Analysis of Liquid-Cooled Heat Sink Used for Power Electronics Cooling

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Hu ◽  
Jiahui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoze Du ◽  
Lijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Geometry Optimization ◽  
Electronics Cooling ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Cold Plate ◽  
Channel Density ◽  
Cooling Channels

In the paper, liquid-cooled heat sink (cold plate) used for power electronic cooling is numerically studied. Thermal and hydraulic performances are analyzed, with the emphasis on geometrical construction of cooling channels. Two heat transfer enhancing channel shapes are investigated, such as alternating elliptical channel (AE-C) and alternating rectangular channel (AR-C). Their performances are compared with that of three traditional straight channel shapes, as straight circular channel (SC-C), straight elliptical channel (SE-C), and straight rectangular channel (SR-C). Coolant pressure drop and heat sink surface temperature are calculated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, with water as coolant. It is found that, when channel hydraulic diameter and coolant volumetric flow rate are fixed, the heat sinks with alternating rectangular channel have the highest thermal performance with a little penalty on pressure drop. Geometry optimization is studied for AR-C. The effects of channel density are investigated, and it is found that higher channel density can improve both thermal and hydraulic performances. A case study is conducted for a heat sink with uniform and discrete heat sources. It is concluded that alternating channels provide excellent thermal performance and should be taken into application for cold plate.

Analysis of Liquid-Cooled Heat Sink Used for Power Electronics Cooling

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Hu ◽  
Jiahui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoze Du ◽  
Lijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Electronics ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Geometry Optimization ◽  
Electronics Cooling ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Cold Plate ◽  
Channel Density

Liquid-cooled heat sink (cold plate) used for power electronics cooling is numerically studied. Thermal performance and hydraulic resistance are analyzed, with emphasis on geometric construction of cooling channels. Two heat transfer enhancing channel shapes are investigated, such as alternating elliptical channel and alternating rectangular channel (AR-C). Their performances are compared with that of three traditional straight channel shapes, as straight circular channel, straight elliptical channel, and straight rectangular channel. A heat sink with uniform and discrete heat sources is studied. Thermal and hydraulic characteristics in the heat sink are simulated using computational fluid dynamics approach, with water as coolant. The results show that the AR-C has the highest thermal performance with a little penalty on pressure drop, considering fixed channel hydraulic diameter and coolant volumetric flow rate. Geometry optimization is investigated for the AR-C, as well as the effect of channel density. It is found that higher channel density can improve both thermal performance and hydraulic resistance. It is concluded that alternating channel can improve cold plate performance and should be taken into application to power electronics cooling.

scholarly journals Study of Mini Channel Heat Sink with Different Internal Configuration

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akif Rahman ◽  
Md Badrath Tamam ◽  
Md Sadman Faruque ◽  
A.K.M. Monjur Morshed
Keyword(s):  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rectangular Channels ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Internal Configuration

In this paper a numerical analysis of three-dimensional laminar flow through rectangular channel heat sinks of different geometric configuration is presented and a comparison of thermal performance among the heat sinks is discussed. Liquid water was used as coolant in the aluminum made heat sink with a glass cover above it. The aspect ratio (section height to width) of rectangular channels of the mini-channel heat sink was 0.33. A heat flux of 20 W/cm2 was continuously applied at the bottom of the channel with different inlet velocity for Reynold’s number ranging from 150 to 1044. Interconnectors and obstacles at different positions and numbers inside the channel were introduced in order to enhance the thermal performance. These modifications cause secondary flow between the parallel channels and the obstacles disrupt the boundary layer formation of the flow inside the channel which leads to the increase in heat transfer rate. Finally, Nusselt number, overall thermal resistance and maximum temperature of the heat sink were calculated to compare the performances of the modified heat sinks with the conventional mini channel heat sink and it was observed that the heat sink with both interconnectors and obstacles enhanced the thermal performance more significantly than other configurations. A maximum of 36% increase in Nusselt number was observed (for Re =1044).

