Design of Measurement and Detection Devices of Curvature Through the Synergic Integral Operators of the Mechanics on Light Waves

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Bulnes Aguirre ◽  
Eduardo Herna´ndez Alvarez ◽  
M. C. Juan Carlos Maya Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Integral Operators ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Movement Trajectories ◽  
Electromagnetic Device ◽  
Light Waves ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Curvature And Torsion ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The Universe

Of a theory of integrals for the determination of observables of fields and particles in mathematics and mechanics [1–3], and applying a generalization of the principle from the minimum action to an entire field of objects to obtain a combined action of all the useful movement trajectories in the evaluation of an observable through synergic integral operators, [1, 4], it is designed and it develops an electromagnetic device to measure the curvature of objects using the values of these integrals on geodesic and movement trajectories generated by the field and the deviations of the waves generated by the device. The most concrete case is the obtaining of a device that measures the curvature through waves of light and its reflections with tomography on the surfaces of bodies. As future addresses of this investigation it is wanted to use this device to measure curvature and torsion of the universe, as well as to detect fields, particles and regions of the susceptible space-time for the interstellar trips.

The Effect of Stress and Warfarin on the Adrenal Gland in Relation to Spontaneous Hemorrhage, as Judged by Measurement of Adrenal Ascorbic Acid and Serum Corticosterone

1971 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Chattopadhyay ◽  
D. D Johnson ◽  
G. J Millar ◽  
L. B Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Spontaneous Hemorrhage ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

SummaryRats were subjected to the following procedures: No treatment, Stressor (10% NaCl i.p.), Warfarin for 7 days, Stressor followed by Warfarin; and groups were sacrificed at intervals for assessment of spontaneous hemorrhage and of adrenal ascorbic acid concentration. There was no hemorrhage in the no treatment and stressor groups; some hemorrhage in the warfarin group; profound hemorrhage with Warfarin + Stressor. The adrenal ascorbic acid concentration was found to be lower, 8 h and again 5 days after stress, and remained lower in the warfarin + stress animals. Warfarin had no effect on adrenal ascorbic acid level.In another series of experiments in which the stress consisted of an electric current to the cage floor for 6 sec over 15 min, rats were sacrificed daily for determination of serum corticosterone concentration and occurrence of spontaneous hemorrhage. There was a statistically significant increase of serum corticosterone concentration with stress, warfarin and combined warfarin and stress treatments (P< 0.001 for all three variables). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.96 and 0.89, P< 0.01) for serum corticosterone concentration with hemorrhage score and incidence of hemorrhage in stressed rats receiving warfarin, but not in those receiving only warfarin. The results indicate an activation, rather than an exhaustion, of the pituitary-adrenal axis during the combined action of anticoagulant and stress, which results in the development of spontaneous hemorrhage.

Polarographic and spectrophotometric behaviour of some N-p-phenyl substituted benzamidines

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2791-2799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Squella ◽  
Luis J. Nuñez-Vergara ◽  
Hernan Rodríguez ◽  
Amelia Márquez ◽  
Jose M. Rodríguez-Mellado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Group A ◽  
Substituent Constants ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Waves

Five N-p-phenyl substituted benzamidines were studied by DC and DP polarography in a wide pH range. Coulometric results show that the overall processes are four-electron reductions. Logarithmic analysis of the waves indicate that the process are irreversible. The influence of the pH on the polarographic parameters was also studied. A UV spectrophotometric study was performed in the pH range 2-13. In basic media some variations in the absorption bands were observed due to the dissociation of the amidine group. A determination of the pK values was made by deconvolution of the spectra. Correlations of both the electrochemical parameters and spectrophotometric pK values with the Hammett substituent constants were obtained.

scholarly journals The Application of Electromagnetic Sensors for Determination of Cherenkov Cone Inside and in the Vicinity of the Detector Volume in Any Environment Known

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Valeriu Savu ◽  
Mădălin Ion Rusu ◽  
Dan Savastru
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Cherenkov Detector ◽  
Electromagnetic Sensors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Information Errors ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Large Frequency ◽  
Very High ◽  
Detector Volume

