Systematic Enumeration and Identification of Unique Spatial Topologies of 3D Systems Using Spatial Graph Representations

Abstract Systematic enumeration and identification of unique 3D spatial topologies of complex engineering systems such as automotive cooling layouts, hybrid-electric power trains, and aero-engines are essential to search their exhaustive design spaces to identify spatial topologies that can satisfy challenging system requirements. However, efficient navigation through discrete 3D spatial topology options is a very challenging problem due to its combinatorial nature and can quickly exceed human cognitive abilities at even moderate complexity levels. Here we present a new, efficient, and generic design framework that utilizes mathematical spatial graph theory to represent, enumerate, and identify distinctive 3D topological classes for an abstract engineering system, given its system architecture (SA) — its components and interconnections. Spatial graph diagrams (SGDs) are generated for a given SA from zero to a specified maximum crossing number. Corresponding Yamada polynomials for all the planar SGDs are then generated. SGDs are categorized into topological classes, each of which shares a unique Yamada polynomial. Finally, for each topological class, one 3D geometric model is generated for an SGD with the fewest interconnect crossings. Several case studies are shown to illustrate the different features of our proposed framework. Design guidelines are also provided for practicing engineers to aid the utilization of this framework for application to different types of real-world problems.

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Hoist Sheave Structure Optimization and Lightweight

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.741.133 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 741 ◽

pp. 133-137

Author(s):

Xian Zhao Jia ◽

Yong Fei Wang

Keyword(s):

Working Condition ◽

Geometric Model ◽

Structure Optimization ◽

Element Model ◽

Stiffened Plate ◽

Optimal Result ◽

Ansys Software ◽

Table Analysis ◽

3D Geometric Model ◽

Relational Table

To ensure wheel body of the hoisting sheave strength and stability condition. For the purpose of wheel body lightweighting. There are two schemes to reduce body weight.Reduce the spokes at the same time increase the ring stiffened plate, and reduce the spokes at the same time change the spokes width and thickness.The wheel body was established based on Pro/E 3D geometric model. Import the mesh in the Workbench of ANSYS software for finite element model. Statics analysis to select the optimized scheme. Establish a hoisting sheave wheel body under the actual working condition of widening the width - deformation - wheel weight relational table. Analysis to lightweight at the same time ensure that stiffness of wheel,then it can obtaine the optimal result.

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Immersive Virtual Reality for Older Adults

ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing ◽

10.1145/3470743 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Vero Vanden Abeele ◽

Brenda Schraepen ◽

Hanne Huygelier ◽

Celine Gillebert ◽

Kathrin Gerling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Virtual Reality ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Older Persons ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Immersive Virtual Reality ◽

Design Recommendations ◽

Education Levels ◽

Positive Experiences

Despite the proliferation of research on immersive virtual reality (IVR) technologies for older adults, comprehensive guidelines on designing immersive and engaging VR for older adults remain sparse. Therefore, we first compounded 67 guidelines based on published literature. Next, to empirically ground these design recommendations, we provided 37 older adults of diverse ages, education levels, and cognitive abilities with a first VR experience. Analyzing interviews with the 37 older adults via the Laddering method, we found that they generally reported positive experiences with their first VR exposure. With these deepened insights, we reflect on, nuance, and contextualize existing design guidelines, and formulate points to bear in mind when designing accessible and engaging VR experiences for older persons.

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An Introduction to 3D SPI2 (Spatial Packaging of Interconnected Systems With Physics Interactions) Design Problems: A Review of Related Work, Existing Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities

10.1115/detc2021-72106 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Satya R. T. Peddada ◽

Lawrence E. Zeidner ◽

Kai A. James ◽

James T. Allison

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Design Automation ◽

Systems Approach ◽

Vital Role ◽

Interconnected Systems ◽

Highly Nonlinear ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Rapid Generation ◽

Engineered Systems ◽

Moderate Complexity

Abstract Optimal 3D spatial packaging of interconnected systems with physical interactions (thermal, hydraulic, electromagnetic, etc.), or SPI2, plays a vital role in the functionality, operation, energy usage, and life cycle of practically all engineered systems, from 3D chips to ships to aircraft. These highly-nonlinear SPI2 problems, involving tightly constrained component packing, governed by coupled physical phenomena transferring energy and material through intricate geometric interconnects, have largely resisted design automation for decades, and can quickly exceed human cognitive abilities at even moderate complexity levels. Existing design methods treat the pieces of this problem separately without a fundamental systems approach and are sometimes too slow to evaluate various possible designs. Hence, there exists an emergent need to develop efficient SPI2 design automation frameworks for two reasons: 1) to enable the rapid generation and evaluation of candidate SPI2 design solutions; and 2) for the development of newer complex engineering systems. In this paper, the holistic 3D-SPI2 design problem with its attributes is defined, previous research efforts in various individual SPI2 related areas are reviewed, some existing critical gaps are outlined, and associated challenges are identified. Finally, a vision for fundamental research in SPI2 design based on the authors’ experience in this topic is presented through a set of new exciting opportunities at the intersection of several engineering domains.

