Economic Assessment of Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycles With Optimized Part Flow Humidification Systems

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jonsson ◽  
Jinyue Yan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Specific Investment ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Flow Case

This study is an economic assessment of evaporative and steam-injected cycles based on three gas turbines (Trent, GTX100 and Cyclone). The evaporative cycles included part or full flow humidification and steam injection. For the Trent and GTX100, part flow cases had the lowest costs of electricity (32.6 mills/kWh and 30.9 mills/kWh, respectively), while a full flow case had the lowest cost of electricity (35.3 mills/kWh) for the Cyclone. However, the cost variations between different cycles were small: below 1% (0.4 mills/kWh) for the GTX100 and Cyclone cases and below 3% (0.9 mills/kWh) for the Trent cases. The specific investment costs were lower for part flow evaporative cycles than for full flow cycles, while steam-injected cycles had the lowest specific investment costs. The Trent and GTX100 evaporative cycles had significantly lower total and specific investment costs than combined cycles, while the costs of electricity were approximately the same.

Biomass-Gasifier/Aeroderivative Gas Turbine Combined Cycles: Part B—Performance Calculations and Economic Assessment

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Consonni ◽  
E. D. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Commercial Installation ◽  
Combined Cycles

Gas turbines fueled by integrated biomass gasifiers are a promising option for base-load electricity generation from a renewable resource. Aeroderivative turbines, which are characterized by high efficiencies in small units, are of special interest because transportation costs for biomass constrain conversion facilities to relatively modest scales. Part A of this two-part paper reviewed commercial development activities and major technological issues associated with biomass integrated-gasifier/gas turbine (BIG/GT) combined cycle power generation. Based on the computational model also described in Part A, this paper (Part B) presents results of detailed design-point performance calculations for several BIG/GT combined cycle configurations. Emphasis is given to systems now being proposed for commercial installation in the 25–30 MWe, power output range. Three different gasifier designs are considered: air-blown, pressurized fluidized-bed gasification; air-blown, near-atmospheric pressure fluidized-bed gasification; and near-atmospheric pressure, indirectly heated fluidized-bed gasification. Advanced combined cycle configurations (including with intercooling) with outputs from 22 to 75 MW are also explored. An economic assessment is also presented, based on preliminary capital cost estimates for BIG/GT combined cycles and expected biomass costs in several regions of the world.

Biomass-Gasifier/Aeroderivative Gas Turbine Combined Cycles: Part A—Technologies and Performance Modeling

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Consonni ◽  
E. D. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Combined Cycles

Gas turbines fueled by integrated biomass gasifiers are a promising option for base load electricity generation from a renewable resource. Aeroderivative turbines, which are characterized by high efficiencies at smaller scales, are of special interest because transportation costs for biomass constrain biomass conversion facilities to relatively modest scales. Commercial development activities and major technological issues associated with biomass integrated-gasifier/gas turbine (BIG/GT) combined cycle power generation are reviewed in Part A of this two-part paper. Also, the computational model and the assumptions used to predict the overall performance of alternative BIG/GT cycles are outlined. The model evaluates appropriate value of key parameters (turbomachinery efficiencies, gas turbine cooling flows, steam production in the heat recovery steam generator, etc.) and then carries out energy, mass, and chemical species balances for each plant component, with iterations to insure whole-plant consistency. Part B of the paper presents detailed comparisons of the predicted performance of systems now being proposed for commercial installation in the 25–30 MWe power output range, as well as predictions for advanced combined cycle configurations (including with intercooling) with outputs from 22 to 75 MWe. Finally, an economic assessment is presented, based on preliminary capital cost estimates for BIG/GT combined cycles.

Evaluation of Electricity Cost in a Growing Market

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Mohamed ◽  
V. Sethi ◽  
P. Pilidis ◽  
A. O. Abu ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Power Setting ◽  
The Cost

Operating gas turbines at higher firing temperatures has been shown to be more thermally efficient with more power obtained from relatively less fuel. There is, however, an associated slight increase in operating and maintenance costs at higher power settings. This paper studies the relationship between gas turbine power setting, the hot gas-path components’ life consumption, operating and maintenance cost and how these parameters can affect the cost of electricity. A 165 MW gas turbine power plant is modelled and investigated with a comparative turbine blade lifing model that performs stress and thermal analysis, and creep life estimation using the parametric Larson Miller method. The outcomes of this analysis are then linked to an economic model to calculate the cost of generating electricity. The results shows that the optimum cost of electricity does not coincide with the lowest TET or power setting as would be expected when taking into account the creep life of the blade. This is because although lower TET results in improved component life, it will also result in lower thermal efficiency which is found to have a more significant impact on the overall electricity cost. In other words, the cost of electricity will increase at low TETs due to reduced thermal efficiency. On the other hand the cost of electricity will also increase at high TETs due to reduced turbine blade life that leads to increase in maintenance cost.

