scholarly journals Pomological Characteristics of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Selections in Serbia and the Possibility of Growing in Intensive Organic Orchards

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Bijelić ◽  
Branislava Gološin ◽  
Slobodan Cerović ◽  
Borivoje Bogdanović
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Organic Orchards

The Cornelian cherry, which can be used as both food and medicine, is highly tolerant to diseases and pests, so it is a rare plant species that can be grown without chemicals and it is capable of fruit bearing under modest agrotechnical conditions. In Serbia, over 500 Cornelian cherry genotypes have been monitored and observed in all morphological and chemical characteristics and registered a very large variation in flowering time and maturity, morphometric properties of fruits and nutrient content. Based on the last three years results, this paper shows pomological characterization for five the best selections that can be recommended for reproduction by specially developed technology to the Faculty of Agriculture in Novi Sad, and their benefits of growing in organic orchards. Phenological observations showed that the earliest start of flowering was noted for Apatinski rani and R1 (mid-January) while later flowering was in Bačka and PPC1 (end of January). At the latest flowering registered in CPC16 (in early February). Although Cornelian cherry flowers early, before leafing, fruits ripen very late. In the average for all study years, the earliest start of ripening fruit was found in PPC1, following Apatinski rani and CPC16 (mid-July) while latest start ripe fruit Bačka (in early August). On the basis of morphometric measurements clearly stands out PPC1 from the fruits of maximum mass (6.60 g) and flesh ratio (88.75%), followed by R1 (4.55 g; 87.84%). All other genotypes have a weight over 3 g and flesh ratio over than 80%. The average the total soluble solids, total acidity, total sugar, vitamin C and anthocyanins were 20.22%; 2.59%; 16.28%; 19.13 mg/100 g; 87.00 mg/g, respectively, for all examined genotypes.

scholarly journals (105) Variation in Cornelian Cherry Phytonutrient Capacity

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1038E-1039
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ozgen ◽  
Artemio Z. Tulio ◽  
Ann M. Chanon ◽  
Nithya Janakiraman ◽  
R. Neil Reese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Limited Sample ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Hue Angle ◽  
Highly Correlated

To investigate the variation in the phytonutrients of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.), fruit was harvested at the blush (S1), red (S2), and ripe (S3) stages from five genotypes maintained at the Secrest Arboretum, Wooster, Ohio. The S1-S3 samples were characterized for color reflectance and then frozen at –28 °C. After storage, samples were analyzed for dry weight (DW), total soluble solids (TSS), sugars (FRU + GLU), organic acids (ORG), total phenols (PHE), total anthocyanins (ACY), individual anthocyanins (IA), hydroyzable tannins (HT), and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS). From S1 to S3, DW and TSS increased by 24% and 21%, respectively, and L, hue angle, and chroma values decreased. On a DW basis, all analytical parameters were significantly influenced by genotype and stage. The ACY levels rose 7-fold during ripening, but PHE contents declined by 10%. In ripe fruit, HT comprised the bulk of the PHE constituents, whereas ACY accounted for only 7.6% of PHE levels. Variability among genotypes was moderate for all ripe fruit parameters but ACY. Ripe fruit varied little in color parameters and ACY (fwb) and IA (fwb) were not significantly different among cultivars. The Cy 3-gal and pel 3-gal levels were negatively correlated. Antioxidant capacity declined 16% to 18% during ripening. Ripe fruit FRAP and ABTS values were higher than those reported for most fruits, averaging 596 ± 85 and 629 ± 85 μmol TE eq./gDW, respectively. ABTS and FRAP values were highly correlated with each other and with PHE and HT contents, but were loosely and negatively related to ACY levels. Considering our limited sample size, we concluded that the phytonutrient capacity of cornelian cherry is substantial, predominantly associated with tannins and moderately variable among genotypes.

scholarly journals Some Fruit Characteristics of Iranian Cornelian Cherries (Cornus mas L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid HASSANPOUR ◽  
Yousef HAMIDOGHLI ◽  
Habibollah SAMIZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
The North ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
North Eastern

Although the Cornelian Cherry is widely grown in the north-eastern areas of Iran, it is not recognized as an important fruit crop as are many other fruit species. Large variability has been observed in all morphological and chemical compositions under study. Fruit weight varied from 1.499 to 3.29 g, whereas seed weight ranged from 0.249 to 0.425 g. The average lengths of fruits were between 15.22 and 22.31 mm, and the average widths of them were between 10.26-16.3 mm. The content of ascorbic acid ranged from 240-360 mg/ 100 g fresh weight. The total soluble solids and total acidity were 5-12.5% and 0.43-1.86% respectively. Grouping of Cornelian Cherry accessions based on 5 factors was performed and were divided into three sub-clusters. The results obtained from this study might be helpful for Cornelian Cherry breeders trying to develop new genotypes and varieties.