The neutrinos of cosmic radiation, due to interaction with any known medium in which the Cherenkov detector is used, produce energy radiation phenomena in the form of a Cherenkov cone, in very large frequency spectrum. These neutrinos carry with them the information about the phenomena that produced them and by detecting the electromagnetic energies generated by the Cherenkov cone, we can find information about the phenomena that formed in the universe, at a much greater distance, than possibility of actually detection with current technologies. At present, a very high number of sensors for detection electromagnetic energy is required. Thus, some sensors may detect very low energy levels, which can lead to the erroneous determination of the Cherenkov cone, thus leading to information errors. As a novelty, we propose, to use these sensors for determination of the dielectrically permittivity of any known medium in which the Cherenkov detector is used, by preliminary measurements, the subsequent simulation of the data and the reconstruction of the Cherenkov cone, leading to a significant reduction of problems and minimizing the number of sensors, implicitly the cost reductions. At the same time, we offer the possibility of reconstructing the Cherenkov cone outside the detector volume.

scholarly journals Multimessenger Probes for New Physics in Light of A. Sakharov’s Legacy in Cosmoparticle Physics

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Maxim Khlopov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Fundamental Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Selection Of

A.D. Sakharov’s legacy in now standard model of the Universe is not reduced to baryosynthesis but extends to the foundation of cosmoparticle physics, which studies the fundamental relationship of cosmology and particle physics. Development of cosmoparticle physics involves cross-disciplinary physical, astrophysical and cosmological studies of physics Beyond the Standard model (BSM) of elementary particles. To probe physical models for inflation, baryosynthesis and dark matter cosmoparticle physics pays special attention to model dependent messengers of the corresponding models, making their tests possible. Positive evidence for such exotic phenomena as nuclear interacting dark atoms, primordial black holes or antimatter globular cluster in our galaxy would provide the selection of viable BSM models determination of their parameters.

Heuristic determination of the cosmological constant

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150114
Author(s):  
Manuel Urueña Palomo ◽  
Fernando Pérez Lara
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Fundamental Constants ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

The vacuum catastrophe results from the disagreement between the theoretical value of the energy density of the vacuum in quantum field theory and the estimated one observed in cosmology. In a similar attempt in which the ultraviolet catastrophe was solved, we search for the value of the cosmological constant by brute-force through computation. We explore combinations of the fundamental constants in physics performing a dimensional analysis, in search of an equation resulting in the measured energy density of the vacuum or cosmological constant that is assumed to cause the accelerated expansion of the universe.

Near earthquakes in Central California*

1939 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perry Byerly
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Depth Of Focus ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
P Waves ◽  
Central California ◽  
The Waves

Summary Least-squares adjustments of observations of waves of the P groups at central and southern California stations are used to obtain the speeds of various waves. Only observations made to tenths of a second are used. It is assumed that the waves have a common velocity for all earthquakes. But the time intercepts of the travel-time curves are allowed to be different for different shocks. The speed of P̄ is found to be 5.61 km/sec.±0.05. The speed for S̄ (founded on fewer data) is 3.26 km/sec. ± 0.09. There are slight differences in the epicenters located by the use of P̄ and S̄ which may or may not be significant. It is suggested that P̄ and S̄ may be released from different foci. The speed of Pn, the wave in the top of the mantle, is 8.02 km/sec. ± 0.05. Intermediate P waves of speeds 6.72 km/sec. ± 0.02 and 7.24 km/sec. ± 0.04 are observed. Only the former has a time intercept which allows a consistent computation of structure when considered a layer wave. For the Berkeley earthquake of March 8, 1937, the accurate determination of depth of focus was possible. This enabled a determination of layering of the earth's crust. The result was about 9 km. of granite over 23 km. of a medium of speed 6.72 km/sec. Underneath these two layers is the mantle of speed 8.02 km/sec. The data from other shocks centering south of Berkeley would not fit this structure, but an assumption of the thickening of the granite southerly brought all into agreement. The earthquakes discussed show a lag of Pn as it passes under the Sierra Nevada. This has been observed before. A reconsideration of the Pn data of the Nevada earthquake of December 20, 1932, together with the data mentioned above, leads to the conclusion that the root of the mountain mass projects into the mantle beneath the surface layers by an amount between 6 and 41 km.

