Decommissioning of AECL Whiteshell Laboratories

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant W. Koroll ◽  
Dennis M. Bilinsky ◽  
Randall S. Swartz ◽  
Jeff W. Harding ◽  
Michael J. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Research Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
High Level ◽  
Waste Handling

Whiteshell Laboratories (WL) is a Nuclear Research and Test Establishment near Winnipeg, Canada, operated by AECL since the early 1960s and now under decommissioning. WL occupies approximately 4400 hectares of land and employed more than 1000 staff up to the late-1990s, when the closure decision was made. Nuclear facilities at WL included a research reactor, hot cell facilities and radiochemical laboratories. Programs carried out at the WL site included high level nuclear fuel waste management research, reactor safety research, nuclear materials research, accelerator technology, biophysics, and industrial radiation applications. In preparation for decommissioning, a comprehensive environmental assessment was successfully completed [1] and the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission issued a six-year decommissioning licence for WL starting in 2003 — the first decommissioning licence issued for a Nuclear Research and Test Establishment in Canada. This paper describes the progress in this first six-year licence period. A significant development in 2006 was the establishment of the Nuclear Legacy Liabilities Program (NLLP), by the Government of Canada, to safely and cost effectively reduce, and eventually eliminate the nuclear legacy liabilities and associated risks, using sound waste management and environmental principles. The NLLP endorsed an accelerated approach to WL Decommissioning, which meant advancing the full decommissioning of buildings and facilities that had originally been planned to be decontaminated and prepared for storage-with-surveillance. As well the NLLP endorsed the construction of enabling facilities — facilities that employ modern waste handling and storage technology on a scale needed for full decommissioning of the large radiochemical laboratories and other nuclear facilities. The decommissioning work and the design and construction of enabling facilities are fully underway. Several redundant non-nuclear buildings have been removed and redundant nuclear facilities are being decontaminated and prepared for demolition. Along with decommissioning of redundant structures, site utilities are being decommissioned and reconfigured to reduce site operating costs. New waste handling and waste clearance facilities have been commissioned and a large shielded modular above ground storage (SMAGS) structure is in final design in preparation for construction in 2010. The eventual goal is full decommissioning of all facilities and infrastructure and removal of stored wastes from the site.

Site Decommissioning of AECL Whiteshell Laboratories

2004 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant W. Koroll
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Nuclear Installation ◽  
Underground Research Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Fuel Waste

AbstractAECL Whiteshell Laboratories (WL), near Winnipeg, Canada has been in operation since the early 1960s. R&D programs carried out at WL include a 60 MW organic-cooled research reactor, which operated from 1965 to 1985, reactor safety research, small reactor development, materials science, post irradiation examinations, chemistry, biophysics and radiation applications. The Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program was conducted and continues to operate at WL and also at the nearby Underground Research Laboratory.In the late-1990s, AECL began to consolidate research and development activities at its Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) and began preparations for decommissioning WL. Preparations for decommissioning included a staged shutdown of operations, planning documentation and licensing for decommissioning. As a prerequisite to AECL's application for a decommissioning licence, an environmental assessment (EA) was carried out according to Canadian environmental assessment legislation. The EA concluded in 2002 April when the Federal Environment Minister published his decision that WL decommissioning was not likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects and that no further assessment by a review panel or mediation would be requiredIn 2002 December, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission issued a decommissioning licence for WL, valid until December 31, 2008. The licence authorized the first planned phase of site decommissioning as well as the continuation of selected research programs. The six-year licence for Whiteshell Laboratories was the first overall decommissioning license issued for a Canadian Nuclear Research and Test Establishment and was the longest licence term ever granted for a nuclear installation of this complexity in Canada.The first phase of decommissioning is now underway and focuses on decontamination and modifications to nuclear facilities, such as the shielded facilities, the main R&D laboratories and the associated service systems, to achieve a safe state of storage-with-surveillance. Later phases have planned waste management improvements for selected wastes already in storage, eventually followed by final decommissioning of facilities and infrastructure and removal of most wastes from the site.This paper provides an overview of the planning, environmental assessment, licensing, and organizational processes for decommissioning and selected descriptions of decommissioning activities currently underway at AECL Whiteshell Laboratories.

