Exergy Evaluation of the Mineral Capital on Earth: Influence of the Reference Environment

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Valero ◽  
Antonio Valero ◽  
Amaya Marti´nez
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemical Exergy ◽  
Reference Environment ◽  
Mineral Reserves

The mineral capital on Earth is assessed from a 2nd law of thermodynamics approach. This requires to define precisely the Reference Environment (R.E.). Therefore, the exergy difference of the mineral capital generated from different R.E. is calculated. A sensitivity analysis is done to measure the influence of the element chemical exergy and other physical parameters of the R.E. on the mineral’s exergy. The exergy of the world mineral reserves, base reserves and world resources is obtained: 0.75, 1.08 and 6.59 Gtoe, respectively.

scholarly journals The global economy affected by the COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Ladislav Vagner
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The World ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

Research background: The disease, which broke out in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan and caused a pandemic around the world, has a constant impact on the economies of the countries even after almost two years. The issue of the effect of COVID-19 on the global economy and overall earnings management persists. Due to the topicality of the problem, we focused on the impacts and measures affecting the company’s operation. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this research article is to summarize current information on coronavirus and its effects almost two years after the outbreak. Additionally, outline three different scenarios that could occur. We also took into consideration scientific sources that deal with the shock of COVID-19. In addition, we summarize the opinions of scientific authors. Methods: Within the methodology, we used mainly the analysis and obtaining an objective picture of the current situation in the world. Following the outbreak of the pandemic, there have been significant inconstancies in GDP. Subsequently, we focus on the development of individual selected macro indicators that best describe the global economy. Findings & Value added: Finally, we offer three scenarios that outline three different situations that may occur, which we worked on based on a scenario analysis based on a modification of the sensitivity analysis, to specify future development scenarios based on macroeconomic indicators.

Evaluating Measurement Invariance in Categorical Data Latent Variable Models with the EPC-Interest

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Oberski ◽  
Jeroen K. Vermunt ◽  
Guy B. D. Moors
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Categorical Data ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Latent Variable Models ◽  
Continuous Data ◽  
External Variable ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Many variables crucial to the social sciences are not directly observed but instead are latent and measured indirectly. When an external variable of interest affects this measurement, estimates of its relationship with the latent variable will then be biased. Such violations of “measurement invariance” may, for example, confound true differences across countries in postmaterialism with measurement differences. To deal with this problem, researchers commonly aim at “partial measurement invariance” that is, to account for those differences that may be present and important. To evaluate this importance directly through sensitivity analysis, the “EPC-interest” was recently introduced for continuous data. However, latent variable models in the social sciences often use categorical data. The current paper therefore extends the EPC-interest to latent variable models for categorical data and demonstrates its use in example analyses of U.S. Senate votes as well as respondent rankings of postmaterialism values in the World Values Study.

Barrier analysis of supply chain finance adoption in manufacturing companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2122-2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswin Alora ◽  
Mukesh K. Barua
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Finance ◽  
The World ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Purpose Companies all over the world have recently started to adopt supply chain finance (SCF) solutions in their supply chains to reduce the payment defaults and simplify the bill settlement process. The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the barriers to adopting SCF in micro, small and medium enterprises. Design/methodology/approach It employs a three-phase methodology to identify and prioritize the essential barriers to the implementation of SCF. An extensive survey has been carried out in 101 Indian MSMEs in India which identified 37 barriers under six heads in the first phase. Experts’ interview using the Delphi technique has been carried out in the second phase to finalize the barriers. The analytic hierarchy process methodology, with sensitivity analysis for validation, is used in the final stage to prioritize and rank the barriers. Findings Results show that financial and information technology barriers are prominent in SCF adoption followed by financial challenges. Among specific barriers, the disclosure of sensitive company information to competitor barrier acts as an essential barrier followed by poor technological capability of MSMEs. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to SCF adoption of MSMEs in a developing nation. Extensive research is required in order to derive a global trend. Practical implications The current research contributes to the stakeholder theory and transaction cost economics. Observations made in the current research can encourage organizations to incorporate stakeholders’ concerns into the adoption of SCF solutions. The study provides a more in-depth view of such challenges and a benchmark, which will help companies to adopt SCF solutions more effortlessly. Moreover, policy makers across the world can explore these serious issues and amend or introduce new policies to facilitate companies’ implementation of supply chain financial solutions. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which identified and prioritized SCF adoption barriers of MSMEs in a developing nation. This study is also novel in adopting a hybrid analytical hierarchy process-sensitivity analysis for ranking the SCF barriers in an MSME context. SCF studies often emphasize only on the reverse factoring aspect of SCF. The current study considers many innovative aspects of SCF, such as pre-shipment financing, dynamic discounting, inventory financing, collaborative logistics, etc.

scholarly journals Squeal Frequency of a Railway Disc Brake Evaluation by FE Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cascetta ◽  
F. Caputo ◽  
A. De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Complex Eigenvalues ◽  
The Stability

This paper deals with the development of a numerical model, based on the Finite Element (FE) theory for the prediction of the squeal frequency of a railway disc brake. The analytical background has been discussed and presented, as well as the most efficient methods for evaluating the system stability; the attention has been paid particularly to the complex eigenvalues method, which has been adopted within this paper to investigate the railway disc brake system. Numerical results have been compared with measurements from experimental tests in order to validate the proposed numerical approach. At the end of this work, a sensitivity analysis, aimed at understanding the effects of some physical parameters influencing the stability of the brake system and the squeal propensity, has been carried out.

An Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic Industry

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 756-759
Author(s):  
Tao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
The World

The development of photovoltaic industry can produce great socio-economic implications in terms of induced production and job creation. The world photovoltaic market has been growing and will be strongly influenced by photovoltaic costs and available technologies.. The overall cost to implement a facility for module production having a capacity per year that may be regarded as the minimum profitable size for module production in China is considered. An input–output analysis is used for assessing the relative economic impact on production and employment. A sensitivity analysis shows that the results are reasonably robust.

scholarly journals REFERENTIAL SOCIAL SYSTEM OF MODERN PERSONALITY (CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Oksana Shmyhlyuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Social System ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Reference Environment

The article deals with the study of the reference social environment peculiarities of modern personality. It is known that the personality develops and forms in the process of entering the social environment under the influence of micro-, meso- , macro- and mega-factors. According to the transformational processes that take place in the world and particularly in Ukraine, the issues concerning modern social system peculiarities of the personality acquire relevance and practical significance. In order to investigate the reference environment peculiarities of representatives of Ukrainian and Polish ethnic groups and the significance of their influence on these groups, the Demographic Questionnaire by B. Pietrulewicz and J. Tivendell was used. It was modified and adapted by L. Zhuravlyova and O. Shmyglyuk in Ukraine by the agreement of the authors. The existence of ethnic and sexual differences in the reference social environment of the testees is studied empirically. It is stated that the interest of the contemporary Poles and Ukrainians in the reference environment with ethnocultural issues is at an average level. The presence of ethnic and sexual differences in the reference of microcommunity has been proved empirically. The representatives of the female sample differ in their assessment of the interest of the social environment in ethnocultural issues. Ukrainian women show a higher level of the interest in family, compared to the Poles who consider that friends are more important. Ukrainians are believed to be the most interested in the ethnocultural issues of friends, and Poles – teachers and employers. The sexual and ethnic differences in the reference point of the social environment are specified. Mass media are the most significant for Ukrainian men, parents’ opinion is significant for Ukrainian women. The Polish men make an emphasis on the "referencing friends", and Polish women give a great prominence to the opinion of teachers and employers.

Cumulative Microslip in Conrod Big End Bearing System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Ligier ◽  
Nicolas Antoni
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Automotive Engines ◽  
Mechanical Assemblies ◽  
Material Theory ◽  
Bearing System

High combustion gas pressure and mass reduction of modern automotive engines have generated new problems in mechanical assemblies. For example, it is now common to observe bearing shell rotation in the conrod of automotive prototype engines at the design stage. The consequence is sometimes the seizure of the bearing due to the presence of the joint face relief in the loaded area. Physically, the bearing shell rotation results from cumulated microslip between the bearing and the conrod. To have a better physical approach of the phenomenon and propose design recommendations, we have performed analyses based on the strength of material theory and numerical modellings. These tools permit us to obtain simple models allowing an easier mechanical understanding as well as an analysis of sensitivity to different parameters. The main results presented in this paper are: • The basic description of the phenomenon, • The modelling of the conrod, its sensitivity to deformation and numerical validation, • The analysis of the microslip between the bearing shell and the conrod, • The sensitivity analysis with respect to conception and physical parameters.

scholarly journals Uncertainty Analysis in Project Appraisal*

1976 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. Meenakshi Malya
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Methodological Problems

One of the inherent characteristics of capital investment projects is the presence of uncertainties in estimated outlays and future benefits. The concept of sensitivity analysis in project appraisal has been recently extended to include risk analysis. The assessment of the nature and magnitude of uncertainties poses methodological problems. The complexities arising out of interdependencies among the uncertainties necessitate a formal approach to risk analysis. A methodology for assessing the uncertainties, especially when they are interdependent, is outlined here. The application of the methodology is illustrated in the context of a project financed by the World Bank.

Global Sensitivity Analysis for Fuzzy RDF Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 1119-1144
Author(s):  
Hatem Soliman ◽  
Izhar Ahmed Khan ◽  
Yasir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Global Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Global Sensitivity ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

The resource description framework (RDF) was adopted by the World Wide Web (W3C) as an essential semantic web standard and the RDF scheme. It accords the hard semantics in the description and wields the crisp metadata. However, it usually produces vague or ambiguous information. Consequently, fuzzy RDF helps deal with such special data by transforming the crisp values into a fuzzy set. A method for analyzing fuzzy RDF data is proposed in this paper. To this end, first, we decompose the RDF into fuzzy RDF variables. Second, we are designing a model for global sensitivity analysis based on the decomposition of fuzzy RDF. It figures out the ambiguities of fuzzy RDF data. The proposed global sensitivity analysis model provides the importance of fuzzy RDF data by considering the response function’s structure and reselects it to a certain degree. A practical tool for sensitivity analysis of fuzzy RDF data has also been implemented based on the proposed model.

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