A Study of the Efficiency of Plate Freezing vs. Blast Freezing of Boxed Boneless Meat in an Abattoir

Volume 1 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir-Akbar Hessami
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Freezing Time ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Meat Packaging ◽  
Major Industry

Meat export is a major industry in Australia, and meat packaging and freezing is an energy intensive activity, requiring an objective technical investigation. This study was undertaken in order to assess the relative merits of plate and air blast freezing methods used in industry. To describe the efficiency and the technical superiority of one method over the other, in this paper, the details of an experimental study involving time-temperature measurement of meat boxes inside a plate freezer and a blast freezer under normal working conditions are provided. For the configurations used in this study, it is shown that the freezing time is much shorter for plate freezing, and also there is a much smaller variation in freezing time of various boxes compared to those for blast freezing. The smaller variation in freezing time of various boxes in each batch would help preserve the quality of meat being frozen. Also, it is explained that despite the initial higher capital cost of plate freezing, the total cost over the life of the equipment is much smaller for plate freezing compared to blast freezing.

scholarly journals Arbeid in publieke en private sectoren vergeleken

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Smulders ◽  
Irene Houtman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Public Sectors ◽  
Emotional Strain

Work in public and private sectors compared Work in public and private sectors compared During the past years, Dutch media made mention of work problems and social unrest in the public sectors. However, research did not focus very strongly on the quality of work in these sectors. Therefore the aim of this article is to describe working conditions and terms of employment in the public sectors in comparison with the private sectors in the Netherlands. The data used were gathered by TNO and Statistics Netherlands in 2010 with the annual Netherlands Working Conditions Survey. The 2010-sample contained 23.000 workers, representative for the Dutch work force.The analyses – centered on 10 public and 10 private sectors – show clearly that mental-emotional strain is higher in the public sectors than in private sectors. On the other hand, physical strain, dangerous work and irregular working hours, are encountered more frequently in the private sectors. In the public sectors employees work more with permanent contracts and in shorter working weeks. Work uncertainty is seen above average in the financial and commercial services and in the transportation sector, but also in government departments, the judiciary and the police. Feelings of burn out are found most often in the three educational sectors. Pay satisfaction is highest among workers in the financial services, higher education and government departments, and lowest in the police and the hotel and catering industry. On average overall work satisfaction is highest in the public sectors.In addition, the analyses show that the 10 public sectors cannot be seen as one whole; the same is true for the 10 private sectors. As far as the quality of work is concerned, government departments, local governments, provinces and higher education resemble commercial and financial services. But primary and secondary education, health care and the police differ significantly from the other public sectors.

scholarly journals The Cost Potential of Shallot in Rasi Salai District, Sisaket Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3905-3908
Author(s):  
Piyachat Thongpaeng, Jeeranan Wongwatanyoo, Apinya Bhumsaidon
Keyword(s):  
General Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Primary Level ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Cost

This research aimed to study the cost potential of shallot in Rasi Salai District, Sisaket Province in order to lead to planning on pricing, marketing, improving the quality of shallot and analyzing data of farmers and shallot production. The research findings on the general information of shallot farmers revealed that they consisted of 75% of males and 25% of females with 40-49 years of age or 50%. Most of their educational levels were 55% of primary level or lower. They grew shallot together with other crops. The Bang Chang varieties (local shallot varieties of Sisaket Province) were grown most of 75% and the other 25% of local northern verities called Hom Bua. The 70% of planting shallots were harvested from the last season and the other 30% were purchased from other farmers in the market.  The shallot productivity per rai was uncertain depending on the caring, fertilizing and disturbing disease. Approximately 35% of the farmers harvested 1,200-1,500 kilograms per rai or 25%. Regarding the production cost of shallot, it was found that the average mount was 8,151.5 baht per rai with the highest amount of verities of 3,250 baht per rai or 15.2%. The cost of insecticide was 1,000 baht or 10.2% of the total cost. In addition, the least cost was transportation for 3.3% only because most merchants bought shallots at the farming sites.  According to sale data, 70% of the farmers sold local verieties of Sisaket Province with average price of 30 baht per kilogram, followed by 15% of Hom Bua with an average price of 45 baht per kilogram. The average income earned by farmers in each household was different at 20,001-25,000 baht per rai

scholarly journals An exploratory test of an intuitive evaluation method of perceived argument strength

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos Hornikx ◽  
Annemarie Weerman ◽  
Hans Hoeken
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strength Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Measures ◽  
Argument Strength ◽  
Validity Measures ◽  
Evaluation Measure

