Integration of an Automatic Optimizer Functionality Into the Design Process of Industrial Steam Turbines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Drapkin ◽  
Franz Kores ◽  
Thomas Polklas
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Particle Swarm Optimizer ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optimization Parameters

Industrial steam turbines are mostly tailor made machinery, varying in a wide range of specifications. This feature introduces high requirements on the design process which has to be flexible, efficient and fast at the same time. Given live steam and design parameters as input, the geometry corresponding to the valid design scheme can be calculated together with the required thermodynamic, aerodynamic and mechanical characteristics. By variation of design parameters a design may be achieved which optimizes both, efficiency and cost. The optimization task is formulated mathematically, e.g. crucial optimization parameters, criteria for evaluation of different designs and other required constraints are selected. The structure of the resulting optimization problem is analyzed. Based on this analysis a modular optimization system design is proposed. The choice of Genetic Algorithms and Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimizer as optimization methods is discussed, recommendations for their proper use are given. A bicriterial optimization approach for a simultaneous optimization of efficiency and cost is developed.

Life Augmentation of Turbine Exhaust System Compensators Through Integrated MADM Optimization Approach of Stress Based Fatigue Cycles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin D. Pagar ◽  
Amit R. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Maximum Expansion ◽  
Optimal Configurations ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Turbine Exhaust

Abstract Exhaust expansion joints, also known as compensators, are found in a variety of applications such as gas turbine exhaust pipes, generators, marine propulsion systems, OEM engines, power units, and auxiliary equipment. The motion compensators employed must have accomplished the maximum expansion-contraction cycle life while imposing the least amount of stress. Discrepancies in the selecting of bellows expansion joint design parameters are corrected by evaluating stress-based fatigue life, which is challenging owing to the complicated form of convolutions. Meridional and circumferential convolution stress equations that influencing fatigue cycles are evaluated and verified with FEA. Fractional factorial Taguchi L25 matrix is used for finding the optimal configurations. The discrete design parameters for the selection of the suitable configuration of the compensators are analysed with the help of the MADM decision making techniques. The multi-response optimization methods GRA, AHP, and TOPSIS are used to determine the parametric selection on a priority basis. It is seen that weighing distribution among the responses plays an important role in these methods and GRA method integrated with principal components shows best optimal configurations. Multiple regression technique applied to these methods also shows that PCA-GRA gives better alternate solutions for the designer unlike the AHP and TOPSIS method. However, higher ranked Taguchi run obtained in these methods may enhance the suitable selection of different design configurations. Obtained PCA-GRG values by Taguchi, Regression and DOE are well matched and verified for the all alternate solutions. Further, it also shows that stress based fatigue cycles obtained in this analysis for the L25 run indicates the range varying from 1.13 × 104 cycles to 9.08 × 105 cycles, which is within 106 cycles. This work will assist the design engineer for selecting the discrete parameters of stiff compensators utilized in power plant thermal appliances.

Three-Stage Low Pressure Compressor Modernization by Means of Optimization Methods

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Goryachkin ◽  
Grigorii Popov ◽  
Oleg Baturin ◽  
Daria Kolmakova
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Pareto Set ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Pressure Compressor

Low pressure compressor operation has some features. Firstly, the LPC stages work with cold air. For this reason there is transonic or subsonic flow in LPC. Secondly, the flow in LPC has complex spatial structure. Blade geometry of LPC is described by a large number of parameters. For this reason, it is difficult to pick up optimal combination of parameters manually. The solution of this problem is the usage of optimization methods to find the optimal combination of parameters. This approach was tested in this work. The main goal of this work was the LPC modernization for new parameters of gas turbine engine. Set of unimprovable solutions (Pareto set) was obtained as a result of solving optimization task. Pareto set was a compromise between the efficiency increase and the mass flow decrease. Each point from Pareto set had a correspondence with LPC unique geometry represented as an array of optimization parameters. One point of the Pareto set met all the required parameters of modernized LPC. The LPC geometry that guaranteed the efficiency increase by 1,3%, the total pressure ratio increase by 4% and mass flow rate decrease by 11% in comparison with the original LPC was obtained as a result of the investigation.

Design Optimization of Power Plants by Considering Multiple Partial Load Operation Points

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Ju¨des ◽  
George Tsatsaronis
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Conventional Optimization

The design optimization of complex energy conversion systems requires the consideration of typical operation conditions. Due to the complex optimization task, conventional optimization methods normally take into account only one operation point that is, in the majority of cases, the full load case. To guarantee good operation at partial loads additional operation conditions have to be taken into account during the optimization procedure. The optimization task described in this article considers altogether four different operation points of a cogeneration plant. Modelling requirements, such as the equations that describe the partial load behavior of single components, are described as well as the problems that occur, when nonlinear and nonconvex equations are used. For the solution of the resulting non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, the solver LaGO is used, which requires that the optimization problem is formulated in GAMS. The results of the conventional optimization approach are compared to the results of the new method. It is shown, that without consideration of different operation points, a flexible operation of the plant may be impossible.

scholarly journals The Wave Energy Converter Design Process: Methods Applied in Industry and Shortcomings of Current Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 932
Author(s):  
Ali Trueworthy ◽  
Bryony DuPont
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Wave Energy Converter ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Energy Converter ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Converter Design

Wave energy is among the many renewable energy technologies being researched and developed to address the increasing demand for low-emissions energy. The unique design challenges for wave energy converter design—integrating complex and uncertain technological, economic, and ecological systems, overcoming the structural challenges of ocean deployment, and dealing with complex system dynamics—have lead to a disjointed progression of research and development. There is no common design practice across the wave energy industry and there is no published synthesis of the practices that are used by developers. In this paper, we summarize the methods being employed in WEC design as well as promising methods that have yet to be applied. We contextualize these methods within an overarching design process. We present results from a survey of WEC developers to identify methods that are common in industry. From the review and survey results, we conclude that the most common methods of WEC design are iterative methods in which design parameters are defined, evaluated, and then changed based on evaluation results. This leaves a significant space for improvement of methods that help designers make better-informed decisions prior to sophisticated evaluation, and methods of using the evaluation results to make better design decisions during iteration. Despite the popularity of optimization methods in academic research, they are less common in industry development. We end this paper with a summary of the areas of WEC design in which the testing and development of new methods is necessary, and where more research is required to fully understand the influence of design decisions on WEC performance.

