Comparative Performance of a Solar Screen With Respect to Perforation Ratio: Illuminance and Energy Saving

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam M. Alawadhi
Keyword(s):  
Design Patterns ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Visual Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Illuminance Level ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
The Impact

The objectives of sustainable building design are to provide the comfort to the occupants and to eliminate negative environmental impacts of its operations. In this regard, windows play a crucial role in saving energy used for electrical lights and enhancing the indoor visual environment. Excessive sunlight penetration through the windows could increase the heat gains and create the uncomfortable visual environment. Hence, external shading devices, such as solar screens, control the sunlight penetration and minimize its negative effects. The objectives of this research are to provide new insight into the impact of installing the solar screen on the indoor visual environment and heat gain through the window. Experimental measurements are conducted in extreme weather month and window direction, in June and for West facing façade window. Three design patterns of the solar screen were considered with perforation ratios of 12.5%, 25%, and 35%. Without a solar screen, the results show that there is a significant illuminance level variation in the indoor space, between 200 and 2250 Lux. However, if a solar screen with 12.5% perforation ratio is installed, the illuminance level in entire indoor space becomes uniform, it is maintained at 400 Lux during the daytime, and thereby visual comfort is attained. Additionally, the heat gain through the window is decreased by 52.8%, and the window is prevented from heating up during the daytime.

scholarly journals The Impact of Aspect Ratio on External Heat Gain of Multi-storey Office Buildings in Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Wasiska Iyati ◽  
◽  
Eryani Nurma Yulita ◽  
Jusuf Thojib ◽  
Heru Sufianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
External Heat ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
The Impact

The narrow land in big cities such as Jakarta, increases the amount of high rise building, especially multi-storey office building. Office building consumes much energy to provide air conditioning to meet the thermal comfort inside the building. On the other hand, the building shape, building envelope, and building orientation to the sun's position are the main factors in building design aspects that affect the amount of cooling load. This study aims to investigate the impact of the aspect ratio or the ratio of the longer dimension of an oblong plan to the shorter, on external heat gain of multi-storey office building. Variables examined include the transparent and solid area of building envelope, the total area of the surface of the building envelope in any orientation, and the volume of the building, as well as the influence of those proportion on the external heat gain. This study uses mathematical calculations to predict the cooling load of the building, particularly external heat gain through the walls, roof and glass, as well as comparative analysis of models studied. The study also aims to generate the design criteria of building form and proportion of multi-storey office buildings envelope with lower external heat gain. In Jakarta climatic conditions, the result on rectangular building plan with aspect ratio of 1 to 4 shows that the external heat gain did not differ significantly, and the smallest heat gain is found on the aspect ratio of 1.8. Results also showed that the greater aspect ratio, the greater reduction of external heat gain obtained by changing the orientation of the longest side facing east-west into the north-south, about 2.79% up to 42.14% on the aspect ratio of 1.1 to 4. In addition, it is known that in same building volume, changing the number of floors from 10 to 50 can improve the external heat gain almost twice.

scholarly journals Modeling Nearly Zero Energy Buildings for Sustainable Development in Rural Areas

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Khakian ◽  
Mehrdad Karimimoshaver ◽  
Farshid Aram ◽  
Soghra Zoroufchi Benis ◽  
Amir Mosavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
The Impact

The energy performance of buildings and energy-saving measures have been widely investigated in recent years. However, little attention has been paid to buildings located in rural areas. The aim of this study is to assess the energy performance of two-story residential buildings located in the mountainous village of Palangan in Iran and to evaluate the impact of multiple parameters, namely building orientation, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glazing type, shading devices, and insulation, on its energy performance. To attain a nearly zero energy building design in rural areas, the building is equipped with photovoltaic modules. The proposed building design is then economically evaluated to ensure its viability. The findings indicate that an energy saving of 29% can be achieved compared to conventional buildings, and over 22 MWh of electricity can be produced on an annual basis. The payback period is assessed at 21.7 years. However, energy subsidies are projected to be eliminated in the near future, which in turn may reduce the payback period.

scholarly journals Partial Daylight Autonomy (DAp): A New Lighting Dynamic Metric to Optimize the Design of Windows for Seasonal Use Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8228
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ruiz ◽  
Miguel Ángel Campano ◽  
Ignacio Acosta ◽  
Óscar Luque
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Simulation Process ◽  
Illuminance Level ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Metrics ◽  
Accurate Indicator