According to Mercier and Sperber (2009, 2011, 2017), people have an immediate and intuitive feeling about the strength of an argument. These intuitive evaluations are not captured by current evaluation methods of argument strength, yet they could be important to predict the extent to which people accept the claim supported by the argument. In an exploratory study, therefore, a newly developed intuitive evaluation method to assess argument strength was compared to an explicit argument strength evaluation method (the PAS scale; Zhao et al., 2011), on their ability to predict claim acceptance (predictive validity) and on their sensitivity to differences in the manipulated quality of arguments (construct validity). An experimental study showed that the explicit argument strength evaluation performed well on the two validity measures. The intuitive evaluation measure, on the other hand, was not found to be valid. Suggestions for other ways of constructing and testing intuitive evaluation measures are presented.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON GRATIFICATION OF MIGRANT EMPLOYEES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TIRUPUR GARMENT INDUSTRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3SE) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
T. Sreerekha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Motivating Factor

“Quality of Work Life" is a term that had been used to describe the broader job-related experience an individual has. Quality of Work Life and major related concepts are gratification, workplace stress and quality of life. This study reveals that gratification is the major motivating factor responsible for Quality of work life. Gratification in the organization significantly differs from one organization to the other, one department to the other and even from one unit to the other depending upon the various factors influencing in the organization. Gratification and satisfaction refers to the result of various attitude possessed by an employee.  The main objective of doing the study is to understand what job satisfaction means to employees. It helps to understand how good working conditions help employees to work more efficiently. It is all about employee involvement, which consists of methods to motivate employees to participate in decision making. This helps in building good relationships. This paper is a means to appreciate the nitty-gritty involved in employee’s relationship with the organization and employers.

scholarly journals Influence of energy removal rate on the quality of minced meat from undersized crawfish during frozen storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Bonilla ◽  
Vondel Reyes ◽  
Alexander Chouljenko ◽  
Bennett Dzandu ◽  
Subramaniam Sathivel
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Blast ◽  
Minced Meat

Abstract Undersized crawfish have little economic value and are often discarded. Producing crawfish minced meat (CMM) from undersized crawfish and using an appropriate freezing technique may enable an economically viable market. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the energy removal rate using two techniques, cryogenic freezing (CF) and air blast freezing (BF), on CMM’s quality during frozen storage. CMM was separated into two batches; one batch was cryogenically frozen with liquid nitrogen and the other batch was frozen with an air blast freezer. CMM batches were frozen and stored at − 18 °C. They were analyzed for moisture content, color, pH, and lipid oxidation during 180 days of storage. The CMM yield was 64.67% of the total crawfish weight. Cryogenic freezing achieved the highest freezing rate. Cryogenically frozen CMM showed 22% less lipid oxidation than CMM frozen by air blast freezing at 180 days of storage. This study showed that CMM could be mechanically produced from undersized crawfish and freezing techniques with high energy removal rate could better maintain quality attributes for CMM during frozen storage. Graphical abstract

The effect of interpreting modes on witness credibility assessments

Interpreting ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Beatriz Hale ◽  
Natalie Martschuk ◽  
Uldis Ozolins ◽  
Ludmila Stern
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
Mock Jurors ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Witness Credibility ◽  
Simulated Trial ◽  
Court Interpreting

Research into court interpreting has shown that interpreters can have an impact on the case in many different ways. However, the extent to which this occurs depends on several factors, including the interpreter’s competence, ethics and specialized training in court interpreting, as well as working conditions. One little explored aspect is whether use of consecutive vs. simultaneous interpreting can impact jurors’ perception of a witness or other interpreted party. This paper reports on the results of a large-scale experimental study, with a simulated trial run in different conditions, involving a total of 447 mock jurors. The aim was to identify any differences in the way jurors in Australian courts might assess the evidence of an accused called as a witness, in a monolingual hearing as well as when interpreted consecutively and simultaneously from Spanish to English. Overall, jurors’ recollection of case facts did not differ significantly for the three conditions, though it was lower for consecutive during the afternoon. Jurors also found consecutive more distracting; on the other hand, the consecutive mode was associated with significantly more favourable perception of the accused’s evidence than simultaneous interpreting or monolingual communication. Although jurors found the prosecution to be less convincing when the accused’s evidence was interpreted consecutively compared to the other proceedings, the interpretation mode made no difference to the verdict.

