Nonlinear Dynamics of the Parametric Pendulum with a View on Wave Energy Harvesting Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
FrancoE Dotti ◽  
JuanN Virla
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Bifurcation Diagrams ◽  
Parameter Spaces ◽  
Parametric Pendulum ◽  
Parameter Ranges

Abstract In this article, nonlinear dynamics tools are employed to quantify the ability of pendulum harvesters to recover energy from the sea waves. The versatility of pendulum harvesters is highlighted, as it is shown that devices can be scaled to produce a usable energy from 6 W to 10 kW. Several aspects of the pendulum's dynamics having a key influence on power generation are discussed by means of bifurcation diagrams, parameter spaces and basins of attraction. Parameter ranges that minimize the need for a control action are identified, and an explanation is provided on why tilting the pendulum's plane of rotation improves power generation. A practical mathematical model of the parametric pendulum is formulated for such purpose. This model incorporates the possibility of accounting an arbitrary number of concentric masses, while allowing a simple and direct correlation between dimensionless approaches and the myriad possible physical configurations of the system.

A Mathematical Model With Preliminary Experiments of a Gyroscopic Ocean Wave Energy Converter

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Murakami ◽  
Oscar Rios ◽  
Ardavan Amini
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Ocean Wave Energy

Global attempts to increase generation of clean and reproducible natural energy have greatly contributed to the progress of solar, wind, biomass, and geothermal energy generation. To meet the goal set by the Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) in the United States, it is advisable for several of the coastal states to tap into the least explored resource: ocean-wave energy. There are many advantages to ocean-wave energy generation. First, the energy per unit area is 20 to 30 times larger compared with solar and five to ten times larger when compared to wind energy. Second, waves are more easily predicted than wind. Currently, there are several challenges with capturing ocean energy: With respect to the environment, noise pollution and effects on marine life need to be taken into consideration; with respect to design, ocean-wave power generators need to withstand large waves due to hurricanes and be designed to lessen visual pollution. There are various methods and devices used to capture ocean wave energy. Point absorbers, such as PowerBuoy, can harness vertical or heaving motion into electricity while attenuators like Pelamis use the induced movement of its joints from the incoming waves. Unfortunately, many have few parameters that can be varied to optimize power generation and or suffer from the various challenges mentioned above. The gyroscopic ocean wave energy converter harnesses the rocking or pitching motion induced by the ocean waves and converts it into rotary motion that is then fed to a generator. Furthermore, it is a fully enclosed floating device that has several parameters that can be varied to optimize power output. Previous work has demonstrated the viability of such a device, but the theoretical modeling of these converters is still in its infancy compared to that of other ocean wave energy converters. The objective of the research presented is to fully understand the mechanisms of power generation in the gyroscopic ocean wave energy converter. Using the moving frame method, a mathematical model of the device is developed. The nonlinear equations of motion are derived through the use of this novel method and then solved numerically. The results are then used to optimize the system and identify key parameters and their effect on the output power generated. Additionally, the resulting equations serve as a tool for identifying an appropriate control strategy for the system. Finally, a scale model of a gyroscopic ocean wave energy converter is developed to validate the equations of motion that have been derived.

A Mathematical Model for a Gyroscopic Ocean-Wave Energy Converter

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murakami ◽  
O. Rios
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Ocean Wave ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Ocean Wave Energy

Global attempts to increase generation of clean and reproducible energy have contributed to considerable progress in ocean-wave power-generation technologies. The efficiency of ocean-wave energy converters has improved by almost an order of magnitude in the last decade. In this report, we consider a floating-type gyroscopic ocean-wave power-generator that has proven to generate 50 kW in a prototype test conducted by a Japanese company in 2012. A gyroscopic power generator consists of a buoy, a gimbal, and spinning rotors mounted on a gimbal. The gimbal is installed on the deck of the buoy and rotates when the buoy oscillates or rocks by ocean waves. The gimbal axis is connected to an electric generator. The objectives of our research are to understand quantitatively the mechanisms of gyroscopic ocean-wave power-generators and to improve the component design of the generator to maximize power output. To this end, we develop a mathematical model and a scale model of a gyroscopic ocean-wave power-generator. This integrated approach is to numerically simulate power generation and to clarify the effect of relevant design parameters.

scholarly journals Experimental Validation of a Gyroscope Wave Energy Converter for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11115
Author(s):  
Zhongcai Pei ◽  
Hao Jing ◽  
Zhiyong Tang ◽  
Yulan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Floating Body ◽  
Power Generation Device

Power technology has long been the main problem that has plagued the realization of ocean exploration by autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). This paper introduces a new wave energy conversion device for AUV, which is sealed inside a closed floating body to avoid interaction with the marine environment. The system uses the gyroscopic effect to continuously convert the pitching motion of waves into electrical energy through flywheel rotation, and thus theoretically extend the endurance time of AUVs. In this paper, a mathematical model of the power generation device is established, and the effects caused by different parameters on the system behavior and energy output are analyzed. In order to reduce the cost of experiments, the energy conversion device is installed on an experimental platform that can simulate wave motion to observe its energy generation performance. The experimental results show that the established mathematical model can accurately reflect the real behavior of the power generation device on the platform under different wave conditions, and the energy output error is only 9.91%.