Optimization Methods in Modeling the Mechanical Properties of Heavy Steel Plates / Metody Optymalizacyjne W Modelowaniu Własności Mechanicznych Blach Grubych

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 971-979
Author(s):  
A.Z. Grzybowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Linear Constraints ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Chance Constrained Programming ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Constrained Programming

The paper is devoted to an optimization approach to a problem of statistical modeling of mechanical properties of heavy steel plates during a real industrial manufacturing process. The approach enables the manufacturer to attain a specific set of the final product properties by optimizing the alloying composition within the grade specifications. Because this composition has to stay in the agreement with earlier indicated specifications, it leads to the large system of linear constraints, and the problem itself can be expressed in the form of linear programming (LP) task. It turns out however, that certain of the constraints contain the coefficients which have to be estimated on the base of the data gathered in the production process and as such they are uncertain. Consequently, the initial optimization task should be modeled as so-called Chance Constrained Programming problem (CCP), which is a special class within the stochastic programming problems. The paper presents mathematical models of the optimization problem that result from both approaches and indicates differences which are important for the decision makers in the production practice. Some examples illustrating the differences in solutions resulting from LP and CCP models are presented as well. Although the statistical analysis presented in this paper is based on the data gathered in the ISD Czestochowa Steelworks, the proposed approach can be adopted in any other process of steel production.

Vibration Sensitivity Analysis of the Secondary Isolation Support

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Song ◽  
Fang Zhen Song ◽  
Chuan Guang Ding
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Spring Stiffness ◽  
Optimization Parameters ◽  
Influence Degree

The second vibration isolation support (SVIS) is very important parts of the vibration engineering equipment, and its dynamic performance will affect the operating condition of the entire device. In the design process, the sensitivity of design parameters provides a very effective way for design of SVIS. By analyzing the sensitivity of the amplitude of SVIS relative to the mass of SVIS, the spring stiffness and the operating frequency, as well as the sensitivity of the modal natural frequency relative to the plate thickness, the influence degree of these design parameters on the dynamic characteristics of SVIS were obtained and the best optimization parameters the structure of SVIS were obtained.

Optimization of circular hydrostatic axial journal bearings using a multicriteria approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Solmaz ◽  
F C Babalik ◽  
F Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Multicriteria Optimization ◽  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
Bearing Design

The solutions that best optimize the design process must be determined using single-criterion and multicriteria approaches. In this research, a multicriteria optimization approach is carried out to determine the circular hydrostatic journal bearing design parameters based on the power requirement, the bearing coefficient and the minimization of the temperature rise of the oil, so that the total performance of the system is optimal. The optimization results of more than two criteria are presented and compared with previous research outcomes. Computational experimental results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present approach.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE STACK IN A STANDING WAVE THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATOR AT DIFFERENT DESIGN TEMPERATURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Normah Mohd-Ghazali ◽  
Mawahib Hassan El-Fawal
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vapor Compression ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Center Position ◽  
Discrete Variations ◽  
Parameters Of Interest ◽  
Thermoacoustic Refrigerator

Although numerous successful thermoacoustic refrigerators have been reported to date, the performance of these systems is still lower than their vapor compression counter parts. Optimization is imperative to identify the upper limit of the performance in order to be competitive and accepted by the general public. However, optimization methods adopted so far, experimentally and numerically, involved discrete variations of the selected parameters of interest. This paper presents the results of an optimization using the Lagrange Multiplier method, a mathematical approach never used before. The simultaneous optimization of the stack length and center position at various design temperatures is performed for a standard thermoacoustic refrigerator design. Results show similar pattern and trend with previous results with a 24.7% higher stack coefficient of performance achievable. This is promising considering that only two of the design parameters have been optimized.

Structure and properties of compact articles from high-alloyed iron powder with adding of boron nitride

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
B. O. Bolshakov ◽  
◽  
R. F. Galiakbarov ◽  
A. M. Smyslov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Wide Range

The results of the research of structure and properties of a composite compact from 13 Cr – 2 Мо and BN powders depending on the concentration of boron nitride are provided. It is shown that adding boron nitride in an amount of more than 2% by weight of the charge mixture leads to the formation of extended grain boundary porosity and finely dispersed BN layers in the structure, which provides a high level of wearing properties of the material. The effect of boron nitride concentration on physical and mechanical properties is determined. It was found that the introduction of a small amount of BN (up to 2 % by weight) into the compacts leads to an increase in plasticity, bending strength, and toughness by reducing the friction forces between the metal powder particles during pressing and a more complete grain boundary diffusion process during sintering. The formation of a regulated structure-phase composition of powder compacts of 13 Cr – 2 Mо – BN when the content of boron nitride changes in them allows us to provide the specified physical and mechanical properties in a wide range. The obtained results of studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the developed material allow us to reasonably choose the necessary composition of the powder compact for sealing structures of the flow part of steam turbines, depending on their operating conditions.

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