An Extra Mode of Enhanced Heat Transfer by Oscillating Bubbles in Minichannels and Microchannels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Schro¨der ◽  
S. Alraun
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Zero Crossing

Experimental investigations on heat transfer in tubular micro- or minichannel arrangements more often report on two-phase flow instabilities, pulsations or oscillations, which result in a remarkable influence on heat transfer efficiency. In order to explain the piston-like oscillations of the steam-plugs and water-slugs (-columns), the authors studied the somehow similar process which occurs in the worldwide known toy steam boat. Experiments have been performed which used a demonstration plant made of glass. By controlled electrical heating, high-speed video, pressure and local temperature measurements, the paths of energy have been disclosed. The results are as surprising as the effect of making gold from sand with respect to an equivalent axial heat-conductivity of the water-filled glass tube. Initiated by these results, an abstracting model is presented that analytically quantifies this new regenerating (oscillating and conducting) heat transfer mode e.g. concerning the combination of a heat recharging tube wall and an oscillating water column in a field of diminishing temperatures between the temperature of the boiler surface and the subcooled bulk water. By introducing these heat transfer details, the steam boat can give an answer, not only on frequency and amplitude of the oscillations, but on the steady state conditions for — or time-dependency of — the location of zero-crossing as well. Experimental results and model calculations are in good agreement and need no fitting factors. This is the base to discuss that process along with its physical parameters and compare it to the above mentioned observations in flow-boilers or pulsating heat pipes etc. which use microchannels or minichannels.

Experimental Study of Condensation Flow Inside Horizontal Smooth, Herringbone and Three Enhanced Surface Tubes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Yan ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Weiyu Tang ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Zhijian Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Flux ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Horizontal Tube ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Enhanced Surface

Enhanced condensation heat transfer of two-phase flow on the horizontal tube side receives more and more concerns for its fundamentality and importance. Experimental investigations on convective condensation were performed respectively in different horizontal tubes: (i) a smooth tube (11.43 mm, inner diameter); (ii) a herringbone tube (11.43 mm, fin root diameter); and (iii) three enhanced surface (EHT) tubes (11.5 mm, equivalent inner diameter): 1EHT tube, 2EHT-1 tube and 2EHT-2 tubes. The surface of EHT tubes is enhanced by arrays of dimples with the background of petal arrays. Experiments were conducted at a saturation temperature of approximately 320 K; 0.8 inlet quality; and 0.2 outlet quality; 72–181 kg·m−2·s−1 mass flux using R22, R32 and R410A as the working fluid. The refrigerant R32 presents great heat transfer performance than R410A and R22 at low mass flux due to its higher latent heat of vaporization and larger thermal conductivity. The heat enhancement ratio of the herringbone tube is 2.72–2.82, rated number one. The primary dimples on the EHT tube increase turbulence and flow separation, and the secondary petal pattern produce boundary layer disruption to many smaller scale eddies. The 2EHT tubes are inferior to the 1EHT tube. A performance factor is used to evaluate the enhancement effect except of the contribution of area increase.

Experimental Investigation of Fluid Motion in Pulsating Heat Pipe

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Yun Noh ◽  
Sung Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Pulsating Heat Pipe ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Circulation Mode

In this research, operating characteristics and heat transfer phenomena in 2-turn pulsating heat pipe operating in a circulation mode were experimentally investigated. Temperature, pressure and high-speed flow visualization data were obtained with the variation of diameters (1.2 mm, 1.7 mm and 2.2 mm) and input powers. The overall pressure variation from start-up to steady state was measured using the pressure transmitters in the evaporator section. Heat transfer phenomena were investigated using homogeneous-equilibrium model. Thermodynamic state of two-phase mixture at the exit of evaporator is identified as a saturation state using obtained temperature and pressure data. The ratio of sensible heat to latent heat changed with the variation of diameters and input powers. It was found that each evaporator has a different ratio and latent heat was dominant in most experimental cases.

Analysis and Experimental Research on the Fluid–Solid Coupled Heat Transfer of High-Speed Motorized Spindle Bearing Under Oil–Air Lubrication

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Gao ◽  
Weitao Jia ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Dongya Zhang ◽  
Zhengliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Spindle Bearing ◽  
Air Lubrication

Abstract For high-speed motorized spindle bearing, temperature rise is the primary factor that restricts the maximum speed of spindle and affects the stability of system. This paper addresses the lubrication and cooling of spindle bearing by exploiting the precise oil control and high cooling efficiency of oil–air lubrication. Enlightened by the bearing tribology and two-phase flow theory, a numerical model of oil–air two-phase flow heat transfer inside bearing cavity is created, with which the effects of operating condition and nozzle structure parameters on the temperature rise are studied. As the results show, with the elevation in speed, the heat generation increases rapidly, and despite the somewhat enhanced heat transfer effect, the temperature still tends to rise. Given the higher volume fraction of air than oil in the two-phase flow, the temperature rise of bearing is suppressed greatly as the air inlet velocity increases, revealing a remarkable cooling effect. When a single nozzle is used, the bearing temperature increases from the inlet to both sides, which peaks on the opposite side of the inlet. In case multiple evenly distributed nozzles are used, the high-temperature range narrows gradually, and the temperature distributions in the inner and outer rings tend to be consistent. With the increase in the nozzle aspect ratio, the airflow velocity drops evidently, which affects the heat dissipation, thereby resulting in an aggravated temperature rise. Finally, the simulation analysis is verified through experimentation, which provides a theoretical basis for selecting optimal parameters for the oil–air lubrication of high-speed bearing.

