scholarly journals Fuel Profitability and the Design of Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Ondryas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Engineering Effort ◽  
Equipment Sizing ◽  
System Layout ◽  
Cogeneration Cycle ◽  
Selection Of

This paper describes the engineering effort involved in the selection of the topping cogeneration cycle for an industrial cogeneration plant. Fuel profitability of a cogeneration plant is defined and analyzed, and used as a tool for the selection of the cogeneration cycle. The conceptual design of a gas turbine cogeneration plant is described, which includes selection of a gas turbine generator and other major plant components, equipment sizing and the typical control system layout. The paper provides tools to the industrial plant manager/engineer for the selection of the most profitable alternative of the cogeneration system.

A Parametric Analysis for Optimal Selection of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration System

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sarabchi ◽  
A. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cost ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Selection Of

Cogeneration is a simultaneous production of heat and electricity in a single plant using the same primary energy. Usage of a cogeneration system leads to fuel energy saving as well as air pollution reduction. A gas turbine cogeneration plant (GTCP) has found many applications in industries and institutions. Although fuel cost is usually reduced in a cogeneration system but the selection of a system for a given site optimally involves detailed thermodynamic and economical investigations. In this paper the performance of a GTCP was investigated and an approach was developed to determine the optimum size of the plant to meet the electricity and heat demands of a given site. A computer code, based on this approach, was developed and it can also be used to examine the effect of key parameters like pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, utilization period, and fuel cost on the economics of GTCP.

Single Process Plant Application of a Gas Turbine Generator With Recovery Boiler

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Process Plant ◽  
Single Process ◽  
Recovery Boiler ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Turbine Exhaust

This paper consists of the application considerations given for the selection of on-site power generation using a gas turbine with a recovery boiler in the process chemical industry. The additional use of 400 psig steam from recovery heat of the gas turbine exhaust used for process steam is evaluated. The techniques used for engineering, construction, training, and start-up are discussed. The performance of the unit after 30,000 operating hours, including reliability and a discussion of equipment problems, is included.

An Indirectly Fired Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant Utilizing Sawdust as a Fuel

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Evans ◽  
M. S. Sinclair ◽  
G. A. Constable ◽  
T. Halewood
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Exhaust Stream ◽  
Heat Requirements ◽  
Process Heat

A technical and economic assessment of an indirectly fired gas turbine cogeneration system is presented. The plant is designed for use in a sawmill, burning sawdust to generate both electricity and process heat to dry the lumber. After being dried, the sawdust is burned in a specially designed combustor which incorporates both radiant and convective heat transfer sections to generate a supply of air heated to 760 C (1400). This hot air drives the gas turbine and then the exhaust stream is utilized as a heat source for drying lumber in the dry-kilns. A materials and energy balance is presented which shows that there is more than enough sawdust available in a typical sawmill to supply all of the process heat requirements and to generate most of the electricity required to operate the mill machinery. This site-specific feasibility study indicates that an indirectly-fired gas turbine cogeneration system should be both technically and economically viable for application in a sawmill producing dried softwood lumber.

Numerical Optimization of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose´ C. F. Teixeira ◽  
Senhorinha F. C. F. Teixeira ◽  
Aˆngela M. E. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Optimization ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Fortran Code ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Nonlinear Optimization Methods ◽  
Textile Factory

Amongst the various alternatives for the combined production of heat and power, the systems based on a gas turbine are becoming increasingly attractive. In addition to the high thermal efficiency, they can also operate on a wide variety of fuels. The basic configuration of a simple cogeneration system consisting of a gas turbine and a heat recovery steam generator has been used to illustrate the application of nonlinear optimization numerical methods as a tool to evaluate and optimize complex energy systems. The problem was formulated as the minimization of costs as the objective function, subject to the constraints imposed by the physical and thermodynamic quantities. Two numerical nonlinear optimization methods with constraints have been tested using a Fortran code and the MATLAB® environment. The model has been evaluated on a real cogeneration plant consisting of a gas turbine heat recovery system of a local textile factory.

Characteristics Charts for Preliminary Design and Selection of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sarabchi ◽  
G. T. Polley
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Work Efficiency ◽  
Boiler Efficiency ◽  
Selection Of

The important and well-established performance criteria for assessment of a gas turbine cogeneration plant (GTCP) were examined. It was found that expressions could be derived for these criteria in terms of two key parameters: work efficiency and boiler efficiency. Three characteristics charts were then constructed. These covered gas turbine analysis, boiler analysis and GTCP performance analysis respectively. It is then demonstrated how these charts may be used as an effective tool for both performance prediction and preliminary design analysis. Thermodynamic design of a GTCP as an integrated system is also investigated and discussed.

