Risk Factors for the Incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in Lecturers During the Online Learning Period

Background: The online learning process during the Covid 19 pandemic has increased the incidence of Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). The results of the study showed that there were 15% of lecturers at Widya Husada University Semarang experienced CVS. The purpose of the study was to analyze CVS risk factors among lecturers during the online learning period.Methods: The study was conducted using a case-control design. The research sample was lecturers at Widya Husada University as many as 60 people consisting of 30 people each in the case and control groups. A questionnaire with google forms was used for data collection. The data analysis used was univariate, chi-square for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis.Results: There are 5 variables that are significantly proven as risk factors for CVS, namely: 1) long working with computers (OR = 18.693; 95% CI = 1.487 – 234.955); 2) duration of computer use continuously (OR = 54,281; 95% CI = 2,523 – 1167,92); 3) length of rest after using the computer (OR = 31.060; 95% CI = 1.884 – 512.062); 4) distance from eyesight to monitor (OR = 34.640; 95% CI = 2.263 – 530.240); and 5) the position of the top of the monitor with respect to the horizontal eye level (OR = 17.555; 95% CI = 1.778 -173.296). Lecturers who have these 5 risk factors together will have a probability of experiencing CVS by 83%. Conclusion: Exposure to computer monitors experienced by lecturers during online learning will increase the risk of CVS events. There needs to be an effort to modify risk factors so that CVS events among lecturers during online learning can be prevented.

Decision Support System For Computer Recommendations Using Web-Based Fuzzy Tahani Logic Method

Nowadays people are familiar with computers and many use computers to support their needs, but many people do not understand the specifications of computers that suit their needs, so a web-based application is made that provides recommendations for computer specifications using fuzzy logic. This research method uses observation to obtain information about computer components. The results of this study indicate the recommendations for computer components, namely computer, monitors, keyboard, and mouse according to the user's wishes. The conclusion of this study, this website makes it easier for users to choose computer components.

Mimicry

The authors have collaborated on a machine learning multiscreen video installation powered by computer algorithms and inspired by mimicry in the natural world. The artwork explores a pseudo-environment loop system in nature and artificial mechanical organisms combining living flowers with projectors, webcams, and computer monitors. Technically, the software adopts a genetic algorithm to simulate the process of mimicry; conceptually, this real-time art installation is in conversation with Nam June Paik's piece TV Garden. The project explores the possibilities of integrating artificial intelligence and nature in the landscape of the future.

Measurement of Circadian Effectiveness in Lighting for Office Applications

As one factor among others, circadian effectiveness depends on the spatial light distribution of the prevalent lighting conditions. In a typical office context focusing on computer work, the light that is experienced by the office workers is usually composed of a direct component emitted by the room luminaires and the computer monitors as well as by an indirect component reflected from the walls, surfaces, and ceiling. Due to this multi-directional light pattern, spatially resolved light measurements are required for an adequate prediction of non-visual light-induced effects. In this work, we therefore propose a novel methodological framework for spatially resolved light measurements that allows for an estimate of the circadian effectiveness of a lighting situation for variable field of view (FOV) definitions. Results of exemplary in-field office light measurements are reported and compared to those obtained from standard spectral radiometry to validate the accuracy of the proposed approach. The corresponding relative error is found to be of the order of 3–6%, which denotes an acceptable range for most practical applications. In addition, the impact of different FOVs as well as non-zero measurement angles will be investigated.

Frequently Updated Maps and their Public Display

The display of maps on computer monitors in a public setting can be used to emphasize their value in conveying spatial patterns. For thematic maps, by removing the possibility for interaction, more attention can be focused on the mapped distributions. Maps that lend themselves best for public display are those that are frequently updated, such as weather maps. Other types of frequently updated maps (FUMs) include those of earthquakes, air pollution, and health conditions, such as the spread of a virus. These types of maps are increasingly provided through the internet in an interactive format, making the resultant maps less suited for public display. Described here are available maps that could be displayed in a public setting, and a method to make maps for quick display based on available data. A series of these maps can then be assembled and shown in a continuous loop. The display of maps for the public can be implemented using the low-cost, Raspberry Pi computer. Maps that are suitable for public display, instructions for implementation and the required code are available at: maps.unomaha.community/FUMPD/About.html.

E-Waste Management in India

E-waste is a rising problem given the volumes of e-waste being generated and the content of both toxic and valuable materials in them. This new kind of waste has raised serious concerns regarding their disposition and recycling all over the world. Having hazardous components in television and computer monitors (lead, mercury, and cadmium) and in circuit boards (nickel, beryllium, and zinc), the recycling and discarding of e-waste becomes a key concern. Disposal of e-waste poses serious environmental and health hazards. However, these problems can be tackled with the help of a circular approach. In this backdrop, the chapter discusses the problem of e-waste management in India, the related environmental and health issues in e-waste handling and disposal. It also discusses e-waste recycling practices in India and the current policy level interventions by the government. The chapter also highlights the possible business opportunities offered by the circular approach to e-waste management.

Opportunities and Challenges of Connections, Trust, Diversity, and Conflict for Motivation, Volition, and Engagement in Online Learning

Motivation is an important parameter for successful completion of the course by the student. There are many factors that can mar such motivation like digital fatigue, poor instructional design, facilitator competency, course design, assessment practices, and student support. For online teaching learning, the authors spend a lot of time in front of computer monitors, keep typing on computer keyboard, listen to audio using headsets, etc. The students may be sitting in live meeting of their class and not understand what is expected of them. They may have a sense of being lost and demotivated. The students may not want to ask questions for fear of appearing foolish. This chapter looks into the factors related to motivation in online teaching and learning settings. It examines the factors related to motivation like deepening connections, dealing with diversity, managing conflict, teacher capabilities for online facilitation, providing feedback, providing educational resources to students, digital fatigue, assessment and evaluation practices for online learning, and conversing.