MARSHALL TEST CHARACTERISTICS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURE WITH SCRAPPED TIRE RUBBER AS A FINE AGGREGATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gito Sugiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Asphalt Content

Highways are important transportation infrastructures that influence economy, culture, and security. Most of the highways in Indonesia are flexible pavement that use asphalt as a binder. The use of scrapped tire rubber as a partial replacement of fine aggregates is based on the limited available natural aggregate in nature. Utilization of scrapped tire rubber as a fine aggregate is one of the alternatives for reducing environmental pollution and supporting Clean Development Mechanism program. The aim of this study is to analyze the Marshall test characteristics of asphalt concrete (AC) mixture that use scrapped tire rubber as a partial substitute of fine aggregate and comparing with a standard mixture. Laboratory tests are performed on three different types of mixtures as follows the mix without scrapped tire rubber, mix containing 50%, and 100% substitution of aggregate at fraction of No.50 with scrapped tire rubber. The test, it show that optimum asphalt content for ACStandard mixture is 6.76%, while ACScrapped-tire 50% mixture is 7.04% and ACScrapped-tire 100% mixture is 6.25%. The use of scrapped tire rubber in asphalt concrete mixtures can improve the resistance to permanent deformation and resistance to water. The use of scrapped tire rubber is acceptable as a partial replacement of aggregate in asphalt concrete mixtures.  

scholarly journals Influence of Hydrated Lime on the Properties and Permanent Deformation of the Asphalt Concrete Layers in Pavement

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed F. Al-Tameemi ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Amjad Albayati
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Concrete Pavement ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Concrete Pavement

Abstract Flexible or asphalt concrete pavement is the paving system most widely adopted all over the world. It has been recognized that there are many different types of the factors affecting the performance and durability of asphalt concrete pavement, including the service conditions, such as: the variation of temperature from mild to extremes and the repeated excessive axle loading as well as the inadequate quality of the raw materials. All of these when combined together are going to accelerate the occurrence of distresses in flexible pavement such as permanent deformation and fatigue cracking. As the result, there has an urgent need to enhance the ability of asphalt concrete mixture to resist distresses happened in pavement. Use of additives is one of the techniques adopted to improve pavement properties. It has been found that hydrated lime might be one of the effective additives because it is widely available and relatively cheap compared to other modifiers like polymers. This paper presents an experimental study of the hydrated-lime modified asphalt concrete mixtures. Five different percentages of the hydrated lime additive were investigated, namely (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 percent). The hydrated lime additive was used as partial replacement of limestone filler by total weight of the aggregate. The designed Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) concretes are for the application of three pavement courses, i.e. Surface, Leveling and Base. These mixtures are designed and tested following Marshall procedure and uniaxial repeated loading to evaluate permanent deformation at different temperatures of 20°C, 40°C and 60°C. The experimental results show that the addition of hydrated lime as a partial replacement of ordinary limestone mineral filler results a significant improvement on mechanical properties and the resistant to permanent deformation of the designed asphalt concrete mixtures.

scholarly journals The Suitability of Bailey Method for Design of Local Asphalt Concrete Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-839
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fahim Rahi ◽  
Amjad Albayati
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
Aggregate Interlocking ◽  
Air Void

The study investigated the behaviour of asphalt concrete mixes for aggregate gradations, according to the Iraqi specification using the Bailey method designed by an Excel spreadsheet. In mixing aggregates with varying gradations (coarse and fine aggregate), The Bailey method is a systematic methodology that offers aggregate interlocking as the backbone of the framework and a controlled gradation to complete the blends. Six types of gradation are used according to the bailey method considered in this study. Two-course prepared Asphalt Concrete Wearing and Asphalt Concrete binder, the Nominal Maximum Aggregate Sizes (NMAS) of the mixtures are 19 and 12.5 mm, respectively. The total number of specimens was 240 for both layers (15 samples) for each Chosen Unit Weight (CUW). The Marshall Test results show the increase in stability and decrease in flow and bulk density when the rise in CUW for both courses. In volumetric properties, VMA increases when the increase in CUW. When an increase in CUW air void increases gradually. The permanent deformation for the coarse aggregate (95, 100, 105% CUW) has more resistances than the fine aggregate (80, 85, 90%) wearing and binder coarse. The CUW (105%) blend of wearing, and binder course has a high value of stability and resistance to permanent deformation (11.9, 11.1 kN). The CUW above mentioned is considered a good design aggregate structure and produces improvement to the Marshall properties, leading to better performance for pavement roads and higher resistance to distresses. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091693 Full Text: PDF