USE OF PEAT AS LITTER FOR MILKING COWS I* Peltola Work Efficiency Association, Finland This study compared the advandages and disadvandages of peat, straw and sawdust for use as litter. The way in which peat is used, the amounts used and the effect of the litter on the structural parts of the tying-stall shed and an the labour requirement were investigated, and the quality of milk, the incidents of mastitis and the value of the manure were studied. The results show that peat absorbs urine and binds airmonia better than the other litters tested. Peat manure contains more than the average amounts of nitrogen and magnesium, and the nutriens are in the form that is more readily utilised by plants. The anmonia contents of the cowshed air were slightly lower with peat litter than with either straw or sawdust. The difficulty in peat was in handling it. There were no significant differences between the three litters in terms of the labour required. On the other hand, peat was more difficult to store during the cold winter because it tended to freeze. Urine separation systems were easily blocked by peat. The dust content of the cowshed air rose when peat was used. The litter had no affect on the state of health of the animals or on the quality of the milk. These factors are affected more by conditions on the farm in question. Peat was found to be suitable for use as litter. Flexible use of peat requires storage, spreading method and manure removal be designed specifically for peat. These factors are being studied in the final part of the work, which is still in progress. 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of this three year joint study was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of peat, straw and sawdust for litter as comprehensively as possible. In Finland straw is used on 67% of farms, sawdust on 25% and peat on 3% of dairy farms. Only about 3% of farms use no litter at all. Itie use of peat as litter was compared with sawdust and straw on 15 dairy farms during the indoor feeding period of 1983- 84. For the first 3 months 5 farms used straw as litter, 5 used sawdust and 5 peat. At the end of this period all the farms changed over to peat litter. All the cowsheds had tying-stalls, from which the manure was removed in solid form. The use of peat as litter was studied in Finland in the 1930s and 40s. Today, peat is harvested mechanically by means of a milling cutter, which creates fine particle peat. Cowsheds have also changed with respect to the use of peat with the mechanisation of manure removal. At the same time workers are now demanding better working conditions.

1986 ◽  
pp. 195-195
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Labour Requirement ◽  
Urine Separation ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Solid Form

scholarly journals Effect of a New Cardiac Massage Facilitator Device on the Fatigue of Rescue Workers in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Mohamad Amin Younessi Heravi ◽  
Zakiyeh Amini ◽  
Mostafa Roshanravan ◽  
Akram Gazerani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cardiac Massage ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Rescue Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIntroduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a direct intervention for the prevention or postponement of death in patients with cardiac arrest. The fatigue of rescue workers is of high significance when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation effectively. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a cardiac massage facilitator device on the fatigue of rescue workers in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 30 emergency medical aid non-continuous bachelor students, divided equally into two groups: one group performed cardiac massage using the device and the other without the device. Fatigue levels were assessed using a visual analog scale to evaluate fatigue severity.Results: The mean age of participants was 23.42 ± 2.02 years, the mean height was 175 ± 4.43 cm, and the mean weight was 65.45 ± 5.02 kg. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean fatigue scores of the two groups: 0.06 with the device vs. 0.57 without the device.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the cardiac massage facilitator device presented in this study could be effective in improving the quality of cardiac massage and be helpful in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MICROTUBE FLAME TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT BASED ON EMISSION SPECTRA

2008 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
DAQIANG DENG ◽  
LI ZHANG ◽  
WEIJUN CHEN ◽  
LAN QIN ◽  
YINZHANG WANG
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Calculation

Two methods used for microtube temperature calculation through outer microtube emission spectra are presented. The emission spectra of microtube flame and the outer flame are measured by a CCD fiber spectrometer in the same environment, and the outer flame temperature is measured by thermocouple simultaneity. Outer microtube flame spectra act as referenced spectra. In the first method, spectra correction coefficients are calculated with some wavelengths of referenced spectra. With the functional relationship between the wavelength and the emissivity in the referenced spectra, microtube flame temperature is computed from the emission spectra in the other method. The flame temperature is calculated by the methods on the spectra measurement data.

Experimental Study for the Influencing Factors of Electrograining Quality of PS Plate

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 734-738
Author(s):  
Yi Wen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments

Aiming at quality control of grain of PS plate，the orthogonal experiments on electrolyte concentration, current density, electrolysis temperature and time in the process of electrograining have done by surface roughometer, metalloscope, etc. Experimental results indicate that the electrolyte concentration has great influence on the amplitude parameters of surface roughness, the other factors influence the amplitude parameters and the spacing parameters significantly; the interactions of current density with electrolyte concentration or electrolysis time have not significance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document