Efficient Design Principles for Designing Innovative Aerial Robots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee How Tan ◽  
Shaohui Foong ◽  
Katja Hölttä-Otto
Keyword(s):  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Aerial Robotics ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Aerial Robots ◽  
The Past ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Aerial Robot ◽  
Reusable Design

Abstract The field of aerial robotics has advanced rapidly, but the design knowledge has not yet been codified into reusable design principles. Design principles have been developed for many other areas of mechanical design to both advance the field itself and help novice designers benefit from the past expert knowledge easier. We used an inductive approach and collected 90 aerial robot examples through the reviewing of recent work in aerial robotics and studying the key motivations, features, functionalities and potential design contradictions. Then, design principles are iteratively derived by identifying patterns and grouping them by the problem they solve, and the innovation made to solve it. From this, we find 35 unique design examples that can be grouped into either fourteen design principles for more sensing, battery, mission, or actuation efficient design; or six design principles to improve a desired functionality in an aerial robot such as reducing complexity or improving how the robot can interact with objects or its environment. We compared the research results with similar work in the area of mechanical design and examined the commonalities and highlighted design principles unique to aerial robots. The design principles presented in this research can support the design for future innovative aerial robots.

Exploring the Retention of Sustainable Design Principles in Engineering Practice Through Design Education

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryony DuPont ◽  
Addison Wisthoff
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Graduate Level

The School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering at Oregon State University is home to one of the largest academic Mechanical Design groups in the country. As a leader in undergraduate design education, we have been able to keep in touch with a large group of mechanical design graduates, and as such are capable of assessing how students retain information learned in undergraduate coursework to see how this understanding is employed in real-world engineering practice. However, the principles governing the design of sustainable products and processes are relatively novel and are only now being integrated into the undergraduate and graduate mechanical design curriculum. It is our hypothesis that particular means of learning and understanding sustainable design — via lectures, homework assignments, design projects, and the use of various sustainability-related LCA tools — will enable the highest retention of sustainable design understanding, and a higher likelihood that this sustainable design knowledge will be propagated into design practice in industry. Multiple curricular studies that explore dissemination and retention of sustainable design skills are being explored, including a junior-level introductory mechanical design course and a graduate level sustainable product development course. In the junior-level course, baseline sustainability knowledge is tested by allowing students to make sustainable design decisions by applying varied skill sets, including general principles, a list of sustainable design guidelines, and an innovative online survey (The GREEn Quiz). The graduate-level course, which employs sustainable design principles within a larger product development architecture, will capitalize on more “expert” knowledge. Future work will also be discussed, including planned validation studies and curriculum improvements, as well as the means of quantifying the retention of sustainable design information.

scholarly journals Scalable Protocols Offer Efficient Design for Field Experiments

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
External Validity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Statistical Efficiency ◽  
Voter Mobilization ◽  
Treatment Matching ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scalable Protocols

Experiments conducted in the field allay concerns over external validity but are subject to the pitfalls of fieldwork. This article proves that scalable protocols conserve statistical efficiency in the face of problems implementing the treatment regime. Three designs are considered: randomly ordering the application of the treatment; matching subjects into groups prior to assignment; and placebo-controlled experiments. Three examples taken from voter mobilization field experiments demonstrate the utility of the design principles discussed.

Heuristic Design of a Material Processing Component

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram R. Jamalabad ◽  
Noshir A. Langrana ◽  
Yogesh Jaluria
Keyword(s):  
Heuristic Search ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Engineering Process ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Initial Design ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Processing Component

Abstract The main thrust of this research is in developing a knowledge-based system for the design of a mechanical engineering process. The study concentrates on developing methodologies for initial design and redesign in a qualitative format. The component selected is a die for plastic extrusion. A design algorithm using best first heuristic search and expert knowledge, both in procedural and declarative form, forms the core of the process. Initial design and redesign methodologies are presented that can enable efficient design of a component using expert knowledge. Some generality has been accomplished by the implementation of the techniques to dies of different cross sectional shapes. The software is written in Lisp within an object oriented software package using analysis modules written in C.

scholarly journals Analyze COVID-19 CT images based on evolutionary algorithm with dynamic searching space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhong Gong ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Dezhong Peng ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Zhongtai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Hospital Resources ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ct Data

