Experiments using a light gas gun to investigate the impact melting of gunshot residue analogues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Spathis ◽  
M. C. Price
Keyword(s):  
Physical State ◽  
Gunshot Residue ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
High Purity Silicon ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract In this set of experiments, the versatility of the University of Kent's light gas gun was utilised to obtain a selection of corroborative data regarding the formation and impact of metallic gunshot residues onto high purity silicon wafers. The results from the two experiments are presented. The first experiment investigated how the formation of metallic residues varied as gunshot residue analogues traversed through air under a range of pressures from 0.056 millibar (5.6 Pa) to 1 bar (100 kPa), using solely the energy released during primer ignition; the second involved firing a metallic powder mix of pre-determined composition (via a split-sabot) under vacuum at two velocities- 500 ms-1 and 2000 ms-1. This ensured that there was no ignition or heating of the powders, unlike the first experiment, and so the morphology of the particles collected would be solely due to impact. The residues on the substrates were then analysed using a cold Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector. By separating the ignition process of the primers from the residue impacts, it allows for a closer look into the formation of these particles and helps determine whether their varied morphologies are due to the heating caused during the activation and combustion of the primer or whether its due to impact melting. This information can aid in the understanding of metallic particle formation in different pressure environments and give insight into the physical state of firearm residues when they impact a surface. Hydrocode modelling was also incorporated to corroborate the results observed during these experiments and gave results which mimicked the experimental data.

scholarly journals The 100 Top-Cited Studies on Neuropsychology: A Bibliometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Yujia Cai ◽  
Linli Zheng ◽  
Yonggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
University Of California ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
R Software ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify and analyze the bibliometric characteristics of the 100 top-cited studies on neuropsychology.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science Core Collection database to collect studies on neuropsychology from inception to 31st December 2019. Two authors independently screened the literature and extracted the data. Statistical analyses were performed using R software.ResultsThe 100 top-cited articles were cited a total of 166,123 times, ranging from 736 to 24,252 times per article. All of the studies were published from 1967 to 2014 in 47 journals. Neuropsychologia had the highest number of articles (n = 17), followed by Neurology (n = 8). The top three most productive countries were the USA (n = 60), England (n = 13), and Canada (n = 8). Eight authors contributed the same number of studies as the first author (n = 2) or corresponding author (n = 2). The most productive institute was the University of California (n = 9), followed by the University of Pennsylvania (n = 4). Of the 100 top-cited publications, 64 were original articles, and 36 were reviews. The top three Web of Science categories were clinical neurology (n = 28), behavioral sciences (n = 19), and psychiatry (n = 11).ConclusionThis study provides insight into the impact of neuropsychology research and may help doctors, researchers, and stakeholders to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of trends and most influential contributions to the field, thus promoting ideas for future investigation.

The failure of non‐binding declarations to achieve university sustainability

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Bekessy ◽  
K. Samson ◽  
R.E. Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
University Leaders ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the impact and value of non‐binding agreements or declarations in achieving sustainability in universities.Design/methodology/approachA case study of Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University is presented, analysing the reasons for lack of progress towards sustainability and evaluating best ways forward. Using a timeline and analysis of historical records for the 12 years since RMIT first engaged in the sustainability agenda, major trends in the process of implementing policies are identified. Secondly, 15 semi‐structured interviews with university leaders and key sustainability stakeholders from across the university are analysed to provide insight into how and why the university has failed to achieve sustainability.FindingsNew implications for successfully achieving sustainability arise from these findings. Accountability is a key issue, as RMIT appears to reap benefits from being signatory to declarations without achieving genuine progress. To ensure that declarations are more than simply greenwash, universities must open themselves up to scrutiny of progress to determine whether commitments have been honoured.Practical implicationsRelying on small‐scale “club” activities establishing demonstrations and raising awareness is unlikely to lead to permanent change. The evidence of RMIT's engagement with sustainability shows that, for example, even when successful pilot studies are conducted, these initiatives may do little to affect the mainstream practices of a university unless certain conditions exist. Furthermore, given the on‐paper commitments institutions have made, and the role of the university in society, small‐scale and gradual changes in university practice are a far from adequate response to the urgent sustainability imperative.Originality/valueThe initial engagement of RMIT University with the sustainability agenda 12 years ago marked it as a world leader in sustainability best‐practice. Analysing how and why such a disappointing lack of action has resulted from such promising beginnings provides insight into future directions for implementing sustainability in universities. The paper argues that considering the key responsibility of universities in leading the sustainability agenda, a more systemic and serious response is required.