Decommissioning AECL Whiteshell Laboratories

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Koroll ◽  
M. A. Ryz ◽  
J. W. Harding ◽  
W. R. Ridgway ◽  
M. J. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Nuclear Installation ◽  
Underground Research Laboratory ◽  
Nuclear Fuel Waste

AECL operates two nuclear R&D laboratories in Canada, Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) near Ottawa, Ontario, and Whiteshell Laboratories (WL), near Winnipeg, Manitoba. Whiteshell Laboratories have been in operation since about 1965. R&D programs carried out at WL included the WR-1 research reactor, which operated from 1965 to 1985, reactor safety research, small reactor development, materials science, post irradiation examination, chemistry, biophysics and radiation applications. The Canadian Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program was conducted and continues to operate at WL and also at the nearby Underground Research Laboratory. In the late-1990s, AECL began to consolidate research and development activities at CRL and initiated preparations for decommissioning WL. Preparations for decommissioning included a formal environmental assessment under Canadian environmental assessment legislation, a prerequisite to AECL’s application for a decommissioning licence. In 2002 December, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission issued a decommissioning licence for WL, valid until December 31, 2008. The licence authorizes the first planned phase of site decommissioning as well as the continuation of selected research programs. The six-year licence for Whiteshell Laboratories is the first overall decommissioning license issued for a Canadian Nuclear Research and Test Establishment and is the longest licence term ever granted for a nuclear installation of this complexity in Canada. The first phase of decommissioning is now underway and focuses on decontamination and modifications to nuclear facilities, such as the shielded facilities, the main R&D laboratories and the associated service systems, to achieve a safe state of storage-with-surveillance. Later phases have planned waste management improvements for selected wastes already in storage, eventually followed by final decommissioning of facilities and infrastructure and removal of most wastes from the site. This paper provides an overview of the planning, environmental assessment, licensing, and organizational processes for decommissioning and selected descriptions of decommissioning activities currently underway at AECL Whiteshell Laboratories.

Radioactive Waste Management Challenges and Progress in Iraq

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Al-Musawi ◽  
Emad S. Shamsaldin ◽  
John R. Cochran
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Radioactive Waste Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
Radioactive Waste Treatment

The government of Iraq, through the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) is decommissioning Iraq’s former nuclear facilities. The 18 former facilities at the Al-Tuwaitha Nuclear Research Center near Baghdad include partially destroyed research reactors, a fuel fabrication facility and radioisotope production facilities. These 18 former facilities contain large numbers of silos and drums of uncharacterized radioactive waste and approximately 30 tanks that contain or did contain uncharacterized liquid radioactive wastes. Other key sites outside of Al Tuwaitha include facilities at Jesira (uranium processing and waste storage facility), Rashdiya (centrifuge facility) and Tarmiya (enrichment plant). The newly created Radioactive Waste Treatment Management Directorate (RWTMD) within MoST is responsible for Iraq’s centralized management of radioactive waste, including safe and secure disposal. In addition to being responsible for the uncharacterized wastes at Al Tuwaitha, the RWTMD will be responsible for future decommissioning wastes, approximately 900 disused sealed radioactive sources, and unknown quantities of NORM wastes from oil production in Iraq. This paper presents the challenges and progress that the RWTMD has made in setting-up a radioactive waste management program. The progress includes the establishment of a staffing structure, staff, participation in international training, rehabilitation of portions of the former Radioactive Waste Treatment Station at Al-Tuwaitha and the acquisition of equipment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of technological radiation sources in the pumping station of the primary circulation loop and on the top of the pool type research reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Stoyan Kadalev
Keyword(s):  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Decay Time ◽  
Research Reactor ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Circulation Loop ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Pool Type

The present paper considers the approach to an assessment of technological radiation sources in the primary water-water reactor circulation loop. In principle, such an evaluation is a multidisciplinary task that covers not only the irradiation of the nuclei, the formation of new isotopes and their decay when they are unstable, but also calculations in the field of hydraulics in order to perform an assessment of the irradiation time and the decay time. A general and a more detailed review of the radiation sources formation in the nuclear facilities and the pool type research reactors with demineralized water as a heat carrier are prepared. The initial isotopic composition of the heat carrier has been adopted according to the Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The general mathematical model of the processes of nuclei irradiation, the formation of new isotopes and their decay, the assessment of the irradiation time and the decay time is described in details, enabling the repetition of this evaluation to a particular facility. The presented approach is applied in the reconstruction design of the nuclear research reactor IRT-2000, Sofia, Bulgaria.