Fundamental Mechanical Performances of Rubber Concrete

2012 ◽  
Vol 193-194 ◽  
pp. 1401-1404
Author(s):  
Jin Hua Xu ◽  
Xia Ting Feng ◽  
Si Li Chen ◽  
Chen Yang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Rubber Concrete

At present, waste rubber tires cause a significant environmental and human health problem. An innovative way to recycle used tires is that the waste tire rubber is used in Portland cement concrete as a portion of aggregates. In this paper, the crumbed tire rubber particles were used to replace fine aggregates, which includes two grain sizes, from 3 to 4 mm and 50-mesh.. The replacement levels were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 % by volume of the fine aggregates. Rubber concrete mixtures were produced according to mixture proportions design. The slump of fresh concrete and the unit weight of the nine mixes were examined. The mechanical properties investigation of harden concrete included determining the 28 days compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity. The study demonstrated that 5 and 15 vol% replacements with rubber powder can meet fundamental engineering demands, although substituting part of fine aggregate with fine rubber powder deteriorated mechanical properties of concrete.

Utilization of Cockle Shell (Anadara Granosa) as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Ranno Marlany Rachman ◽  
Try Sugiyarto Soeparyanto ◽  
Edward Ngii
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Blood Clam ◽  
Anadara Granosa

This research aimed to utilize Anadara Granosa (Blood clam shell) clamshell waste as a new innovation in concrete technology and to investigate the effect of Anadara Granosa clamshell powder utilization as an aggregate substitution on the concrete compressive strength. The sample size was made of cylinders with a size of 10 cm x 20 cm with variations of clamshell powder 10%, 20% and 30% from the fine aggregate volume then soaked for 28 days as per the method of the Indonesian National Standard. The evaluation results exhibited that the slump value exceeded the slump value of normal concrete with a slump value of 0% = 160 mm, 10% = 165 mm, 20% = 180 mm and 30% = 180 mm. Additionally, it was found that the concrete compressive strength obtained post 28 days were 20.78 Mpa, 21.95 Mpa, 21.17 Mpa and 24.28 Mpa for normal concrete (0%), substitution concrete (10%), substitution concrete (20%) and substitution concrete (30%), respectively. Leading on from these results, it was concluded that the increment of Anadara Granosa clamshell powder substitution led to the increase of concrete compressive strength test.

scholarly journals VARIASI JUMLAH TUMBUKAN PADA PEMADATAN CAMPURAN BETON ASPAL MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN TAMBAH ANTI STRIPPING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Eko Wiyono ◽  
Anni Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Asphalt Content