scholarly journals First person – Stéphanie Cottier

Biology Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. bio054171
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Cell Wall Protein ◽  
Early Career ◽  
First Person ◽  
Conserved Residues ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
The University ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTFirst Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Stéphanie Cottier is first author on ‘The yeast cell wall protein Pry3 inhibits mating through highly conserved residues within the CAP domain’, published in BiO. Stéphanie is a post-doc in the lab of Roger Schneiter at the University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland, investigating using yeast model organism to gain insight into the function of the widespread CAP protein superfamily.

Characterization of Perovskite-Like Substrates for Thin Film Superconductors using Synchrotron X-Ray Topography

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (A) ◽  
pp. 255-261
Author(s):  
G.-D. Yao ◽  
S.Y. Hon ◽  
M. Dudley ◽  
Julia M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Defect Formation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Potential Substrate

AbstractThe characterization of defect configurations in various perovskite-like substrate materials for high Tc superconductor epitaxial films has been conducted using white beam synchrotron X-ray topography. The substrates were found to contain crystal lattice defects such as twins, dislocations and grain boundaries. It is shown that characterization of substrates can potentially afford insight into factors controlling the properties of the high Tc superconductor tilms supported on them. This can help in the selection of optimum substrate material. Defect formation mechanisms in individual materials as well as their respective influences on the films are discussed. Comparisons between the physical and chemical properties of several potential substrate materials are presented.

scholarly journals Feature Focus: Skyscrapers in a Microworld

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (03) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo O’Connor ◽  
Harry Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
New Applications ◽  
The University ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Advanced Research Projects Agency

This article reviews to enrich the variety of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) to open new applications and markets. Established manufacturing methods for most MEMS were developed for electronics, and so the microcromachines turned out that way generally look like chips. The selection of materials is usually limited, and height, measured in microns, often remains in the single digits and rarely exceeds 20. Work at the University of Wisconsin in Madison is proceeding with a process that uses deep X-ray lithography. The technique is derived from an established micromanufacturing process known as LIGA, an acronym derived from the German terms for lithography, electroforming, and molding. LIGA, which has been around for a while, produces relatively tall micromachines by a method that radiates X-ray-sensitive materials to create molds. EFAB is being developed by USC’s Information Sciences Institute with funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. To support commercialization of the process, the Institute has established the EFAB Consortium, which intends to give interested partners the option of acquiring prototype micro devices fabricated from their own 3D CAD designs.

Influence of age on masonry bond strength and mortar microstructureThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Masonry.

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heber Sugo ◽  
Adrian W. Page ◽  
Stephen Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Microstructural Change ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The University ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of age on bond strength and mortar microstructure was investigated as part of an ongoing masonry bond strength research program at The University of Newcastle. Previous work has shown that both strength losses and strength gains occur with age. The potential loss of bond strength with time has structural implications as the design of masonry using the Australian masonry standard AS 3700–2001 is based on the 7 d bond strength. In this investigation, a single mortar-and-unit combination (dry pressed clay and 1:1:6 mortar) cured under ambient laboratory conditions was studied. Bond strength was determined at ages ranging from 3 to 365 d using a small-scale uniaxial tension test. Maximum bond strength was observed to occur at 180 d with strength minima occurring at 90 and 365 d. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to further identify the mortar constituents and hydration levels. Changes in the density of the paste microstructure were observed up to 28 d, which correlated with the initial increase in bond strength. No other microstructural change to account for the strength variations between 28 and 365 d could be observed using these techniques.

scholarly journals Impact of Student Support Services on Students Development at University Level