Thermal performance analysis by different material characteristics of electronics cooling heat sink

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Eui-Hyeok Song ◽  
RIGUANG CHI ◽  
Dae-Gyeom Yu ◽  
Seok-Ho Rhi ◽  
Dong-Ju Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Electronics Cooling ◽  
Material Characteristics

Overall Thermal Performance of a Rectangular Channel With an Array of Elongated Pedestals

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Huang ◽  
Y. Y. Yan ◽  
J. D. Maltson ◽  
E. Utriainen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Local Heat Transfer ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Coefficient Distribution

Experiments have been conducted to investigate the overall thermal performance of a rectangular channel implemented with an elongated pedestal array. The staggered pedestals were elongated in the spanwise direction in order that the jet flow from between the pedestals impinges at the centre of the pedestals in the downstream row. The average heat transfer coefficient of the pedestal and the local heat transfer coefficient distribution of the bottom channel wall were investigated for different geometrical arrangements. The pressure drop across the pedestal bank was measured. The transient liquid crystal method was used to obtain the local heat transfer coefficient distribution on the bottom channel wall and the lumped capacitance method was used to measure the average heat transfer coefficient of the pedestals in the last two rows of the bank. Five pressure taps were arranged on the centerline of each gap between two pedestal rows to measure the pressure drop. The heat transfer coefficients were measured over the Reynolds number range from 10,000 to 30,000. The minimum flow area to the channel cross-section flow area ratio ranged from 0.149 to 0.333. The effects of pedestal geometry and array distribution were investigated in detail showing the relationship between the pedestal array geometry, heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop. Conclusions were drawn on the effects of geometry and flow conditions on overall thermal performance of the respective channels.

Numerical Prediction of Thermal Performance of Water Cooled Multi-Stack Microchannel Heat Sink with Counterflow Arrangement

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Hegde ◽  
Mukesh Patil ◽  
K. N. Seetharamu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Microchannel Heat Sink ◽  
Method Performance

Thermal performance of a water cooled multistack microchannel heat sink with counterflow arrangement has been analyzed using the finite element method. Performance parameters such as thermal resistance, pressure drop, and pumping power are computed for a typical counterflow heat sink with different number of stacks. The temperature distribution in a typical multistack counterflow microchannel heat sink is obtained for different numbers of stacks and plotted along the channel length. A parametric study involving the effects of number of stacks and channel aspect ratio on thermal resistance and pressure drop of the heat sink is done. The finite element model developed for the analysis is simple and consumes less computational time.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations on Thermal Performance of Copper with Aluminium Based Finned Heat sinks for Electronics Cooling System

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4582-4587
Author(s):  
Arulmurugan Loganathan ◽  
Ilangkumaran Mani
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Electronics Cooling ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Fixed Temperature

An Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of copper with aluminium based finned heat sinks for electronics cooling system was studied. The heat sinks have different material proportions containing major constituent of aluminium and minor constituent of copper. Considered with straight finned heat sink for the experiments for its easiness in fabrication and efficient heat transfer properties. The observational results for aluminium with copper alloy are compared with pure aluminium heat sink.  Heat sink geometry, fin pitch and its height were taken from the commercially available heat sinks. In this research work best heat sink geometry is chosen and cooked up with different volume of copper added with aluminium. Selected four different spots of heat sinks and the temperature raising characteristics were measured for natural convection. also the temperature is raised to a fixed temperature and the temperature lowering characteristics were measured in forced convection as the air circulation takes more heat to keep the heat sink temperature within the desired level.

Optimization Study for a Parallel Plate Impingement Heat Sink

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Shah ◽  
Bahgat G. Sammakia ◽  
K. Srihari ◽  
K. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Parallel Plate ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Heat Sink Design ◽  
Increased Pressure

A previous study by the authors on fin-shape optimization of a plate fin heat sink has concluded that a depopulated central zone, just under the center of the fan, provides a better thermal performance compared to the heat sink geometries with fin material under the fan. This study extends the previous work by investigating the effect of removal of fin material from the end fins, the total number of fins, and the reduction in the size of the hub fan. From this study, it is concluded that the removal of fin material from the end fins results in a better thermal and hydraulic performance of the heat sink. The reduction in the size of the hub causes a more uniform distribution of air inside the heat sink. The increase in the number of fins indicates a slightly better thermal performance, accompanied by a considerably increased pressure drop. Finally, a new optimal heat sink design has been reported by employing the actual fan operating characteristics.

