biofuels on Efficiency and Emissions in a Gasoline Optimised DISI Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3908
Author(s):  
Tara Larsson ◽  
Senthil Krishnan Mahendar ◽  
Anders Christiansen-Erlandsson ◽  
Ulf Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Oxygenated Fuels ◽  
Load Conditions

The negative impact of transport on climate has led to incentives to increase the amount of renewable fuels used in internal combustion engines (ICEs). Oxygenated, liquid biofuels are promising alternatives, as they exhibit similar combustion behaviour to gasoline. In this article, the effect of the different biofuels on engine efficiency, combustion propagation and emissions of a gasoline-optimised direct injected spark ignited (DISI) engine were evaluated through engine experiments. The experiments were performed without any engine hardware modifications. The investigated fuels are gasoline, four alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-butanol and iso-butanol) and one ether (MTBE). All fuels were tested at two speed sweeps at low and mid load conditions, and a spark timing sweep at low load conditions. The oxygenated biofuels exhibit increased efficiencies, even at non-knock-limited conditions. At lower loads, the oxygenated fuels decrease CO, HC and NOx emissions. However, at mid load conditions, decreased volatility of the alcohols leads to increased emissions due to fuel impingement effects. Methanol exhibited the highest efficiencies and significantly increased burn rates compared to the other fuels. Gasoline exhibited the lowest level of PN and PM emissions. N-butanol and iso-butanol show significantly increased levels of particle emissions compared to the other fuels.

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