scholarly journals A Piezoelectric Wave-Energy Converter Equipped with a Geared-Linkage-Based Frequency Up-Conversion Mechanism

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Shao-En Chen ◽  
Ray-Yeng Yang ◽  
Guang-Kai Wu ◽  
Chia-Che Wu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Wave Motion ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Gear Train ◽  
Piezoelectric Composite ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Linkage Mechanism ◽  
Energy Converter

In this paper, a piezoelectric wave-energy converter (PWEC), consisting of a buoy, a frequency up-conversion mechanism, and a piezoelectric power-generator component, is developed. The frequency up-conversion mechanism consists of a gear train and geared-linkage mechanism, which converted lower frequencies of wave motion into higher frequencies of mechanical motion. The slider had a six-period displacement compared to the wave motion and was used to excite the piezoelectric power-generation component. Therefore, the operating frequency of the piezoelectric power-generation component was six times the frequency of the wave motion. The developed, flexible piezoelectric composite films of the generator component were used to generate electrical voltage. The piezoelectric film was composed of a copper/nickel foil as the substrate, lead–zirconium–titanium (PZT) material as the piezoelectric layer, and silver material as an upper-electrode layer. The sol-gel process was used to fabricate the PZT layer. The developed PWEC was tested in the wave flume at the Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory, Taiwan (THL). The maximum height and the minimum period were set to 100 mm and 1 s, respectively. The maximum voltage of the measured value was 2.8 V. The root-mean-square (RMS) voltage was 824 mV, which was measured through connection to an external 495 kΩ resistive load. The average electric power was 1.37 μW.

Wave Energy Hyperbaric Device for Electricity Production

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segen F. Estefen ◽  
Paulo Roberto da Costa ◽  
Eliab Ricarte ◽  
Marcelo M. Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Regular Waves ◽  
Hyperbaric Chamber ◽  
Small Scale Model

Wave energy is a renewable and non-polluting source and its use is being studied in different countries. The paper presents an overview on the harnessing of energy from waves and the activities associated with setting up a plant for extracting energy from waves in Port of Pecem, on the coast of Ceara State, Brazil. The technology employed is based on storing water under pressure in a hyperbaric chamber, from which a controlled jet of water drives a standard turbine. The wave resource at the proposed location is presented in terms of statistics data obtained from previous monitoring. The device components are described and small scale model tested under regular waves representatives of the installation region. Based on the experimental results values of prescribed pressures are identified in order to optimize the power generation.

scholarly journals Mathematical model for the power generation from arbitrarily oriented photovoltaic panel

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 01028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qusay Hassan ◽  
Marek Jaszczur ◽  
Estera Przenzak
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel

scholarly journals Revisiting Theoretical Limits for One-Degree-of-Freedom Wave Energy Converters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nathan Tom
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Complex Conjugate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Damping Coefficients ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Heave Motion ◽  
Energy Converters

Abstract This work revisits the theoretical limits of one-degree-of-freedom wave energy converters (WECs). This paper considers the floating sphere used in the OES Task 10 WEC modeling and verification effort for analysis. Analytical equations are derived to determine bounds on displacement amplitude, time-averaged power (TAP), and power-take-off (PTO) force. A unique result found shows that the TAP absorbed by a WEC can be defined solely by the inertial properties and radiation hydrodynamic coefficients. In addition, a unique expression for the PTO force was derived that provides upper and lower bounds when resistive control is used to maximize power generation. For complex conjugate control, this same expression only provides a lower bound, as there is theoretically no upper bound. These bounds assist in comparing the performance of the floating sphere if it were to extract energy using surge or heave motion. The analysis shows because of differences in hydrodynamic coefficients for each oscillating mode, there are different frequency ranges that provide better power capture efficiency. The influence of a motion constraint on TAP while utilizing a nonideal power take-off is examined and found to reduce the losses associated with bidirectional energy flow. The expression to calculate TAP with a nonideal PTO is modified by the mechanical-to-electrical efficiency and the ratio of the PTO spring and damping coefficients. The PTO spring and damping coefficients were separated in the expression, allowing for limits to be set on the PTO coefficients to ensure net power generation.

scholarly journals Turbogenerator: Part 1: Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.15) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Lev Yu. Lezhnev ◽  
Alexey P. Tatarnikov ◽  
Arсady A. Skvortsov ◽  
Igor A. Papkin ◽  
Aleksandr S. Nekrasov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Power Generation ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Work Done

The article describes the process of developing a turbogenerator for power plants of small and distributed power generation. The analysis of the component base for the turbogenerator was carried out, and thereof a comparative analysis of possible technical solutions was conducted. The work considered the installation variants of a turbogenerator in the exhaust system, an electric machine of a turbogenerator, types of turbines of a generator. A mathematical model for computation of the output effective and geometric parameters of a turbogenerator was described. The results of computational analysis were presented, and the parameters of the turbogenerator being developed were selected. Based on the results of the work done the conclusions were made  

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