E-Waste Management in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Shinu Vig ◽  
Richa Narayan Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Computer Monitors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Waste Handling

E-waste is a rising problem given the volumes of e-waste being generated and the content of both toxic and valuable materials in them. This new kind of waste has raised serious concerns regarding their disposition and recycling all over the world. Having hazardous components in television and computer monitors (lead, mercury, and cadmium) and in circuit boards (nickel, beryllium, and zinc), the recycling and discarding of e-waste becomes a key concern. Disposal of e-waste poses serious environmental and health hazards. However, these problems can be tackled with the help of a circular approach. In this backdrop, the chapter discusses the problem of e-waste management in India, the related environmental and health issues in e-waste handling and disposal. It also discusses e-waste recycling practices in India and the current policy level interventions by the government. The chapter also highlights the possible business opportunities offered by the circular approach to e-waste management.

Safe and Compliant Nuclear Waste Management: What Does It Really Mean?

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murthy Devarakonda ◽  
Jennifer Biedscheid
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Yucca Mountain ◽  
Nuclear Waste Management ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Technical Basis

Nuclear waste management is a complex and contentious issue in all parts of the world, involving social, political, technical, and economic interests, and generating a reaction of public suspicion and mistrust in most cases. Not surprisingly, the end goal for all parties involved in the nuclear waste management debate is identical: the safe disposition of the waste in compliance with governing regulations. The governing regulations, in turn, are intended primarily to protect public health and the environment, not just in the present, but well into the future, given the long-lived nature of many radionuclides in the waste. However, each party in the nuclear waste management debate approaches and defines the end goal differently. The balancing of interests and ideas pursued by the government, regulators, scientific community, local watchdog groups, and the general public regarding the end goal affect the way that policies are determined and by whom. The strength of the various arguments and the environment in which they are asserted also plays a role in policy development. The resolution of a nuclear waste management issue in any given case can never be described unequivocally as the “best,” “safest,” or “optimal” solution simply because the various parties and entities involved will very rarely look at the end point from the same perspective (technical, emotional, or political). However, nuclear waste management programs can be designed and developed so that the disparity of expectations and emotions is minimized by means of open communications and a sound technical basis for all decisions. This paper discusses examples of these concepts in the context of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) and Yucca Mountain Programs. These programs, which address the permanent disposition of transuranic (TRU) waste and high-level radioactive waste (HLW), respectively, provide the opportunity to view policy decisions and associated impacts both within the framework of resulting operational realities in the case of the WIPP Program and within the process of defining a strategy for the progress of the Yucca Mountain Program.

scholarly journals Integration of formal and informal sector (waste bank) in waste management system in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 02007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hijrah Purnama Putra ◽  
Enri Damanhuri ◽  
Emenda Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Program Optimization ◽  
The Government ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
Source Limitation ◽  
The City ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors ◽  
Yogyakarta City

The change of waste management paradigm becomes an important thing to do, as a step adaptation to the increasing rate of waste generation every year in Indonesia. 100% management target has been divided into two parts, namely the reduction (30%) and waste handling (70%). Reductions focus on source limitation and 3R program optimization, whereas handling involves collecting and final processing activities. However, the current level of waste reduction is still very low (12%), the government made various efforts to increase it, one of its with the waste bank program. DIY province as a pioneer in the concept of waste bank continues to develop to increase the participation of the community, from 166 locations in 2013, increased to 792 locations in 2017 and 495 of its as the waste bank (62.5%). Average waste bank with 43 customers, able to manage the waste up to 2,078,064 kg/month, with the data can be estimated the amount of waste that can be managed in the city of Yogyakarta, Sleman and Bantul Regency. The city of Yogyakarta has 433 units of the waste bank, capable of managing waste up to 899,801.8 kg/month, Sleman Regency has 34 units of the waste bank (78.966,4 kg/month) and Bantul has 24 units of the waste bank (49.873,5 kg/month). The integration of formal and informal sectors through waste banks can increase the percentage of waste management services. The level of service in Yogyakarta City increased from 85% to 95.5%, Sleman District from 30.71 to 31%, and Bantul Regency from 7.49 to 7.7%

scholarly journals Implementasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Bungo Nomor 6 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah di Kelurahan Tanjung Gedang Kecamatan Pasar Muara Bungo

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-17
Author(s):  
Joko Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
The Public ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Waste Handling ◽  
Descriptive Method