scholarly journals Imaging the elusive H-poor gas in planetary nebulae with large abundance discrepancy factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S323) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge García-Rojas ◽  
Romano L. M. Corradi ◽  
Henri M. J. Boffin ◽  
Hektor Monteiro ◽  
David Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Close Binary ◽  
Chemical Abundances ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Binary Evolution ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Central Stars

AbstractThe discrepancy between abundances computed using optical recombination lines (ORLs) and collisionally excited lines (CELs) is a major, unresolved problem with significant implications for the determination of chemical abundances throughout the Universe. In planetary nebulae (PNe), the most common explanation for the discrepancy is that two different gas phases coexist: a hot component with standard metallicity, and a much colder plasma enhanced in heavy elements. This dual nature is not predicted by mass loss theories, and direct observational support for it is still weak. In this work, we present our recent findings that demonstrate that the largest abundance discrepancies are associated with close binary central stars. OSIRIS-GTC tunable filter imaging of the faint O ii ORLs and MUSE-VLT deep 2D spectrophotometry confirm that O ii ORL emission is more centrally concentrated than that of [Oiii] CELs and, therefore, that the abundance discrepancy may be closely linked to binary evolution.

scholarly journals MODELING OF STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO WIND GENERATED WAVES

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Erich J. Plate ◽  
John H. Nath
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Water Tunnel ◽  
State University ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
The Waves

The difficulties inherent in the direct determination of loads on off-shore structures which are exposed simultaneously to wind and waves make it desirable to model each situation in the laboratory It is shown here that scaling of the loads and the waves is possible by using waves which are generated by blowing air over the surface of a laboratory channel, and by choosing a model material with an appropriate modulus of elasticity Wind-generated waves such as those measured m the wind water tunnel of Colorado State University have a dimensionless spectrum (Hidy and Plate (1965)) that is identical in shape to that found off the coast of Florida under hurricane conditions (Collins (1966)) Furthermore, it has been shown that hydro-elastic modeling is quite feasible (LeMehaute (1966)) These two results are combined to give modeling criteria for off-shore structures if direct wind forces are disregarded.

scholarly journals Principles of constructing gyroscopes based on photonic crystal (band-gap) fibers

Radiotekhnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Al-Sudani Haider Ali Muse
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Photonic Crystal Fiber ◽  
The Body ◽  
Crystal Fiber ◽  
Optical Gyroscope ◽  
Light Waves ◽  
Optical Circuit ◽  
Thermal Polarization ◽  
The Waves

The gyroscope is a device that makes it possible to measure the change in the orientation angles associated rotation of the body relative to an inertial coordinate system. Photonic crystal fiber gyroscopes are a kind of optical gyroscopes that offer many new features beyond that conventional fiber optic gyroscopes can offer. In any case, the properties of the optical fiber can play a large role in determining the characteristics of the gyroscope. The principle of operation of most optical gyroscopes is based on the Sagnac effect or the Sagnac interferometer, the essence of which is as follows. If two light waves propagate in a closed optical circuit in opposite directions, then in the case of an immovable circuit, the phase incursions of both waves that have passed the entire circuit in opposite directions will be the same. When the contour rotates around an axis normal to the contour plane, the phase incursions of the waves become unequal, and their difference in the general case will be proportional to the angular velocity of the contour rotation, the area covered by the contour, and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave (EMW). Since the area and frequency of the EMW remain unchanged during the operation of the gyroscope, the phase shift will be proportional only to the angular velocity. The use of photonic crystal fiber to increase the sensitivity is very promising; it significantly reduces the drift through thermal polarization, resistance, and the Kerr effect. This article suggests the use of photonic-crystal (hollow-core) fiber in optical gyroscope instead of conventional fibers.

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