scholarly journals On the Transient Three-Dimensional Tribodynamics of Internal Combustion Engine Top Compression Ring

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Baker ◽  
S. Theodossiades ◽  
R. Rahmani ◽  
H. Rahnejat ◽  
B. Fitzsimons
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Compression Ring ◽  
Frictional Losses ◽  
Harmful Emissions

There are increasing pressures upon the automotive industry to reduce harmful emissions as well as meeting the key objective of enhanced fuel efficiency, while improving or retaining the engine output power. The losses in an internal combustion (IC) engine can be divided into thermal and parasitic as well as due to gas leakage because of untoward compression ring motions. Frictional losses are particularly of concern at low engine speeds, assuming a greater share of the overall losses. Piston–cylinder system accounts for nearly half of all the frictional losses. Loss of sealing functionality of the ring pack can also contribute significantly to power losses as well as exacerbating harmful emissions. The dynamics of compression ring is inexorably linked to its tribological performance, a link which has not been made in many reported analyses. A fundamental understanding of the interplay between the top compression ring three-dimensional elastodynamic behavior, its sealing function and contribution to the overall frictional losses is long overdue. This paper provides a comprehensive integrated transient elastotribodynamic analysis of the compression ring to cylinder liner and its retaining piston groove lands' conjunctions, an approach not hitherto reported in the literature. The methodology presented aims to aid the piston ring design evaluation processes. Realistic engine running conditions are used which constitute international drive cycle testing conditions.

Numerical Simulation of Porous Medium Internal Combustion Engine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mohammadi ◽  
Ali Jazayeri ◽  
Masoud Ziabasharhagh
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Flammability Limits ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Engine Simulation ◽  
Homogeneous Combustion

Porous media (PM) has interesting advantages compared with free flame combustion due to the higher burning rates, the increased power range, the extension of the lean flammability limits, and the low emissions of pollutants. Future internal combustion (IC) engines should have had minimum emissions level, under possible lowest fuel consumption permitted at all operational conditions. This may be achieved by realization of homogeneous combustion process in engine. In this paper, possibility of using PM in direct injection IC engine, with cylindrical geometry for PM to have homogeneous combustion, is examined. A three-dimensional numerical model for the regenerative engine is presented in this study based on a modified version of the KIVA-3V code that is very popular for engine simulation. Methane as a fuel is injected directly inside hot PM that is assumed mounted in cylinder head. Very lean mixture is formed and volumetric combustion occurs in PM. Mixture formation, pressure, temperature distribution in both phases of PM and in-cylinder fluid with the production of pollutants CO and NO, in the closed part of the cycle is studied.

scholarly journals Energy loss and emissions of engine compression rings with cylinder deactivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702098286
Author(s):  
Robert Turnbull ◽  
Nader Dolatabadi ◽  
Ramin Rahmani ◽  
Homer Rahnejat
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Cylinder Deactivation ◽  
Gas Leakage ◽  
Compression Ring ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Hc Emissions

A novel integrated multi-physics assessment of the piston top compression ring of an internal combustion engine under normal operation mode, as well as subjected to cylinder deactivation is carried out. The methodology comprises ring-liner thermo-mixed hydrodynamics, elastodynamics of ring, as well as combustion gas blow-by and emissions. Therefore, the analysis provides prediction of ring-liner contact’s energy losses and gas power leakage across the piston and ring crevices, as well as the resulting emissions. Cylinder deactivation (CDA) technology reduces the unburnt fuel entering the ring-pack crevices, as well as the emissions. It is also shown that the frictional and gas leakage power losses are exacerbated under CDA by as much as 20%. Although this is much lower than the potential gains in fuel usage when using CDA. The optimisation of the piston compression ring would provide further fuel efficiency and improved emissions, an issue which has not hitherto received the attention which it deserves. The in-depth analysis has also shown that CDA reduces the predicted CO, NOx and HC emissions by nearly as much as 8.5%, 10% and 8.7%, respectively.

Three-Dimensional Balancing of the Stiller-Smith Mechanism for Application to an Eight-Cylinder IC Engine

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Smith ◽  
A. D. McKisic ◽  
R. Craven ◽  
J. Prucz
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Double Cross

The Stiller-Smith Mechanism employs a double cross-slider to convert linear reciprocating motion into rotational motion. It has previously been shown that a four-cylinder configuration utilizing this motion conversion device can be balanced in two dimensions. The inherent planar nature of this mechanism makes it possible to produce a compact, eight-cylinder configuration for use as an internal combustion engine which is balanced in three dimensions. This paper develops and presents the necessary requirements for such a balanced engine. Relative merits of various configurations are discussed and analytical results of different balancing schemes are presented.