AbstractThe objectives of the research were to obtain the Marshall properties of asphalt concrete mixture mixed with variations of manual compact collisions and to determine the optimum number of compactions collisions in the asphalt concrete mixture using anti stripping additives. The independent variables in this research are variation of the number of compaction collisions of asphalt concrete as many as 2x50, 2x75, 2x100, 2x125 and 2x150, with optimum asphalt content of 6%, and Wetfix Be 0,3% to optimum asphalt content. Marshall test method used in this research was based on SNI 06-2489-1991. The dependent variables (research parameters) included percent of cavities in the aggregate (VMA), percent of cavities in the mix, percent of cavities filled in asphalt (VFB), percent of cavity to mix (VIM), stability, melting, and Marshall Quotient. The result showed that the optimum number of compactions of asphalt concrete was 2x100 with Marshall properties value fulfilling SNI 8198-2015 specification. In Asphalt concrete mixture with optimum asphalt content (KAO) of 6%, Wetfix Be level of 0,3%, optimum number of compactions of 2X100, could be obtained by Aggregate (VMA) cavity 17.50%; Asphalt filled cavity (VFB) 76.50%; Cavity to Mixture (VIM) 4,00%; Stability of 1800.00 kg; Melting of 3.75 mm; and Marshall Quontient 500.00 kg/mmKeywords: Anti Stripping, Collision, Compaction, Wetfix BeAbstrakTujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan nilai properties Marshall campuran beton aspal dengan berbagai variasi jumlah tumbukan pemadatan dan menentukan jumlah tumbukan pemadatan yang optimum pada campuran beton aspal dengan menggunakan bahan tambah anti stripping. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah variasi jumlah tumbukan pada pemadatan pembuatan beton aspal  sebanyak 2x50, 2x75, 2x100, 2x125 dan 2x150, dengan Kadar Aspal Optimum 6%, dan Wetfix Be 0,3% terhadap kadar aspal optimum. Metode pengujian Marshall berdasarkan SNI 06-2489-1991. Variabel terikat (parameter penelitian) meliputi persen rongga dalam agregat (VMA), persen rongga dalam campuran, persen rongga terisi aspal (VFB), persen rongga terhadap campuran (VIM), stabilitas, kelelehan, Marshall Quotient. Hasil penelitian didapat jumlah tumbukan pada pemadatan beton aspal yang optimum sebesar 2x100 dengan nilai properties Marshall memenuhi spesifikasi SNI 8198-2015. Campuran beton aspal dengan Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) 6%, kadar Wetfix Be sebesar 0,3%, Jumlah Tumbukan Optimum 2X100, diperoleh Rongga terhadap Agregat (VMA) 17,50%; Rongga Terisi Aspal (VFB) 76,50%; Rongga terhadap Campuran (VIM) 4,00%; Stabilitas 1800,00 kg; Kelelehan 3,75 mm; dan Marshall Quontient 500,00 kg/mmKata kunci: Anti Stripping, Tumbukan, Pemadatan, Wetfix  Be

scholarly journals BAHAN TAMBAH SERAT ECENG GONDOK PADA LASTON TIPE XI TERHADAP INDEKS MARSHALL TEST MENGGUNAKAN KERIKIL MANTUP

UKaRsT ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Sugeng Dwi Hartantyo ◽  
Rasiyo Hepiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Technical Specifications

Laston is a mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and filler with a binder under the temperature of 145-155oC with the composition being studied and regulated by technical specifications. Laston is also known as AC (Asphalt Concrete).Laston itself is commonly used in Indonesia with continuous gradations used for heavy traffic loads. To get the addictive material is not easy and the material is expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives to the cellulose fiber. Water hyacinth is a water weed that once grow and develop, it has high cellulose fiber content, which is about 60%.For that, done a research to add a hot asphalt mixture material that aims to improve the quality of mixed result. The selected material is natural water hyacinth. The method used is trial and error with reference of SNI 03-1737-1989. Variations used are 3%, 5%, and 7% of the asphalt weight, asphalt level used Is 5.61%.The result of this study is Marshall evaluation where the greatest score obtained for stability is 1325 kg,  Flow is 3.73 mm, Quotient Marshall is 401.02 kg/mm, VMA is 66.30%, VFWA is 19.25%, and VIM score is 54.35 %. With this result, the asphalt mixture can not be used because the results of VMA, VFWA, and VIM have not been suitable on specification of SNI 03-1737-1989.  Keywords: Laston, Asphalt Concrete, Water Hyacinth, SNI 03-1737-1989.

