scholarly journals The Impact of Education on Fluid Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Bahram Sanginabadi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
School Construction ◽  
Regional Equity ◽  
Professional Success ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Years Of Schooling

Fluid intelligence, which refers to the ability of a person to solve novel problems independent of previously acquired knowledge, is a highly crucial factor in learning and has a big impact on educational and professional success. However, the impacts of formal education on fluid intelligence has been neglected in the literature. In this paper, we apply an exogenous variation in years of schooling to explore the impacts of education on fluid intelligence. From 1971 to the end of 1973, the global price of crude oil increased over 400%. Such an increase in oil price improved the revenue of the Indonesian government from oil production. Indonesia invested most of the new income on central government’s construction projects famous as “Presidential Instructions” (INPRES), which aimed to improve regional equity in the country. The largest INPRES program, known as Sekolah Dasar INPRES, also remains the largest school construction project in history. The government built over 60 thousand elementary schools all over the country from 1973 to 1978. Duflo (2001) studies the impacts of the program on years of education. We have received INPRES data from Duflo and combined it with the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), which contains individual cognitive ability tests. This dataset represents 83% of the population of 13 out of 26 Indonesian provinces. The results show positive and statistically significant impacts of years of schooling on the fluid intelligence of both females and males. 

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON CHILD LABOUR ISSUE IN ACEH PROVINCE INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-58
Author(s):  
YENNI ROSANA ◽  
RICHARD CHAUVEL ◽  
SIEW FANG LAW
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Laws And Regulations

This research investigates the socio-cultural meaning of child labour in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Child labour is illegal in Aceh. However, there is no enforcement of laws and regulations to prevent child labour from occurring and this daily phenomenon is escalating at an alarming rate. Furthermore, this research presents some complexities and paradoxes. While, the general assumption is that poverty is the main cause of child labour; however, this study found that children who are less poor are also working. Most of these children maintain their schooling while working. Consequently, some communities reject the impact of child labour on formal education. Many communities also see work as part of education, which teaches children responsibility, independence and self-esteem and/or pride, which represents the strong qualities of traditional Acehnese people, which has shaped the patterns and behaviours of children working in the region. The community’s perspectives and other social polemics have continued the existence of child labour in Aceh. Therefore, Although it mights be not easy for the government to take actions, it is important to consider that the reduction of child labour programs in Aceh is not merely by strengthening the implementation of laws and regulations, but also requires the understanding of community values and attitudes around the issue. Keywords: socio-cultural, Aceh, child labour, communities, education.

Impact of Mandatory Medical Insurance on Construction Contractors in Saudi Arabia

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 4529-4534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M Alsugair
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The comprehensive development in Saudi Arabia forced the private sector to bring foreign employees to assist in accomplishing this development. The number of foreign employees reached to six million people according to the late statistics. This huge number of people exerted pressure on the public free medical facilities that forced the government to issue a decree that instructs private sector to use private medical facilities for their foreign employees. The private sector dealt with this decree in different ways according to the perception of the company from providing full medical coverage for their employees to providing nothing. This has created a problem to many foreigners in which they have to pay for their medical needs. The government, then, issued a new decree that is the mandatory medical insurance. This decree requires the private sector to provide full medical coverage for their foreign employees. This decree will have an impact on the construction companies (contractors) and the cost of the construction projects. This paper presents results of a study conducted to identify the impact of the mandatory medical insurance on the construction contractors in Saudi Arabia. The methodology used was to prepare a questionnaire that investigates the objectives of this study and distributes it to the contractors. The questionnaire includes many aspects among them the impact of this decree on the company performance and the competition between contractors; how this extra expense being dealt with; and the impact on the employee. The questionnaires were distributed to 150 construction contractors and 90 questionnaires were collected. Results of the study reveal the impact of the mandatory medical insurance on the construction contractors in general and according to their classifications. In addition, the study presents the current practice implemented by contractors to provide medical care for their foreign employees.

scholarly journals Bottom-up accountability and public service provision: Evidence from a field experiment in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205316802091444
Author(s):  
Danilo Freire ◽  
Manoel Galdino ◽  
Umberto Mignozzetti
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
School Construction ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
The Impact

Does local oversight improve public service delivery? We study the effect of a mobile phone application that allows citizens to monitor school construction projects in Brazilian municipalities. The app prompts users to submit data about construction sites, sends such crowdsourced information to independent engineers, and contacts the mayors’ offices about project delays. Our results show that the app has a null impact on school construction indicators. Additionally, we find that politicians are unresponsive to individual requests. The results question the impact of bottom-up monitoring on public service performance and suggest that interventions targeted at other groups, or focused on different issues, may produce better policy outcomes.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERMINTAAN ANAK DI SUMATERA BARAT