Assessment of Solar Steam Injection in Gas Turbines

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kalathakis ◽  
N. Aretakis ◽  
I. Roumeliotis ◽  
A. Alexiou ◽  
K. Mathioudakis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Steam Production

The concept of solar steam production for injection in a gas turbine combustion chamber is studied for both nominal and part load engine operation. First, a 5MW single shaft engine is considered which is then retrofitted for solar steam injection using either a tower receiver or a parabolic troughs scheme. Next, solar thermal power is used to augment steam production of an already steam injected single shaft engine without any modification of the existing HRSG by placing the solar receiver/evaporator in parallel with the conventional one. For the case examined in this paper, solar steam injection results to an increase of annual power production (∼15%) and annual fuel efficiency (∼6%) compared to the fuel-only engine. It is also shown that the tower receiver scheme has a more stable behavior throughout the year compared to the troughs scheme that has better performance at summer than at winter. In the case of doubling the steam-to-air ratio of an already steam injected gas turbine through the use of a solar evaporator, annual power production and fuel efficiency increase by 5% and 2% respectively.

Expectations and Recent Experience for Gas Turbine Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM)

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Steele ◽  
Dale C. Paul ◽  
Torgeir Rui
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
Reliability Growth ◽  
Market Place ◽  
New Product Introductions ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Cost

Since the early 1990’s there have been significant changes in the gas turbine, and power generation market place. The ‘F-Class’ Gas Turbines, with higher firing temperatures, single crystal materials, increased compressor pressure ratios and low emission combustion systems that were introduced in the early 1990’s have gained significant field experience. Many of the issues experienced by these new product introductions have been addressed. The actual reliability growth and current performance of these advanced technology machines will be examined. Additionally, the operating profiles anticipated for many of the units installed during this period has been impacted by both changes in the anticipated demand and increases in fuel costs, especially the cost of natural gas. This paper will review how these changes have impacted the Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability performance of gas turbines. Data from the ORAP® System, maintained by Strategic Power Systems, Inc, will be utilized to examine the actual RAM performance over the past 10 to 15 years in relation to goals and expectations. Specifically, this paper will examine the reliability growth of the F-Class turbines since the 1990’s and examine the reliability impact of duty cycle on RAM performance.

Applications of an Interactive Balancing Procedure for Gas Turbines and Other Turbomachinery

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Allison ◽  
Harold R. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Interactive Approach ◽  
Interactive Method ◽  
Balance Weight ◽  
The Cost

Least squares balancing methods have been applied for many years to reduce vibration levels of turbomachinery. This approach yields an optimal configuration of balancing weights to reduce a given cost function. However, in many situations, the cost function is not well-defined by the problem, and a more interactive method of determining the effects of balance weight placement is desirable. An interactive balancing procedure is outlined and implemented in an Excel spreadsheet. The usefulness of this interactive approach is highlighted in balancing case studies of a GE LM5000 gas turbine and an industrial fan. In each case study, attention is given to practical aspects of balancing such as sensor placement and balancing limitations.

scholarly journals A Test Rig for the Realization of Water Recovery in a Steam-Injected Gas Turbine

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyou Wen ◽  
Jiguo Zou ◽  
Zheng Fu ◽  
Shikang Yu ◽  
Lingbo Li
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Demineralized Water ◽  
Spiral Plate ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Steam-injected gas turbines have a multitude of advantages, but they suffer from the inability to recover precious demineralized water. The present paper describes the test conditions and results of steam injection along with an attempt to achieve water recovery, which were obtained through a series of tests conducted on a S1A-02 small-sized industrial gas turbine. A water recovery device incorporating a compact finned spiral plate cooling condenser equipped with filter screens has been designed for the said gas turbine and a 100% water recovery (based on the design point) was attained.

scholarly journals An Empirical Approach to the Preliminary Design of a Closed Cycle Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. op het Veld ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Source State ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
The Cost

This paper investigates the layout and achievable efficiencies of rotating components of a Helium gas turbine. This is done by making a preliminary design of the compressor and turbine needed for the power conversion in a combined heat and power plant with a 40 MWth nuclear high temperature reactor as a heat source. State of the art efficiency values of air breathing gas turbines are used for the first calculations. The efficiency level is corrected by comparing various dimensionless data of the Helium turbomachine with an air gas turbine of similar dimensions. A single shaft configuration with a high speed axial turbine will give highest performance and simple construction. If a generator has to be driven at a conventional speed, a free power turbine configuration must be chosen. The choice of the configuration depends among others on the cost and availability of the asynchrone generator and frequency convertor.

Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigekazu Uji
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Cooling Process ◽  
Power Increase ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Turbine Model

Steam injection has been employed in gas turbines for over twenty-five years for power increase (more than 50% on some gas turbines) and efficiency improvements (more than 20%). For further improvement of efficiency on steam injected gas turbine, Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine was studied. Cycle analysis was carried out for the evaluation of efficiency among three systems, Steam Injected Gas Turbine, Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine and Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine. Results of the analysis show that Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine can realize higher efficiency than other two systems. In addition to the cycle analysis, the effect of applying the concept of Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine to the actual engine Allison gas turbine model 501-KH was evaluated. And the effect of integrating compressor inter-cooling process in Partial Regenerative Steam Injected Gas Turbine was also evaluated.

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