Effect of Utilizing a Novel Intake Manifold Design on Smoke Emissions and Particulate Size Distributions of a Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Aboubaker Elbashir ◽  
Ahmad T. Saker ◽  
Samer F. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas To Liquid

Abstract Smoke emissions and particulate matter (PM) size distributions were investigated on a direct-injection single-cylinder diesel engine running on both gas-to-liquid (GTL) and diesel fuels utilizing a novel spiral-helical intake manifold design. Smoke opacity was measured at a wide range of engine loads and speeds with both fuels to examine the effect of using the new manifold on smoke emissions. In addition, total PM numbers of fine particles (PM diameter = 1.0 µm) and coarse particles (>1.0 µm) were quantified with both fuels. Moreover, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images were taken with different resolutions to observe the PM sizes produced from each fuel when using the new and normal manifolds. The results showed that using the novel manifold reduced smoke emissions for both GTL and diesel fuels with about 36% at low loads and 7% at high loads. However, using the new manifold with GTL fuel showed superior performance to reduce smoke with about 60% at low loads and 10% at high loads. For the PM size distribution, the new manifold reduced total PM emissions in general. However, significant reductions were obtained with fine PM sizes (0.3 – 1.0 µm) when GTL fuel was used with about 30% for constant load tests, and about 40% for constant speed tests. On the other hand, the new manifold tended to increase slightly the coarse PM sizes. The HRTEM images of the PM structure for both manifolds and fuels have confirmed the above results.

scholarly journals The Effect of RME-1-Butanol Blends on Combustion, Performance and Emission of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2941
Author(s):  
Wojciech Tutak ◽  
Arkadiusz Jamrozik ◽  
Karol Grab-Rogaliński
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Energy Share ◽  
The Stability

The main objective of this study was assessment of the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine using RME–1-butanol blends. In assessing the combustion process, great importance was placed on evaluating the stability of this process. Not only were the typical COVIMEP indicators assessed, but also the non-burnability of the characteristic combustion stages: ignition delay, time of 50% heat release and the end of combustion. The evaluation of the combustion process based on the analysis of heat release. The tests carried out on a 1-cylinder diesel engine operating at a constant load. Research and evaluation of the combustion process of a mixture of RME and 1-butanol carried out for the entire range of shares of both fuels up to 90% of 1-butanol energetic fraction. The participation of butanol in combustion process with RME increased the in-cylinder peak pressure and the heat release rate. With the increase in the share of butanol there was noted a decrease in specific energy consumption and an increase in engine efficiency. The share of butanol improved the combustion stability. There was also an increase in NOx emissions and decrease in CO and soot emissions. The engine can be power by blend up to 80% energy share of butanol.

Experimental Study of Direct Injection Diesel Engine Fueled with Two Types of Gas To Liquid (GTL)

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Oguma ◽  
Shinichi Goto ◽  
Mitsuru Konno ◽  
Kouseki Sugiyama ◽  
Makihiko Mori
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Gas To Liquid

The Possibility of Gas to Liquid (GTL) as a Fuel of Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Oguma ◽  
Shinichi Goto ◽  
Kazuya Oyama ◽  
Kouseki Sugiyama ◽  
Makihiko Mori
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Gas To Liquid

Modelling of Spray–Swirl Interaction in Direct Injection Diesel Engine Combustion Chambers

1985 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P S Mehta ◽  
A K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Computation Scheme ◽  
Good Agreement

A mathematical model for predicting spray–swirl interaction in a direct injection diesel engine combustion chamber is developed using centre-line velocity vector/continuum approach. The model has three-dimensional features in fuel spray motion. The present model responds to the various air swirl, fuel injection and cylinder charge conditions. The predicted results are compared with the analytical and experimental data available from various sources in the two-dimensional case. Very good agreement is achieved over a wide range of data. The three-dimensional predictions are directly possible without any alteration in the computation scheme.

Investigation of Hydrogen Emissions in Partially Premixed Diesel Combustion

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Northrop ◽  
Lucas M. Vanderpool ◽  
Praveen V. Madathil ◽  
Dennis N. Assanis ◽  
Stanislav V. Bohac
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constant ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Partially Premixed ◽  
Premixed Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Low Sulfur

Partially premixed combustion strategies offer many advantages for compression ignition engines. One such advantage for those operating on diesel fuels is the simultaneous reduction in soot and NOx achievable over a wide range of equivalence ratios. Though often not measured in engine experiments, gaseous H2 is a byproduct of incomplete combustion and can be useful for the regeneration of aftertreatment devices. Correlations for the exhaust concentration of H2, mostly derived from experiments with homogeneous spark ignition engines, indicate that it is emitted either in proportion to CO directly or as a function of a pseudowater gas shift equilibrium constant. In this work, H2 is measured over a range of equivalence ratios in a multicylinder diesel engine operating in a partially premixed low temperature combustion (LTC) mode using both low sulfur diesel fuel and soy-based biodiesel. Biodiesel was found to have the same bulk gas emissions of major species including H2 over the range of equivalence ratio in LTC for a constant load and combustion phasing. It also was found that the experimental H2 concentration was near the value predicted by the equilibrium constant for equivalence ratios greater that 0.85 but was increasingly lower for leaner points.