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Dewi Zaini Putri
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
The Government ◽  
Demand For Children ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the impact of household characteristics and the parents characteristics of demand for children in West Sumatra. The data used in this study is the cross section data collected from the data KOR SUSENAS 2012. This research method using the technique of poison regression analysis. Based on the results of research: Educational wife, age at marriage, age of head of household, spending, the undertaking of the head of household, and home ownership status significantly influence the demand for children. Step in taking policy in development by the government to control the population is to increase the level of formal education such scholarships to be able to continue formal education to the higher, to provide financial assistance such as small loans, and so forth.  Keywords: demand for children, household characteristics, the characteristics of parents  Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dari karakteristik rumah tangga dan karakteristik orang tua terhadap permintaan anak di Sumatera Barat. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data cross section yang dikumpulkan dari data KOR SUSENAS tahun 2012. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi poison dan logistic. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian : Pendidikan istri, usia saat nikah, umur kepala rumah tangga, pengeluaran, lapangan usaha kepala rumah tangga, dan status kepemilikan rumah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap permintaan anak. Langkah dalam mengambil kebijakan dalam pembangunan oleh pemerintah untuk mengendalikan jumlah penduduk yaitu dengan meningkatkan tingkat pendidikan formal dengan bantuan seperti beasiswa agar mampu melanjutkan pendidikan formal kejenjang yang lebih tinggi, memberikan bantuan dana seperti kredit usaha rakyat, dan lain sebagainya.  Kata Kunci: permintaan anak, karakteristik rumah tangga, karakteristik orang tua

scholarly journals History and Types of Education in Indonesia and Its Impact on Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Patni Ninghardjanti ◽  
Wiedy Murtini ◽  
Aniek Hindrayani ◽  
Khresna Bayu Sangka
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive Officers ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Budget ◽  
The Government ◽  
Executive Officers ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>The Nawacita program framework, the Government of Indonesia is trying to improve the quality and equity of the national education system by increasing the education sector national budget to 500 trillion rupiah, and appointing the Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of the Gojek Internet Start-up company, in order to boost up the program outcome by using Information Technology (IT) as the main gap bridge in the education sectors. The unequal access to the education level in the formal, informal and non-formal education clusters is emphasizes if the education sectors problems is complex as the development problem. The government trying to tackling that problem by developing the suitable curriculum, and maximization of the use of IT in the education sectors to improve the quality and equity for the education. In this research, the correlation between the rapid development of education sectors and the impact to the national economy is analyzed by using the Solow models which said if the investment of human capital, including to the education sectors is one of the main bridge to achieve the status as advanced nation. This research is concluded if the formal education sector have direct and significant impact to the economic sector, then the informal and non-formal educations sectors act as supporting unit in order to achieve the quality and equity, in order to improve the education access.</em></p>

Evaluate the UK Construction Project Impact and Response Strategies during the Epidemic through Malaysia and China

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 (3&4) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Abdussalam Shibani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

2020 is a special year, this year the world’s economy has become extremely unstable because of the arrival of COVID-19. Idiosyncratic shocks have hit the global economy. The stock market has suspended, companies have closed, unemployment has soared, every industry has faced the biggest crisis since the Second World War. The British construction industry is certainly no exception. This time it will be the victim of this epidemic and the financial crisis. Compared with the European and American countries, the impact of the epidemic in Asia (Malaysia and China) is relatively light. The development of the epidemic situation in these countries has been controlled relatively effectively and strictly controlled. They are inextricably linked. However, the impact of construction projects in any area under the epidemic, the countermeasures adopted by the government, the epidemic prevention measures adopted by the company and the risk prevention strategy are very different. Therefore, under different circumstances, whether it is from the construction industry managers themselves or government policymakers, it is essential to apply correct and valid management measures to face the projects under construction under the epidemic actively. Simultaneously, collect statistics from questionnaire surveys of three countries in the region, then get an experimental result. Besides, different countries have different policies and forms of epidemic development. So, this research will summarize the corresponding policies and coping strategies of the project. It based on statistics of Malaysia and Chinese construction Projects, surveys for five projects to make comparisons than do statistics to the survey result.

scholarly journals ONLINE V/S TRADITIONAL PEDAGOGY IN PRESENT EDUCATION:A CRITICAL VIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Dr. Gaonkar Gopalakrishna M ◽  
Mr. Manjunatha M
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Traditional Pedagogy ◽  
The Impact

"Globalisation, new technologies and demographic developments constitute an enormous challenge; one of the answers to this problem is the access to lifelong learning." - (Jan Figel) Technology has dominated all spheres of life. The education is also one of the fields where we can see the impact of information technology. Over several years the education process has seen drastic changes in imparting knowledge. During the last few years, it has been seen, an almost exponential development and growth of the digitalization, automation and the internet, with little sign of a slowdown. No longer is Internet access restricted to a few selected education establishments it is now available to anyone in their place of work, local libraries, the Internet sites and even in the home. It is the information that has becomes the key to the success in different walks of life. At the time of independence, India inherited an education system with glaring disparities between males and females, between upper and lower classes, between economically advantaged and disadvantaged groups and urban and rural population. Consequently, one of the primary responsibilities of the Government of India after independence was to make education available to all people. This responsibility was sought to be realized through the opening of more and more primary schools, secondary schools and colleges. However, the formal education system alone was found to be unable to meet the demand for education. KEYWORDS: Online, Traditional, Education, Pedagogy, Internet,