Nowadays, daylight dynamic metrics are the most useful indicators to quantify the use of natural light, with daylight autonomy (DA) being one of the most widespread among all of them. This metric represents the percentage of the occupied time throughout the year in an indoor space when daylight reaches the minimum illuminance level to develop a specific task. Accordingly, the higher the percentage of DA, the shorter the switching on time of electric lighting. However, this metric considers for its calculations all business days of a whole standard year, and is thus not an accurate indicator for seasonal use spaces such as school classrooms. In this context, a variant of this metric is proposed, namely partial daylight autonomy (DAp), which is a non-lineal derivation of DA that considers those seasonal use spaces, helping to define the real percentage of indoor daylight use in order to properly quantify the accurate switching on time of electric lighting and therefore its energy consumption. As deduced from the analysis, the more precise results provided by DAp reach divergences close to 10% in comparison with the original conception of DA. Thus, this metric serves to estimate more accurately the impact on energy consumption if an electric lighting control system is implemented through lux meters. This new proposal has been monitored under real sky conditions in a test cell, providing converging results with those observed in the simulation process.

scholarly journals Environmental Heat Stress on Indoor Environments in Shallow, Deep and Covered Atrium Plan Form Office Buildings in Tropics

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Rajapaksha
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
Colombo Plan ◽  
Night Ventilation

Environmental heat stress on buildings through façades contributes to indoor overheating and thus increases demand for energy consumption. The study analyzed the problem, heat gain risk, of modern air-conditioned multi-level office buildings in tropics, for example Colombo. Plan form, orientation, sectional form and envelope were identified and theorized to understand design interventions to reduce the risk of getting heat stress on indoor environments. On-site thermal performance investigations in multi zones of identified three typical built forms, namely; shallow, deep and covered atrium plan forms, quantified the heat stress. Reaching the daytime indoor and surface temperature in peripheral zones of multi-story office buildings during air conditioning “off-mode” up to 38 °C–42 °C was seen as a critical heat stress situation to be addressed through building design. Shading or insulation on façades to control environmental heat gain and manipulation of building section for night ventilation to remove internal heat developed during the daytime are discussed. However, the significance of the plan form depth was found to be a main contributor in dealing with heat transfer to indoor space. Deep plan form was found to be more effective in controlling environmental heat transfer to indoor space across the plan depth.

An investigation on the impact of shading devices on energy consumption of commercial buildings in the contexts of subtropical climate

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Jewel Rana ◽  
Md. Rakibul Hasan ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman Sobuz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Shading Device ◽  
The Impact

PurposeApplication of appropriate shading device strategies in buildings can reduce direct solar heat gain through windows as well as optimize cooling and artificial lighting load. This study investigates the impact of common shading devices such as overhangs, fins, horizontal blinds, vertical blinds and drapes on energy consumption of an office building and suggests energy efficient shading device strategies in the contexts of unique Bangladeshi subtropical monsoon climate.Design/methodology/approachThis research was performed through the energy simulation perspective of a prototype office building using a validated building energy simulation tool eQUEST. Around 100 simulation patterns were created considering various types of shading devices and building orientations. The simulation results were analysed comprehensively to find out energy-efficient shading device strategies.FindingsOptimum overhang and fin height is equal to half of the window height in the context of the subtropical climate of Bangladesh. South and West are the most vulnerable orientations, and application of shading devices on these two orientations shows the highest reduction of cooling load and the lowest increment of lighting load. An existing building was able to save approximately 7.05% annual energy consumption by applying the shading device strategies that were suggested by this study.Originality/valueThe shading device strategies of this study can be incorporated into the Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) as new energy-efficient building design strategies because the BNBC does not have any codes or regulations regarding energy-efficient shading device. It can also be used as energy-efficient shading device strategies to other Southeast Asian countries with similar climatic contexts of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Daylight glare mitigation by internal shading devices use and effects on building energy performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 164-184
Author(s):  
Dayan de Loyola R. Garcia ◽  
Fernando Oscar R. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Heat Gain ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Solar Heat Gain ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Building Cooling