scholarly journals Response Surface Modelling of Diesel Engine Emissions under Variable Stroke Length and Constant Compression Ratio

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Jehad A. A. Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Injection Water ◽  
Response Surface Modelling ◽  
Relative Change

A theoretical investigation using RSM statistical technique on the relative change of emissions of a four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled, 4-stroke, diesel engine with variable stroke length was carried out.  The performance parameters were studied over wide range of speeds (1000 - 3000 RPM at an increment of 500 RPM) and stroke lengths (130 mm to 210mm at an increment of 20mm). The compression ratio was kept constant by adjusting the piston bowl volume. It was found within the range of stroke length studied, that larger stroke lengths are favorable for lower NOx and specific CO2 emissions. This is due to the lower availability of Oxygen. As for specific PM and BSN, the shorter the stroke length the lower the levels. This is attributed to improved engine charging efficiency, hence, better availability of oxygen.

scholarly journals Optimization of Inlet and Exhaust Manifold on a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine to Enhance the Combustion

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1408-1411
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Exhaust Valve ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Power Stroke ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Exhaust Manifold ◽  
Single Cylinder

In the internal combustion Diesel engines the most important subsystem is Intake manifold and Exhaust manifold. In the intake manifold which supplies fresh air –fuel mixture in to the cylinders where combustion takes place at high temperature and high pressure. After exhaust gases scavenged through valves from the cylinders, these gases past exhaust manifold an outlet, through which the gases flow into exhaust pipes from there to the emission control equipment of engine which consists of catalytic and thermal converters. The development of swirl can be enhanced by re-designing of inlet port of an Engine. There is further development in the swirl due to combustion process to another maximum part way in to the power stroke. Swirl can promotes the combustion process in a better way and causes efficiency increase. Better mixing of air – fuel there is a little bit changing the inlet and exhaust valve. Valve stem diameter is 9.5mm, Inlet valve diameter is 36mm, Exhaust Valve diameter is 28mm by varying the pitch 1.0mm to 2mm and thread depth of cut as 4mm and three thread per inch from this arrangement to investigate the performance by enhancing the swirl of air flow to get betterment in the performance and decrease in emissions in a (DI) direct injection diesel engine with single cylinder when compared with normal engine.

scholarly journals Engine Manifold Wave Action under Variable Stroke Length

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Jehad Ahmad Yamin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Pressure Wave ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Wave Action ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Valve Timing ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Piston Bowl ◽  
Wide Range

A theoretical investigation on the pressure wave action of the manifolds of a four-stroke, direct injection (hereinafter referred to as DI), water-cooled, 4-stroke, diesel engine with variable stroke length was carried out.  The study was conducted over wide range of speeds (1000 - 3000 RPM at an increment of 500 RPM) and stroke lengths (130 mm to 210 mm at an increment of 20mm). The compression ratio was kept constant by adjusting the piston bowl volume. The study showed that shorter stroke lengths created favorable pressure waves in both inlet and exhaust manifolds at lower speeds, which resulted in improved engine volumetric and thermal efficiencies. At higher speeds, the larger strokes were favorable, however, due to less time available for the suction and exhaust strokes to be executed, the efficiencies were low. Advancing valve timing was one factor that improved the engine performance with larger stroke lengths.

Optimum control of an automotive direct injection diesel engine for low exhaust emissions

2001 ◽  
Vol 215 (11) ◽  
pp. 1225-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Capobianco
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Definition Of

The paper presents the latest results of a wide investigation performed at the University of Genoa on the control of automotive direct injection (DI) diesel engines. A dedicated procedure was developed which enables analysis of the behaviour of engine operating parameters as a function of two control variables with a limited amount of experimental information and the definition of proper control strategies. A first application of the procedure is presented in the paper with reference to a typical turbocharged DI diesel engine for automotive applications. The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate and the position of the turbocharger waste-gate regulating valve were assumed as control variables and the behaviour of the most important engine parameters was analysed in a wide range for 15 steady state operating conditions related to the European driving cycle. Particular attention was paid to the most significant pollutant emissions and to the exhaust boundary conditions for the application of a low temperature lean de-NOx catalyst. Two different control strategies were also developed by which the catalyst conversion efficiency and the NOx engine tail pipe emission were individually optimized, taking account of some operating limits for specific parameters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document