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global alarm. With the advances in artificial intelligence, the COVID-19 testing capabilities have been greatly expanded, and hospital resources are significantly alleviated. Over the past years, computer vision researches have focused on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which can significantly improve image analysis ability. However, CNN architectures are usually manually designed with rich expertise that is scarce in practice. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) can automatically search for the proper CNN architectures and voluntarily optimize the related hyperparameters. The networks searched by EAs can be used to effectively process COVID-19 computed tomography images without expert knowledge and manual setup. In this paper, we propose a novel EA-based algorithm with a dynamic searching space to design the optimal CNN architectures for diagnosing COVID-19 before the pathogenic test. The experiments are performed on the COVID-CT data set against a series of state-of-the-art CNN models. The experiments demonstrate that the architecture searched by the proposed EA-based algorithm achieves the best performance yet without any preprocessing operations. Furthermore, we found through experimentation that the intensive use of batch normalization may deteriorate the performance. This contrasts with the common sense approach of manually designing CNN architectures and will help the related experts in handcrafting CNN models to achieve the best performance without any preprocessing operations

scholarly journals Property Rights Implications for the Brazilian Forest Code

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-346
Author(s):  
Bernardo Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Core Element ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Code ◽  
Bundle Of Rights ◽  
Land Changes

Abstract: The Brazilian Forest Code restricts landowners’ uses of the land. Changes in property rights are therefore the core element of the program. In this paper the new institutional literature on property rights is used to analyze the main difficulties involved in such a re-specification of rights. Four concepts from this literature are described and applied to better understand the issues that have hindered the program in the past and that affect the current version of the program initiated in 2012: (i) property rights as a ‘bundle of rights’, (ii) evolution of property rights, (iii) path dependence; and Ostrom’s 8 design principles. The paper argues that the key issue for the Forest Code is the level of uncertainty of the gap between the de jure and de facto specification of property rights.

Paper 16: Some Aspects of Screw Compressors

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (18) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
J. Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Screw Compressor ◽  
Aerodynamic Design ◽  
Separation System ◽  
Oil Separation ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Control

The paper is concerned mainly with the oil-flooded type of screw compressor, which is largely used for portable machines from about 100 ft3/min up to the largest sizes, as well as for certain stationary and process purposes. The advance of the use of the screw compressor in the past decade is described, together with some of the technical problems that have been encountered. Recent developments in mechanical design, permitting higher outputs and pressures, together with changes in aerodynamic design enabling higher efficiencies to be obtained, are detailed. Various ancillaries, including the oil-separation system and control and protection equipment, are also discussed.

AN EXPERIMENTAL MULTI-AGENT ENVIRONMENT FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN

1996 ◽  
Vol 05 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 131-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEIMING SHEN ◽  
JEAN-PAUL A. BARTHES
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Multidisciplinary Design ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Open Design ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
The Individual

Real world engineering design projects require the cooperation of multidisciplinary design teams using sophisticated and powerful engineering tools. The individuals or the individual groups of the multidisciplinary design teams work in parallel and independently often for quite a long time with different tools located on various sites. In order to ensure the coordination of design activities in the different groups or the cooperation among the different tools, it is necessary to develop an efficient design environment. This paper discusses a distributed architecture for integrating such engineering tools in an open design environment, organized as a population of asynchronous cognitive agents. Before introducing the general architecture and the communication protocol, issues about an agent architecture and inter-agent communications are discussed. A prototype of such an environment with seven independent agents located in several workstations and microcomputers is then presented and demonstrated on an example of a small mechanical design.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Computer Simulation of Solar Shading Performance with Heliodon and Artificial Sky

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
David B. Dalumo ◽  
◽  
Yaik-Wah Lim ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Physical Experiment ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Solar Shading ◽  
Simulation Results