Daylight glare arouses buildings’ occupants to insert internal shading devices. When solving glare issues, shading strategies can increase internal temperature and building cooling energy consumption, especially in hot climates. Indoor environmental quality has been treated through architectural and engineering projects utilising spatial-temporal metrics and controls algorithms. This article focused on investigating some interactions between user behaviour, shading devices proprieties, and their effects on building’s luminous and thermal environment. This research aimed to relate daylight glare probability’s reductions through internal shading devices uses, with their effects on the window’s solar heat gain and energy cooling demand. Using building modelling and simulation approach through Rhinoceros 3D 5.0 and plug-ins Grasshopper+DIVA, Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) hourly values were generated for an occupant, 1.5 m away from the window at a side lit-room. The open-access model is a typical private office in the multi-floors building. Window’s solar heat gains and energy cooling demands were recorded using EnergyPlus 8.4 software. The model was simulated in East, West, North and South orientations, at Florianópolis. Subtropical Brazilian city. Starting from ‘without solar control’ cases, 8 controls were applied to 4 internal shading devices: blinds 50°, blinds 0°, curtains and roller shades. Clearer and darker colours were considered by two proprieties sets. From two fixed obstruction modes (100% and 50%), DGPintolerable (>45%) and direct solar radiation (>50W/m²) were applied to proposed monthly, daily and automatic controls. DGPintolerable annual frequencies at uncontrolled condition varied from 30% to 65%. These differences pointed out design guidelines according to façades. It has been confirmed that 0° blinds don’t secure daylight glare and increase energy cooling demand. Dark roller shades, curtains and blinds 50° completely solved glare problems, controlled by ‘always 100% closed’ mode and DGPintolerable based controls. Clear devices still allowed 2% of DGPintolerable frequency. However, clear roller shades contributed to reducing annual cooling demand until 11.5% while other devices achieved until 52% increase. Dark curtains indicated maximum increased in annual window’s solar heat gain (3%). Obtained results allowed identifying some design guidelines to balance daylight glare protection and energy-efficiency, contributing to sustainable building design and low impact architecture.

The More Control, the Better?

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeeyun Oh ◽  
Mun-Young Chung ◽  
Sangyong Han
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High User ◽  
User Control ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Control Versus ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

Monetary policy and the effect of the transfer of oil prices to inflation

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Ph. S. Kartaev ◽  
I. D. Medvedev
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Inflation Targeting ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Oil Price Shocks ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
The Impact

The paper examines the impact of oil price shocks on inflation, as well as the impact of the choice of the monetary policy regime on the strength of this influence. We used dynamic models on panel data for the countries of the world for the period from 2000 to 2017. It is shown that mainly the impact of changes in oil prices on inflation is carried out through the channel of exchange rate. The paper demonstrates the influence of the transition to inflation targeting on the nature of the relationship between oil price shocks and inflation. This effect is asymmetrical: during periods of rising oil prices, inflation targeting reduces the effect of the transfer of oil prices, limiting negative effects of shock. During periods of decline in oil prices, this monetary policy regime, in contrast, contributes to a stronger transfer, helping to reduce inflation.

Retrospective analysis of the resilience of Russian regions as socio-economic systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Klimanov ◽  
Sofiya М. Kazakova ◽  
Anna A. Mikhaylova
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Integral Index ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Correlation Dependence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the impact of various socio-economic and financial indicators on the resilience of Russian regions. For each region, the integral index of resilience is calculated, and its correlation dependence with the selected indicators is revealed. The study confirms the relationship between fiscal resilience and socio-economic resilience of the regions. The analysis of panel data for 75 regions from 2007 to 2016 shows that there are significant differences in the dynamics of indicators in different periods. In particular, the degree of exposure to the negative effects of the crises of 2008—2009 and 2014—2015 in non-resilient regions is higher than in resilient ones.

Factors Influencing Academic Stress on Students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nham Phong Tuan ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Quy ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen ◽  
Hong Tra My ◽  
Tran Nhu Phu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Stress ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
National University ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of seven factors causing academic stress on students of University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University: Lack of leisure time, Academic performance, Fear of failure, Academic overload, Finances, Competition between students, Relationships with university faculty. Based on the results of a practical survey of 185 students who are attending any courses at the University of Economics and Business - Vietnam National University, the study assesses the impact of stress factors on students. The thesis focuses on clarifying the concept of "stress" and the stress level of students, while pointing out its negative effects on students. This study includes two cross-sectional questionnaire surveys. The first survey uses a set of 16 questions to assess students’ perceptions and attitudes based on an instrument to measure academic stress - Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA). The second survey aims to test internal consistency, the robustness of the previously established 7-factor structure. Henceforth, the model was brought back and used qualitatively, combined with Cronbach’s Alpha measurement test and EFA discovery factor analysis. This study was conducted from October 2019 to December 2019. From these practical analyzes, several proposals were made for the society, the school and the students themselves.

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