Performance Characteristics of Indirect-Fired Gas Turbine/Cogeneration Cycles

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Open Cycle ◽  
Cogeneration Cycle

General characteristics equations for cogeneration cycle thermodynamic performance were derived and expressed as functions of the power-to-heat ratio. Based on these equations, design point performance of indirect-fired open-cycle and closed-cycle gas turbine/cogeneration systems were analyzed and compared with those of steam turbine/cogeneration system. Effects of gas turbine pressure ratio and inlet temperature on design point performance were evaluated. Off-design partial load performances of the three cogeneration systems using various control modes were also investigated. Results indicated significant efficiency advantage of the closed-cycle gas turbine/cogeneration system over the others for both design and off-design operations.

scholarly journals Energy Saving through Implementation and Optimization of Small and Medium Scale Cogeneration Technology

KnE Energy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Hariyanto . ◽  
Enny Rosmawar Purba ◽  
Pratiwi . ◽  
Budi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Medium Scale ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Micro Turbine

<p>Cogeneration or Combined Heat and Power (CHP) is defined as the sequential generation of two different forms of useful energy from a single primary energy source.This paper deals with a comparison study on the aspects of energy efficiency and energy economics in commercial building and industrial plant utility using conventional system and cogeneration system. This study presents the performance test result of micro turbine cogeneration application (60 kW) pilot project in comercial building and optimization of existing cogeneration system (40 MW) at utility plant of industry. The micro turbine cogeneration application for generating electricity and hot water while médium scale of gas turbine cogeneration is introduced in order to improve plant efficiency of existing steam turbine cogeneration. We found that cogeneration would be a financially viable option for building and for small and large size industrial plants. </p><p><strong>Key words</strong>: Cogeneration; energy efficiency; gas turbine; microturbine; steam turbine.</p>

scholarly journals A Coal Fired Gas Turbine Using an Air Cooled Fluidized Bed Combustor

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moskowitz ◽  
J. Mullen ◽  
S. Vanderlinden
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Waste Energy ◽  
Gas Turbine Exhaust ◽  
Tube Assembly ◽  
Selection Of

A gas turbine cogeneration system using a coal fired atmospheric fluid bed (AFB) combustor represents an environmentally clean and less costly alternative to the oil or gas fired electric power generators, process steam boilers and process heaters that are necessary for the operations of both small and large industrial energy users. This paper describes a cogeneration system which uses an air-to-gas heat exchanger tube assembly immersed in an AFB combustor to indirectly heat the compressor airflow from a gas turbine. This AFB combustor replaces the conventional direct fired oil or gas combustor. The flue gas from the AFB is used to produce steam and the waste energy from the gas turbine exhaust is used to provide additional steam or clean hot process air. By appropriate selection of components, AFB cogeneration systems can provide electrical-to-thermal ratios of 30 to 150 kilowatts per 1000 pounds of steam for a range of applications. The paper presents the key design features of this type of system. The selection of materials and mechanical configurations are presented. The status of the technology and the R&D supporting test results are discussed. Cogeneration applications are discussed.

Repowering a Steam Turbine-Generator Power Plant Through Heat Recovery Type Combined Cycle: Selection of the Cycle — A Case Study

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Bazzini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Steam Cycle

Much of the steam-turbine based, power generating units all over the word are more than 30 years old now. Within a few years they will face the possibility of retirement from service and replacement. Nonetheless some of them are firm candidates for repowering, a technology able to improve plant efficiency, output and reliability at low costs. This paper summarizes a study performed to establish the feasibility to repower a 2 × 33 MW steam turbine power plant and the procedure followed until selection of the steam cycle more suitable to the project. The preferred solution is compared with direct replacement of the units by a new combined cycle. Various repowering options were reviewed to find “beat recovery” type repowering as the best solution. That well-known technology consists of replacing the steam generator by a gas turbine coupled to an HRSG, supplying steam to the existing steam turbine. Three “GT+HRSG+ST” arrangements were considered. Available gas turbine-generators — both industrial and aero-derivative type —, were surveyed for three power output ranges. Five “typical” gas turbine-generator classes were then selected. Steam flow raised at the HRSG, gross and net power generation, and heat exchanging surface area of the HRSG, were calculated for a broad range of usually applied, steam turbine throttle conditions. Both single pressure and double pressure steam cycles were considered, as well as supplemental fire and convenience of utilizing the existing feed water heaters. Balance of plant constraints were also reviewed. Estimates were developed for total investment, O&M costs, fuel expenses, and revenues. Results are shown through various graphics and tables. The route leading to the preferred solution is explained and a sensitivity analysis added to validate the selection. The preferred solution, consisting in a Class 130 gas turbine in arrangement 1–1–2, a dual-pressure HRSG and a steam cycle without feed-water heaters, win allow delivering 200 MW to the grid, with a heat rate of 7423 kJ/kW-hr. Investment was valued at $MM77.0, with an IRR of 15.3%. Those figures compare well with the option of installing a new GTCC unit: with a better heat rate but an investment valued at $MM97.5, its IRR will only be 12.4%.

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