Current technological advancement and the requirement for sustainability-driven practices has birthed increased demands for accuracy in performance and assessment of energy consumption in the built environment. Energy-efficient and sustainable building projects are to large extents dependent on achieving functional solar shading and sufficient daylighting in building interiors. Hence, the understanding and adequate evaluation of the sun and its dynamic influence on buildings right at the early stage of planning and design is essential for the development of performance-driven building designs. In this study, the performance simulation results of Integrated Environmental Solutions <Virtual Environment> software program modules are examined for accuracy in executing performance analysis of solar shading. This study assesses the shading prediction of Suncast; a virtual solar shading calculation tool, and RadianceIES for measuring daylight availability in a tropical climate region. The evaluation of shading performance with Suncast was validated through physical experiment by comparing the results obtained therein with shading analysis outcomes generated on a scale model with the aid of a heliodon. Likewise, RadianceIES daylighting simulations were compared with measurements realised from an artificial sky simulator. The results were further subjected to correlation tests to determine the relationship between simulation and physical experiment results. The computational evaluation approach presented more efficient means of conducting the performance simulations over the physical experiment methods which were limited by mechanical design of the components. Suncast and RadianceIES simulation results presented comparable equivalence with measurement output acquired from the heliodon and artificial sky respectively, with minimal variations in accuracy. Thus, demonstrating the ability of the computational simulation program in accurately predicting solar shading and daylight performance in buildings, this could benefit architects in the proper and efficient design of shading devices for building facades at early design stages.

Introduction to Pre-Robotics: Exploring a Novel Approach for Teaching Mechanical Design

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Payandeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Engineering Science ◽  
Science Program ◽  
Mechanical Device ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Main Components

Educating young engineers in the field of design has always been a challenging task. In particular, teaching some of the aspects of robotics and mechanisms design in a non-mechanical curriculum by far introduces additional challenges. This paper presents an overview of a teaching approach and pedagogical challenges of the author for the past 18 years in teaching (or creating a learning objectives) of the basics of mechanical design methodologies and experiences to sophomore students enrolled in the Engineering Science program. One of the main components of the course syllabus is the notion of design synthesis of a pre-robotic mechanical device. First, the functionality of this device is shown to the students. Next, the students need to propose various design alternatives with mechanical and technical specifications. This paper outlines the method of how the students are guided through the design experience while exploring the basic steps of the design process and specifications.

scholarly journals Predictive prosthetic socket design: part 2—generating person-specific candidate designs using multi-objective genetic algorithms

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1347-1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Steer ◽  
P. A. Grudniewski ◽  
M. Browne ◽  
P. R. Worsley ◽  
A. J. Sobey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Shape Optimisation ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Prosthetic Socket ◽  
Fibula Head ◽  
Optimisation Methods ◽  
Numerical Optimisation

AbstractIn post-amputation rehabilitation, a common goal is to return to ambulation using a prosthetic limb, suspended by a customised socket. Prosthetic socket design aims to optimise load transfer between the residual limb and mechanical limb, by customisation to the user. This is a time-consuming process, and with the increase in people requiring these prosthetics, it is vital that these personalised devices can be produced rapidly while maintaining excellent fit, to maximise function and comfort. Prosthetic sockets are designed by capturing the residual limb’s shape and applying a series of geometrical modifications, called rectifications. Expert knowledge is required to achieve a comfortable fit in this iterative process. A variety of rectifications can be made, grouped into established strategies [e.g. in transtibial sockets: patellar tendon bearing (PTB) and total surface bearing (TSB)], creating a complex design space. To date, adoption of advanced engineering solutions to support fitting has been limited. One method is numerical optimisation, which allows the designer a number of likely candidate solutions to start the design process. Numerical optimisation is commonly used in many industries but not prevalent in the design of prosthetic sockets. This paper therefore presents candidate shape optimisation methods which might benefit the prosthetist and the limb user, by blending the state of the art from prosthetic mechanical design, surrogate modelling and evolutionary computation. The result of the analysis is a series of prosthetic socket designs that preferentially load and unload the pressure tolerant and intolerant regions of the residual limb. This spectrum is bounded by the general forms of the PTB and TSB designs, with a series of variations in between that represent a compromise between these accepted approaches. This results in a difference in pressure of up to 31 kPa over the fibula head and 14 kPa over the residuum tip. The presented methods would allow a trained prosthetist to rapidly assess these likely candidates and then to make final detailed modifications and fine-tuning. Importantly, insights gained about the design should be seen as a compliment, not a replacement, for the prosthetist’s skill and experience. We propose instead that this method might reduce the time spent on the early stages of socket design and allow prosthetists to focus on the most skilled and creative tasks of fine-tuning the design, in face-to-face consultation with their client.

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