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Shabeena Shaheen ◽  
Ziarab Mahmood ◽  
Nazir Haider Shah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Student Support Services ◽  
Student Support ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Library Services ◽  
University Level ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The main purpose of the study was to scrutinize the impact of student support services (SSS) on students’ development at the university level. The research design was quantitative in nature. The population of the study comprised of all university students of Islamabad. The simple random technique was used for the selection of the sample. The respondents were 80 students from those universities. Data were collected through a questionnaire and it has consisted of 56 items. Data were analyzed using statically mean, standard deviation and regression analysis of the impact of SSS on students’ development. The findings of study reveal that library services are adequate as compared to the availability of other support services and the results also reveal a strong relationship found among student support services and students’ development. It is recommended that the universities should make sure the availability of SSS.

scholarly journals Facebook Communication and Marketing Influence on Decision-Making and Choice of University Student Representatives: A Student’s Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapiwa Chininga ◽  
Ellen Rungani ◽  
Norman Chiliya ◽  
Tinashe Chuchu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Peer Communication ◽  
Campaign Messages ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
University Of Fort Hare ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Facebook has become the main platform for young adults to sustain their social presence as well as expand their social networks. The impact of social media on youth decision-making has attracted much attention in research and academia. The research setting was at University of Fort Hare, a university located in South Africa. Before and during a student representative council (SRC) election at the university, the six student parties contesting for the leadership office utilised Facebook in communicating and marketing their campaign messages to fellow students. This research therefore empirically investigated how Facebook influenced university students’ intention to vote and elect an SRC for the institution. The survey methodology was adopted in collecting data and non-probability sampling, a form of convenience sampling was utilised in selection of suitable participants for the study. A total of 381 students participated in the study responding to questions examining potential drivers of selection of a particular student representative party (SRP). A conceptual model was developed with Facebook constructs that included “medium credibility of Facebook”, “peer communication on Facebook” and “user trust of Facebook” among other factors that influence students’ choice of an (SRP). The main findings established that identification with peers was observed as having the most significant impact on youths’ intention to vote for student representatives. Message credibility was found to have weak impact on student’s intention to vote for a particular (SRC) candidate. Implications emerged from the findings and further research suggestions were provided.

scholarly journals A Diverse and Sustainable Biodiesel Supply Chain Optimisation Model Based on Properties Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8400
Author(s):  
Chun Hsion Lim ◽  
Wei Xin Chua ◽  
Yi Wen Pang ◽  
Bing Shen How ◽  
Wendy Pei Qin Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Index Profile ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Oil Crop ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Supply Chain Optimisation ◽  
Optimisation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Producing sustainable biodiesel from oil crops has been a great challenge, especially for oil crops plantations that involve various small and medium stakeholders. Differences in plantation activities and environments create a unique sustainability profile for each oil crop that may impose more sustainability issues such as deforestation problems in oil palm plantations. This paper embraced the unique sustainability index profile of each oil crop, and an investigation was performed to evaluate the feasibility of integrating multiple oil crops into the existing biodiesel refinery to improve its economic and sustainability performances. The selection of the process feed is proposed to be based on oil crop properties such as iodine value, peroxide value and saturated and unsaturated fatty acid contents. The sustainability profiles considered in the study include deforestation, oil yield, fertiliser impact, water impact and carbon footprint. Case studies demonstrated that a more balanced sustainability index profile could be achieved at a higher production cost—from USD 6.43 billion·y−1 in a cost-saving-centric solution to USD 39.90 billion·y−1 in a sustainability-improvement-centric solution. The study provided excellent insight into the impact on production cost to achieve sustainability which can help stakeholders to evaluate the feasibility of integrating multiple oil crops in the system.

Cyanobacterial toxins and liver diseaseThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a special issue celebrating the 125th anniversary of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Manitoba.

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 773-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Labine ◽  
G.Y. Minuk
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
125Th Anniversary ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
University Of Manitoba ◽  
The University ◽  
Present Understanding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Freshwater Environments ◽  
Selection Of

Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, produce a variety of toxins, some of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe and potentially life-threatening diseases in humans. As the growth of cyanobacteria within freshwater lakes increases worldwide, it is important to review our present understanding of their toxicity and potential carcinogenicity to gain insight into how these organisms impact human health. This review addresses each of these topics, with special emphasis given to cyanobacterial hepatotoxins within freshwater environments.

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