scholarly journals Studi Karakteristik Campuran AC-Base Menggunakan Batu Gunung Pura Lau Kecamatan Tikala

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Dede Novit Senolinggi ◽  
Alpius ◽  
Charles Kamba
Keyword(s):  
Test Object ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Test Tool ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Asphalt Content

This study is to get character each of Laston base mixture using the Mount Pura Lau stone, Tikala District. The methodology in this study is to test each character of the sample to be tested for its, whether it is coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler, and asphalt. After testing each character, we will design the composition of the mixture for the manufacture of rough Laston Base (AC-BASE) specimens and obtain several variants of asphalt content, namely 4.5%, 5%, 5.55%, 6%, and 6.5%. After getting the composition, the test object will be made immediately. After the object has been made, it is time to test with Marshall test tool to obtain the residual Marshall Immersion / Stability Index (SMS) or the durability of the mixture using the optimum bitumen content. The results of the optimum asphalt content were 5.5%, MQ 906.88 Kg / mm and immersion index (IP) 96.06% which showed that met the requirements, namely 90% and meets the specifications of Bina Marga. So that it can be used as a recommendation to the regional government and local residents.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrated Lime on Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus of Asphalt Concrete Produced in Half-Warm Mix Technology

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4731
Author(s):  
Mateusz M. Iwański
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Limestone Filler ◽  
Tensile Stiffness ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Half-warm mix asphalt (HWMA) mixtures can be produced at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 130 °C, depending on the production methods used. The lowest mixing temperature can be achieved by using water-foamed bitumen. The mixture should be characterized by a long service life, defined by the resistance to permanent deformation and high stiffness modulus at temperatures above zero. It is therefore important to ensure the adequately high quality of the bitumen binder. Bitumen 50/70 was provided with appropriate quality foaming characteristics (expansion ratio, ER, half-life, t1/2) by adding a surface-active agent (SAA) at 0.6 wt % before foaming. Then asphalt concrete (AC) 8 S was designed and produced with the recommended water-foamed binder. Hydrated lime, an additive substantially affecting asphalt concrete mechanical parameters, was used at 0, 15, 30, and 45 wt % as a partial replacement for the limestone filler. The influence of the amount of hydrated lime on the content of voids, indirect tensile stiffness modulus at −10 °C, 0 °C, +10 °C, +20 °C, and +30 °C, and the resistance to permanent deformation was investigated. Statistical analysis of the test results showed the quantity of 30% to be the optimum hydrated lime content. The AC 8 S resistance to permanent deformation was determined at the optimum hydrated lime content. The comprehensive evaluation revealed a synergistic effect between bitumen 50/70, modified before foaming with 0.6 wt % SAA and 30 wt % hydrated lime as the limestone filler replacement, and the half warm mixture AC 8 S, in terms of the standard requirements and durability of the HWMA concrete in pavement applications.

Suitability of Quarry Dust as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Self Compacting Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Thete Swapnil Tanajirao ◽  
D. Arpitha ◽  
Suman Saha ◽  
C. Rajasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Material Gain ◽  
Optimum Utilization ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Quarry Dust

Large quantity of the quarry dust gets produced annually in the quarries during the extraction of the crushed coarse aggregate. As a result, disposal problems of this material gain significant momentum as these disturb environmental systems also. Now-a-days many of the countries like India is facing problems of ban on the extraction of sand and lacunae in procuring of fine aggregate, which is important constituent of the concrete. To overcome this problem, present study is focused on the suitability to utilize the quarry dust in Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) partially as fine aggregate with the natural fine aggregates. In this work, quarry dust is used as replacement of sand in a different level (0%, 15%, 30%, 45% and 60%) for producing the SCC. Fresh properties such as slump flow and V-funnel time have been measured for all mixes and hardened properties as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of the concrete have been checked for all the mixes and it has been found that optimum utilization of quarry dust up to 30% can been done to produce SCC without compromising with its properties.

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