Computation of the Instantaneous Frictional Losses of Internal Combustion Engine Components

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giscard A. Kfoury ◽  
Nabil G. Chalhoub
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Frictional Losses ◽  
Engine Components

An inverse dynamics scheme, based on a detailed differential-algebraic model of the crank-slider mechanism of a single cylinder internal combustion (IC) engine, is developed for the computation of the instantaneous frictional losses of engine components. The proposed approach requires accurate measurements of the independent and superfluous coordinates of the crank-slider mechanism as well as their time derivatives. This was achieved by implementing a sliding mode observer, previously developed by the authors, to provide the required estimates of the state variables. The aforementioned observer is suitable for use with differential-algebraic nonlinear equations of motion and was shown to be robust to both modeling imprecision and external disturbances. The digital simulation results show the capability of the combined inverse dynamics scheme with the observer in producing good estimates of the instantaneous frictional losses of the various engine components.

scholarly journals Recovery of Exhaust Waste Heat for ICE Using the Beta Type Stirling Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wail Aladayleh ◽  
Ali Alahmer
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Exhaust Waste Heat ◽  
Useful Power ◽  
Shaft Power

This paper investigates the potential of utilizing the exhaust waste heat using an integrated mechanical device with internal combustion engine for the automobiles to increase the fuel economy, the useful power, and the environment safety. One of the ways of utilizing waste heat is to use a Stirling engine. A Stirling engine requires only an external heat source as wasted heat for its operation. Because the exhaust gas temperature may reach 200 to 700°C, Stirling engine will work effectively. The indication work, real shaft power and specific fuel consumption for Stirling engine, and the exhaust power losses for IC engine are calculated. The study shows the availability and possibility of recovery of the waste heat from internal combustion engine using Stirling engine.

Ethers and esters as alternative fuels for internal combustion engine: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110464
Author(s):  
Yang Hua
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Ic Engine

Ether and ester fuels can work in the existing internal combustion (IC) engine with some important advantages. This work comprehensively reviews and summarizes the literatures on ether fuels represented by DME, DEE, DBE, DGM, and DMM, and ester fuels represented by DMC and biodiesel from three aspects of properties, production and engine application, so as to prove their feasibility and prospects as alternative fuels for compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) engines. These studies cover the effects of ether and ester fuels applied in the form of single fuel, mixed fuel, dual-fuel, and multi-fuel on engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics. The evaluation indexes mainly include torque, power, BTE, BSFC, ignition delay, heat release rate, pressure rise rate, combustion duration, exhaust gas temperature, CO, HC, NOx, PM, and smoke. The results show that ethers and esters have varying degrees of impact on engine performance, combustion and emissions. They can basically improve the thermal efficiency of the engine and reduce particulate emissions, but their effects on power, fuel consumption, combustion process, and CO, HC, and NOx emissions are uncertain, which is due to the coupling of operating conditions, fuel molecular structure, in-cylinder environment and application methods. By changing the injection strategy, adjusting the EGR rate, adopting a new combustion mode, adding improvers or synergizing multiple fuels, adverse effects can be avoided and the benefits of oxygenated fuel can be maximized. Finally, some challenges faced by alternative fuels and future research directions are analyzed.

scholarly journals Real Time Neutron Radiography Applications in Gas Turbine and Internal Combustion Engine Technology

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Lindsay ◽  
C. W. Kauffman
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines

Real Time Neutron Radiography (RTNR) is rapidly becoming a valuable tool for nondestructive testing and basic research with a wide variety of applications in the field of engine technology. The Phoenix Memorial Laboratory (PML) at the University of Michigan has developed a RTNR facility and has been using this facility to study several phenomena that have direct application to internal combustion and gas turbine engines. These phenomena include; 1) the study of coking and debris deposition in several gas turbine nozzles (including the JT8D), 2) the study of lubrication problems in operating standard internal combustion engines and in operating automatic transmissions (1, 2, 3), 3) the location of lubrication blockage and subsequent imaging of the improvement obtained from design changes, 4) the imaging of sprays inside metallic structures in both a two-dimensional, standard radiographic manner (4, 5) and in a computer reconstructed, three-dimensional, tomographic manner (2, 3), and 5) the imaging of the fuel spray from an injector in a single cylinder diesel engine while the engine is operating. This paper will show via slides and real time video, the above applications of RTNR as well as other applications not directly related to gas turbine engines.

Analysis of Biodiesel Spray Combustion in Internal-Combustion Engine using Multidimensional Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Zheng ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Tianqi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Phase Control ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Spray Combustion ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Fuel Temperature ◽  
Ic Engine

With the rapid scale expansion of the first generation of bio-liquid fuels, its impact on the prices of agricultural products, food security and the environment has begun to emerge and attracted extensive attention from governments and academia. A new multi-dimensional model of biodiesel spray combustion in an internal combustion (IC) engine is designed. Firstly, the BP neural network mining model is used to extract the spray combustion data of the IC engine. Then, based on the combustion data of biodiesel load in an internal combustion engine, burning rate and heat release, the principle of spray combustion of biodiesel is analyzed. Finally, from the two aspects of gas-phase control and liquid phase control, a multi-dimensional model of biodiesel spray combustion in IC engine is established and the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel in IC engine are analyzed. The research results show that the model can effectively analyze the effect of load and fuel temperature on the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel and the results of the model are almost the same as the actual data and the calculation accuracy is high. It is an effective method for studying the spray combustion characteristics of biodiesel.

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