Impact of COVID-19 on project performance in the UAE construction industry

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sami Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Shafiq ◽  
Muneeb Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the global economy and, thus, the global construction industry. This paper aims to study the impact of COVID-19 on construction project performance in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative and exploratory approach to investigate the impact of COVID-19 and its policies on project performance in the UAE construction industry in critical areas of the project management body of knowledge (e.g. schedule, cost, resources and contracts). Semi-structured interview questions were asked from ten construction professional to obtain valuable insights into the pandemic’s effects on the UAE construction industry and the effectiveness of policies implemented to rectify the damage and identify the industry’s new normal. Findings The findings indicate that the construction industry faced several challenges such as schedule delays, disrupted cashflows, delayed permits, approvals and inspections, travel restrictions, serious health and safety concerns, material and equipment shortages, among others which hindered the timely delivery of construction projects. It also indicates that efforts made by the government institutions and the construction industry of the UAE such as economic support programs, digitization of processes, fee and fine waivers, health facilities, among other statutory relaxations proved effective in supporting the construction industry against the adverse effects of the pandemic. Research limitations/implications The research findings are limited to the literature review and ten semi-structured interviews seeking an expert’s opinion from industry professionals working in the UAE construction industry. The research team did not get access to project documents, contracts and project progress reports which may be required to validate the interview findings, and to perform an in-depth analysis quantifying the impact of COVID 19 on construction projects performance, which is a limitation of this research. Practical implications The implication is that, owing to the imposed lockdowns and strict precautionary measures to curb the rapid spread of the pandemic, smooth execution of the construction project across the country was affected. The government institutions and stakeholders of the construction projects introduced and implemented various techniques and solutions which effectively handled the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on the construction industry of the UAE. Originality/value This study has identified the challenges faced by the construction industry of the UAE in the context of the management of project schedule, project cost, construction contracts, health and safety of construction employees and other related aspects of the construction projects. This study also identified the techniques and solutions adopted by various public and private institutions of the country and their implications on construction projects. Therefore, this study provides guidelines for policymakers and future research studies alike.

scholarly journals Sequential Multilingualism and Cognitive Abilities: Preliminary Data on the Contribution of Language Proficiency and Use in Different Modalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlijne Boumeester ◽  
Marije C. Michel ◽  
Valantis Fyndanis
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Listening Proficiency ◽  
L2 Listening ◽  
Disengagement Of Attention ◽  
The Impact

This exploratory study focuses on sequential bi-/multilinguals (specifically, nonimmigrant young Dutch native speakers who learned at least one foreign language (FL) at or after the age of 5) and investigates the impact of proficiency-based and amount-of-use-based degrees of multilingualism in different modalities (i.e., speaking, listening, writing, reading) on inhibition, disengagement of attention, and switching. Fifty-four participants completed a comprehensive background questionnaire, a nonverbal fluid intelligence task, a Flanker task, and the Trail Making Test. Correlational and regression analyses considering multilingualism related variables and other variables that may contribute to the cognitive abilities under investigation (e.g., years of formal education, socioeconomic status, physical activity, playing video-games) revealed that only proficiency-based degrees of multilingualism impacted cognitive abilities. Particularly, mean FL writing proficiency affected inhibition (i.e., significant positive flanker effect) and L2 listening proficiency influenced disengagement of attention (i.e., significant negative sequential congruency effect). Our findings suggest that only those speakers who have reached a certain proficiency threshold in more than one FL show a cognitive advantage, which, in our sample, emerged in inhibition only. Furthermore, our study suggests that, regarding the impact of proficiency-based degrees of multilingualism on cognitive abilities, for our participants the writing and listening modalities mattered most.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Powtoon dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Representasi IPA di Tengah Pandemi Covid 19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-124
Author(s):  
Syaiful Arif* ◽  
Amalia Muthoharoh
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
World Health ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Ability Tests ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The Hubei Province of Wuhan, China, is the starting point for the transmission of the Covid-19 virus. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 which causes the Covid-19 virus to spread globally to Indonesia. The World Health Organization says that the Covid-19 virus can spread quickly and its effects span all aspects. The impact and prevention efforts in Indonesia require that all activities from studying, working and worshiping be carried out at home. The government urges the public to do social distancing, which means no crowd of 5 people is allowed. The impact on education requires learning without face to face so that in responding to this the teacher is advised to use distance learning. Renewal of distance learning can take advantage of cyber systems. One of the uses of cyber systems is the powtoon media. Powtoon media can develop 21th century skills, namely the ability to represent and learn without time and space boundaries. This study aims to develop powtoon-based learning media in improving the ability of science representation. Stages of developing media 1) preliminary study, 2) development stages, and 3) product testing. Sampling using random sampling techniques and cluster random sampling. Data were collected by direct observation, questionnaires, and multiple choice ability tests (pre-test and post-test). Then the analysis technique uses validity, practicality, and effectiveness which are described descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the results of the development of data processing the validity of the material and media, the average value was 88.00 and 91.00 while the practicality average value was 88.00 then the effectiveness in the experimental class was 61.38 while the control class was 48.20. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be seen that the powtoon media is feasible to be implemented, helps facilitate understanding and increases the representation ability of students

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