scholarly journals Biological traits of cornelian cherry genotypes (Cornus mas L.) from territory of Montenegro

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vuceta Jacimovic ◽  
Djina Bozovic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Fruit Mass

In this paper are presented three years data (2009-2011) of biological traits of 30 cornelian cherry genotypes selected from the natural population of the region Upper Polimlje in Montenegro. Time of maturity, cropping, fruit and stone weight, size, fruit shape index and peel colour, content of flesh in total fruit mass and the soluble solids continent are presented. The aim of this paper is selection and preservation of cornelian cherry genotypes from natural population of Upper Polimlje that deserve attention due to their biological traits and recommendation of these genotypes for future propagation in present agricultural conditions or as a starting material in breeding of this fruit species. Genotypes BA 70, BP 04, BP 17 and BP 44 with high cropping coefficient from 0.34 to 0.50 are worthy of attention as a big biological potential. For table consumption genotypes BA 70 and BP 21 are interesting, with fruit weight above 4 g, and genotypes PL 98, BP 44, PL 99, BP 36 and BP 22 with content of flesh in total fruit mass above 89% for processing. High content of soluble solids in the fruit, above 19%, are characteristic for genotypes BP 01, BP 06, BA 13, BP 38 and BP 40.

scholarly journals Effect of Picking Dates on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Karonda (Carissa Carandas L.) Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suneeta Singh ◽  
A. K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Physico Chemical

An experiment was carried out during 2017-18 at Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences, District Dehradun, Uttarakhand to see the effect of picking dates on physico-chemical characteristics of Karonda cultivars. The treatments comprised three different dates of picking of berries (40, 60 and 80 Days after fruit set) and three cultivars viz Pant Manohar, Pant Sudarshan and Pant Suvarna. All the 9 treatment combinations were laid out in a 3 x 3 factorial randomized block design with 3 replications. Observations were recorded at three different picking dates. The treatment combination C3D3 (Pant Suvarna + 80 Days after fruit set) was found better in terms of moisture, total soluble solids, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, total sugar, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, phosphorous, calcium and iron content i.e. maximum moisture content (89.41%), highest TSS (8.53ºBrix), highest reducing sugar (6.20%), highest non-reducing sugar (2.03%), highest total sugar (8.33%), highest iron (6.74 mg/100g), maximum ascorbic acid (12.06 mg/100g) and lowest titratable acidity (1.74%), followed by C1D3 (Pant Manohar + 80 Days after fruit set) and C2D3 (Pant Sudarshan + 80 Days after fruit set). The treatment combination C3D2 (Pant Suvarna + 60 Days after fruit set) recorded maximum pectin content.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SEVERAL ECOTYPES OF CORNELIAN CHERRY (Cornus mas L.) IN POLISH CONDIOTIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Iwona Szot ◽  
Tomasz Lipa ◽  
Bożena Sosnowska
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas

Cornelian cherry is a little-known plant that can be grown in Poland both on a commercial and amateur scale. The commercial cornelian cherry plantations should be established using selected cultivars or vegetatively propagated valuable ecotypes, as only this guarantees a uniform yield, maturation and standardization of fruit quality. The experiment was carried out in 2014 and 2015 in the private plantation of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) located in Dąbrowica, near Lublin (22.454 N; 51.270 E). The subject of the research were ecotypes No.: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 obtained as seedlings in 1998. Cornelian cherry plants obtained from seeds differed very much in the yield and quality of fruit. The fruit characteristics for the examined ecotypes ranged to 1.63–2.21 g for fruit weight, 1.30–1.61 for fruit shape index, 10.13–15.32% for content of stone, 17.85–22.68% for soluble solids content (SSC), 2.32–3.0% for titratable acidity (TA), 6.59–8.36 for SSC/TA, 54.9–75.97 for vitamin C content. Among the ecotypes studied in terms of external fruit features, ecotypes No. 3 and 4 were distinguished due to the largest fruits (mass and diameter) and relatively small share of the stone in the whole mass of the fruit. However, due to the chemical composition, the fruits of ecotype No. 5 were distinguished by the content of extract, extract to acids ratio, sugar, dry matter, anthocyanins and vitamin C content. These fruits enjoyed 55% strong acceptability among adults. The indicated ecotypes can be used in breeding as well as in nursery for obtaining valuable varieties of cornelian cherry for production in Poland.