Estimated solid waste generated in Bungo District in a day is about 143 tons, and the leading sector in waste management in Bungo Regency is the Office of the Environment, identifying problems in implementing Bungo District Regulation No. 6/2015 on Waste Management in Tanjung Gedang Village, among others: Lack Temporary Shelter, low participation and awareness of the community in maintaining cleanliness, lack of socialization from the government to the community towards the Regional Regulation. The purpose of this study is to examine in depth related to the implementation and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the Regional Regulation in Tanjung Gedang Village. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The informants in this study numbered twelve people who were determined by purposive sampling and accidental sampling techniques. The results of this study note that the implementation of Waste Management in Tanjung Gedang Urban Village has not been implemented in accordance with the established regulations, it can be seen from the implementation of rights, obligations, prohibitions, waste management, and sanctions that have not been implemented in accordance with the rules has been established. The inhibiting factors in the implementation of the Regional Regulation are: there is no location and geographically Tanjung Gedang Village is near the riverbanks, making it difficult to create a Temporary Shelter, and there is no waste handling activity. Lack of adequate waste management facilities causes low participation and public awareness in maintaining environmental cleanliness. The limited budget causes a lack of socialization of the Regional Regulation to the public, and there is no firm action from the Government on the enforcement of the norms that have been regulated therein.

scholarly journals Decommissioning: a problem or a challenge?

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Irena Mele
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Research Reactor ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Uranium Mine ◽  
Nuclear Facility ◽  
Nuclear Facilities

With the ageing of nuclear facilities or the reduced interest in their further operation, a new set of problems, related to the decommissioning of these facilities, has come into forefront. In many cases it turns out that the preparations for decommissioning have come too late, and that financial resources for covering decommissioning activities have not been provided. To avoid such problems, future liailities should be thoroughly estimated in drawing up the decommissioning and waste management programme for each nuclear facility in time, and financial provisions for implementing such programme should be provided. In this paper a presentation of current decommissioning experience in Slovenia is given. The main problems and difficulties in decommissioning of the Zirovski Vrh Uranium Mine are exposed and the lesson learned from this case is presented. The preparation of the decommissioning programme for the Nuclear Power Plant Krsko is also described, and the situation at the TRIGA research reactor is briefly discussed.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGANAN SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN TAMAN KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

Publika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Patria Adhi Baskoro ◽  
Badrudin Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Waste Handling

Penanganan sampah sangatlah penting untuk membantu pemerintah dalam menangani permasalahan sampah di Indonesia. Dengan adanya penanganan sampah ini masyarakat merupakan bagian dari upaya pemerintah untuk menjalankan Implementasi Kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan didalam Peraturan Daerah  Kabupaten Sidoarjo Nomor 6 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah Dan Retribusi Pelayanan Kebersihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan penanganan sampah di Kecamatan Taman Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis adalah teori implementasi menurut Donald S. Van Meter dan Carl E. Van Horn dalam Widodo (2013), meliputi ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumberdaya, karakteristik agen pelaksana, sikap/kecenderungan pelaksana, komunikasi antarorganisasi dan aktivitas pelaksana, lingkungan sosial ekonomi politik. Penanganan sampah di Kecamatan Taman masih perlu banyak perbaikan di dalam pelaksanaannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya implementasi kebijakan penanganan sampah bertujuan agar daerah Jl. Bringin Bendo bebas dari sampah liar dan bau sampah yang dapat mengganggu lingkungan warga. Bertujuan untuk mendisiplinkan masyarakat agar tidak ada TPS yang ilegal dan tidak ada pencemaran tempat maupun udara. Saran penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah memberikan pendekatan terhadap masing-masing organisasi pelaksana untuk saling bertukar pendapat dalam mencapai tujuan bersama, Kata kunci: implementasi kebijakan, penanganan sampah, pemerintah   Waste handling is very important to assist the government in dealing with waste problems in Indonesia. With this waste management, the community is part of the government's efforts to carry out the implementation of policies that have been stipulated in the Sidoarjo Regency Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2012 concerning Waste Management and Cleaning Service Retribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of waste management policies in Taman Subdistrict, Sidoarjo Regency. The type of research used is descriptive, with a qualitative approach. The theory used to carry out the analysis is the theory of implementation according to Donald S. Van Meter and Carl E. Van Horn in Widodo (2013), which includes size and policy objectives, resources, characteristics of implementing agents, attitudes / trends of executing, communication between organizations and implementing activities, socio-economic and political environment. Waste handling in Taman Subdistrict still needs a lot of improvement in its implementation. The results showed that the implementation of waste management policies aimed at the Jl. Bringin Bendo is free from illegal trash and the smell of garbage that can disturb the environment of residents. Aim to discipline the community so that there are no illegal polling stations and no pollution of places or air. The suggestion of this research is that the government provides an approach to each implementing organization to exchange opinions in achieving common goals. Keywords: policy implementation, waste handling, government

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