Rib Spacing Effect on Heat Transfer and Pressure Loss in a Rotating Two-Pass Rectangular Channel (AR=1:2) With 45-Degree Angled Ribs

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Lesley M. Wright ◽  
Wen-Lung Fu ◽  
Je-Chin Han
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Rectangular Channel ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Cooling Channels ◽  
Smooth Channel

Rib turbulators are commonly used to enhance the heat transfer within internal cooling passages of advanced gas turbine blades. Many factors affect the thermal performance of a cooling channel with ribs. This study experimentally investigates the effect of rib spacing on the heat transfer enhancement, pressure penalty, and thus the overall thermal performance in both rotating and non-rotating rectangular, cooling channels. In the 1:2 rectangular channels, 45° angled ribs are placed on the leading and trailing surfaces. The pitch of the ribs varies, so rib pitch-to-height (P/e) ratios of 10, 7.5, 5, and 3 are considered. Square ribs with a 1.59 mm × 1.59 mm cross-section are used for all spacings, so the height-to-hydraulic diameter (e/Dh) ratio remains constant at 0.094. With a constant rotational speed of 550 rpm and the Reynolds number ranging from 5000 to 40000, the rotation number in turn varies from 0.2 to 0.02. Because the skewed turbulators induce secondary flow along the length of the rib, the very close rib spacing of P/e = 3, has the best thermal performance in both rotating and non-rotating channels. This close spacing yields the greatest heat transfer enhancement, while the P/e = 5 spacing has the greatest pressure penalty. In addition, the effect of rotation is more pronounced in the channel with the rib spacing of 3. As more ribs are added, the channel is approaching a smooth channel, and the strength of the rotation induced vortices increases.

Bend Geometries in Internal Cooling Channels for Improved Thermal Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnendu Saha ◽  
Sumanta Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Local Heat Transfer ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Local Heat ◽  
Internal Cooling ◽  
Cooling Channels ◽  
Baseline Case ◽  
Sharp Turn

The pressure drop and heat transfer in a two pass internal cooling channel with two different bend geometries is experimentally studied with the goal of improving the thermal performance factor (TPF) in the coolant channel. The geometries studied are (1) a baseline U-bend geometry with a rectangular divider wall, (2) a symmetrical bulb at the end of the divider wall, and (3) a combination of the symmetrical bulb and a bow on the opposite outer wall leading to a shaped flow contraction and expansion in the bend. Tests are conducted for four Reynolds number ranging from 10,000 to 55,000. The symmetrical bulb eliminates the separation due to the sharp turn and makes the heat transfer distribution in the bend portion more uniform. This modification reduces the bend pressure drop by 37% and augments the TPF by nearly 29% compared to the baseline case. The combination of bulb and bow case increases the local heat transfer in the bend region significantly, and reduces the bend pressure drop by nearly 27% leading to an augmentation of the TPF of 32% compared to the baseline case. These improvements in TPF point to the benefits of using the improved bend designs in internal cooling channels.

Theoretical (Ideal) Module Cooling and Module Cooling Effectiveness

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Ellsworth ◽  
Levi A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Minimum Heat ◽  
Internal Thermal Resistance ◽  
Theoretical Minimum ◽  
Processor Module ◽  
The Ideal

When contemplating processor module cooling, the notion of maximum cooling capability is not simple or straight forward to estimate. There are a multitude of variables and constraints to consider; some more rigid or fixed than others. This paper proposes a theoretical maximum cooling capability predicated on the treatment of the module heat sink or cold plate as a heat exchanger with infinite conductive and convective behavior. The resulting theoretical minimum heat sink thermal resistance is a function of the bulk thermal transport of the fluid dependent only on the fluid’s density, specific heat (at constant pressure) and volumetric flow rate. An ideal module internal thermal resistance will also be defined. The sum of the two resistances constitutes the theoretical minimum total module thermal resistance and defines the ideal thermal performance of the module. Finally, a module cooling effectiveness relating the actual module thermal performance to the ideal thermal performance will defined. Examples of both air and water cooled modules will be given with discussion on the relevance and utility of this methodology.

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