Two-Phase Wakes in Adiabatic Liquid-Gas Flow Around a Cylinder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dohwan Kim ◽  
Matthew J. Rau
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Flow Around A Cylinder ◽  
High Heat Transfer

Abstract Small tubes and fins have long been used as methods to increase surface area for convective heat transfer in single-phase flow applications. As demands for high heat transfer effectiveness has increased, implementing evaporative phase-change heat transfer in conjunction with small fins, tubes, and surface structures in advanced heat exchanger and heat sink designs has become increasingly attractive. The complex two-phase flow that results from these configurations is poorly understood, particularly in how the gas phase interacts with the flow structure of the wake created by these bluff bodies. An experimental study of liquid-gas bubbly flow around a cylinder was performed to understand these complex flow physics. A 9.5 mm diameter cylinder was installed horizontally within a vertical water channel facility. A high-speed camera captured the movement of the liquid-gas mixture around the cylinder for a range of bubble sizes. Liquid Reynolds number, calculated based on the cylinder diameter, was varied approximately from 100 to 3000. Time-averaged probability of bubble presence was calculated to characterize the cylinder wake and its effects on the bubble motion. The influence of the liquid Reynolds number, superficial air velocity, and bubble size is discussed in the context of the observed two-phase flow patterns.

Molecular-to-Large-Scale Heat Transfer With Multiphase Interfaces: Current Status and New Directions

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj M. Manglik ◽  
Milind A. Jog
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Spray Cooling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Interfacial Behavior ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Momentum And Heat Transfer

The scientific understanding of multiphase interfaces and the associated convective mass, momentum, and heat transport across and along their boundaries, provide the fundamental underpinnings of the advancement of boiling heat transfer, two-phase flows, heat pipes, spray cooling, and droplet-film coating, among many other engineering applications. Numerous studies have tried to characterize the interfacial behavior and model their mechanistic influences either directly or implicitly via parametric experimental investigations and/or simulations. The goal of advancing our understanding as well as developing generalized, perhaps “universal,” and more accurate phenomenological or mechanistic correlations, for predicting mass, momentum, and heat transfer, continues to engage the worldwide research community. A collection of some such current investigations that are representative of both basic and applied issues in the field is presented in this special issue of the Journal of Heat Transfer.

scholarly journals Dynamics of dry spots in the liquid film moved by the gas flow in the mini-channel under intensive local heating

2018 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 01059
Author(s):  
Egor Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heater Surface ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Transfer Crisis ◽  
Typical Size ◽  
Dry Spot

Experimental studies of hydrodynamics and the heat transfer crisis were carried out for a two-phase stratified flow in a mini-channel with intensive heating from a heat source of 1x1 cm2. It has been established that as the heat flow increases, the total area of dry spots on the heater increases, but when a certain temperature of the heater surface reaches ≈100 °C, the area of dry spots begins to decrease. With the help of high-speed visualization (shooting speed 100000 frames per second), several stages of formation of a dry spot (a typical size of the order of 100 microns) were isolated. It was found that at a heat flux of 450 W/cm2 about 1 million dry spots per 1 second are formed and washed on the surface of the heater (1 cm2). The speed of the contact line when dry spot is forming reaches 10 m/s.

Computational and Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Within a Column Photobioreactor

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Mortuza ◽  
Stephen P. Gent ◽  
Anil Kommareddy ◽  
Gary A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Reynolds Number ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Mass Force ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heat Transfer Effects

The goal of this research is to investigate heat transfer effects of two phase gas-liquid flows in a column photobioreactor (PBR) experimentally as well as computationally using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The authors have completed a preliminary study on bubble formation, rise and resulting circulation patterns using lab-scale experiments and CFD simulations. This study extends on this previous work by investigating the relationships of bubble drag coefficient and bubble Reynolds number with superficial gas velocity and a study of heat transfer within the PBR. It is hypothesized that a greater understanding the bubble movement patterns will aid in predicting heat transfer rates within the PBR. Dispersed gas–liquid flow in the rectangular column PBR are modeled using the Eulerian–Lagrangian approach. The heat transfer process has been considered for the case of a steady state three dimensional PBR. A low Reynolds number k–epsilon CFD model is used for the description of flow pattern near the wall. The velocity profiles and eddy diffusivity obtained by the model are utilized to predict heat transfer coefficients for different superficial gas velocities. The information on heat transfer effects between cooling or heating surfaces and a gas-liquid dispersed bed is essential for designing a PBR. Carbon dioxide, which is necessary for photosynthetic microalgae growth, is added to the system. Bubble size distribution measurements are carried out using a high-speed digital camera. The main interaction forces, i.e. the drag force, the added mass force, and lift force are considered. Heat transfer and internal hydrodynamics of a column reactor are studied and the numerical simulations results are presented for heat transfer and hydrodynamics in column PBRs. The results are validated with experimental data and with data from current literature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document