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The Finite Element Analysis of a Heavy Semi-Trailer Frame Based on ANSYS

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.455 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 644-650 ◽

pp. 455-458

Author(s):

Yao Ye ◽

Yong Hai Wu

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Geometric Model ◽

Reference Method ◽

Element Model ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Emergency Braking ◽

The Finite Element Analysis ◽

New Type ◽

Stress And Deformation ◽

3D Geometric Model

Frame has important effects on the performance of the whole of heavy semi-trailer. A heavy semi-trailer frame is analyzed and researched on in the finite-element way in this article. The frame of 3D geometric model is established by using Pro/E. And it was imported into the Hypermesh to establish frame finite element model. Frame are calculated by using ANSYS solver in bending condition, emergency braking conditions and rapid turn conditions of stress and deformation conditions. The computational tools and methods we used provide the new type of frame and development with a reference method to refer to in this paper.

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Simulation Analysis of Engine-Oil inside the Clearance between Crankshaft Journal and Bearing Shells in the Ideal Stable Conditions

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.532 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 635-637 ◽

pp. 532-536

Author(s):

Pei Shu ◽

Hong Xin Zhang ◽

Ru Qin Xiao ◽

Jin Zhu Shi

Keyword(s):

Simulation Analysis ◽

Geometric Model ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Flow State ◽

Engine Operation ◽

Stable Conditions ◽

Crankshaft Journal ◽

Oil Flow ◽

3D Geometric Model ◽

The Ideal

For the bush-burning problem in the course of the engine operation. Taking a certain kind of engine as reference, build a 3D geometric model of the engine-oil flow field in the ideal stable conditions with GAMBIT and conduct a simulation of it with FLUENT. It reveals that we can have an intuitive understanding of the flow state and pressure distribution of the engine-oil inside the clearance between the crankshaft main journal and crankshaft bearing as well as the rod journal and rod bearing which provides basis for a further refining of bearing lubrication system, improving the lubrication method and enhancing the efficiency of the lubrication.

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Profile Surface Construction and Pressure Angle Analysis of a New Type of Globoidal Indexing Cam

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.1608 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29-32 ◽

pp. 1608-1614 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lei Li ◽

Xian Ying Feng ◽

Zi Ping Zhang ◽

Xing Chang Han ◽

Ya Qing Song

Keyword(s):

Geometric Model ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Surface Equation ◽

Cam Mechanism ◽

Pressure Angle ◽

Three Dimensional Modeling ◽

Meshing Equation ◽

New Type ◽

Three Dimensional Coordinate ◽

3D Geometric Model

This paper presents a new type of globoidal indexing cam mechanism with steel ball. The characteristic of this mechanism has double circular arc section for cam raceway. Due to this kind of cam raceway section the mechanism can realize approximate rolling transmission. According to rotary transform tensor theory profile surface equation of globoidal cam is established. Meshing equation is built through meshing theory, and profile surface equation is determined by meshing equation. Based on profile surface equation 3D geometric model for globoidal cam is established. MATLAB software is used to calculate three-dimensional coordinate points, these coordinate points are imported into Pro/E software, and finally 3D model for globoidal cam is established by three-dimensional modeling function of Pro/E software. Pressure angle equation of globoidal cam is also established. On the condition that the other parameters remain unchanged the variation law of values of pressure angle depended on cam angle and indexing plate rotary radius is obtained respectively.

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Some Implications for Parallel Kinematic Machine Design Based on Kinetostatic Model

Volume 7A: 26th Biennial Mechanisms and Robotics Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2000/mech-14108 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Clément M. Gosselin ◽

Dan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Material Properties ◽

Geometric Model ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Machine Design ◽

Parallel Kinematic Machine ◽

System Behavior ◽

New Type ◽

Link Flexibility ◽

Parallel Kinematic ◽

Kinetostatic Model

Abstract In this paper, a new method — named lumped kinetostatic modeling — to analyze the effect of the link flexibility on the mechanism’s stiffness is provided. A new type of mechanism whose degree of freedom (dof) is dependent on a passive constraining leg connecting the base and the platform is introduced and analyzed. With the proposed kinetostatic model, a significant effect of the link flexibility on the mechanism’s precision has been demonstrated. The influence of the changement of structure parameters, including material properties, on the system behavior is discussed. In the paper, the geometric model of this kind of mechanism is first introduced. Then, a lumped kinetostatic model is proposed in order to account for joint and link compliances; some results and design guidelines are obtained. Finally, the optimization of the precision is addressed using a genetic algorithm.

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