Fruit Characteristics of Different Varieties of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Cultivated in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Jurečková ◽  
Pavel Diviš ◽  
Jitka Cetkovská ◽  
Milena Vespalcová ◽  
Jaromír Pořízka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas

Yield and evaluation of F1 tomato hybrids incorporating the non-ripening nor gene

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (120) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
WB McGlasson ◽  
JB Sumeghy ◽  
LL Morris ◽  
RL McBride ◽  
DJ Best ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Parental Genotype ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Heterozygous Condition ◽  
Ripe Stage ◽  
Colour Development

F1 hybrids of the nor non-ripening mutant tomato in different genotypic backgrounds were evaluated between 1978-81. The nor gene in the heterozygous condition delayed the start of ripening by a few days, increased the interval between breaker and the table ripe stage to 10 d at 21�C compared with 6 d for fixed cultivars and increased the storage life of ripe fruit at 21�C by about 50%. The retention of firmness by ripe fruit of the hybrids was affected by parental genotype. Fruit of some hybrids was firmer or as firm as fruit of the hard commercial Flora-Dade but others were much softer. A major problem with fruit of F1 nor hybrids was poor colour development. The fruit ripened to an orange-red colour, and strains with green shoulders developed an unattractive yellow on the shoulders. This deficiency was most pronounced in fruit picked before the appearance of red colour. The best hybrid found in this study was 75T10-1 x nor backcross 4 or 5 Heinz 1350. Fruit size, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, total ascorbic acid levels and acceptability except external colour of table ripe fruit appeared to be influenced by the parental genotype rather than by the nor gene. Since there were marked differences between hybrids with different genotypic backgrounds, it should be possible to breed nor hybrids with improved colour and firmness.

Manipulating fruit chloroplasts as a strategy to improve fruit quality

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan B. Bennett ◽  
Arthur A. Schaffer ◽  
Ilan Levin ◽  
Marina Petreikov ◽  
Adi Doron-Faigenboim
Keyword(s):  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Functional Alleles ◽  
Sugar Levels

The Original Objectives were modified and two were eliminated to reflect the experimental results: Objective 1 - Identify additional genetic variability in SlGLK2 and IPin wild, traditional and heirloom tomato varieties Objective 2 - Determine carbon balance and horticultural characteristics of isogenic lines expressing functional and non-functional alleles of GLKsand IP Background: The goal of the research was to understand the unique aspects of chloroplasts and photosynthesis in green fruit and the consequences of increasing the chloroplast capacity of green fruit for ripe fruit sugars, yield, flavor and nutrient qualities. By focusing on the regulation of chloroplast formation and development solely in fruit, our integrated knowledge of photosynthetic structures/organs could be broadened and the results of the work could impact the design of manipulations to optimize quality outputs for the agricultural fruit with enhanced sugars, nutrients and flavors. The project was based on the hypothesis that photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic plastid metabolism in green tomato fruit is controlled at a basal level by light for minimal energy requirements but fruit-specific genes regulate further development of robust chloroplasts in this organ. Our BARD project goals were to characterize and quantitate the photosynthesis and chloroplast derived products impacted by expression of a tomato Golden 2- like 2 transcription factor (US activities) in a diverse set of 31 heirloom tomato lines and examine the role of another potential regulator, the product of the Intense Pigment gene (IP activities). Using tomato Golden 2-like 2 and Intense Pigment, which was an undefined locus that leads to enhanced chloroplast development in green fruit, we sought to determine the benefits and costs of extensive chloroplast development in fruit prior to ripening. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter, coding and intronicSlGLK2 sequences of 20 heirloom tomato lines were identified and three SlGLK2 promoter lineages were identified; two lineages also had striped fruit variants. Lines with striped fruit but no shoulders were not identified. Green fruit chlorophyll and ripe fruit soluble sugar levels were measured in 31 heirloom varieties and fruit size correlates with ripe fruit sugars but dark shoulders does not. A combination of fine mapping, recombinant generation, RNAseq expression and SNP calling all indicated that the proposed localization of a single locus IP on chr 10 was incorrect. Rather, the IP line harbored 11 separate introgressions from the S. chmielewskiparent, scattered throughout the genome. These introgressions harbored ~3% of the wild species genome and no recombinant consistently recovered the IP parental phenotype. The 11 introgressions were dissected into small combinations in segregating recombinant populations. Based on these analyses two QTL for Brix content were identified, accounting for the effect of increased Brix in the IP line. Scientific and agricultural implications: SlGLK2 sequence variation in heirloom tomato varieties has been identified and can be used to breed for differences in SlGLK2 expression and possibly in the green striped fruit phenotype. Two QTL for Brix content have been identified in the S. chmielewskiparental line and these can be used for increasing soluble solids contents in breeding programs. 

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