Design and Production of Wireless Micro Sensor Node Based on Printed Electronics Technology

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Guo ◽  
H. Zhou ◽  
J. Wei ◽  
Z. Wei
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Micro Sensor ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology ◽  
Important Design

With the wide applications of Internet of Things technology, the design and fabrication of small size sensor nodes with high sensitivity at low cost will be the main direction of development. In this paper, the important design requirements and design drivers for the manufacturing of wireless micro sensor node based on printed electronics technology are analysed and reviewed. The micro-sensor nodes fabricated can be powered with solar cell. The production cost could be effectively reduced and the life of the system is extended. The sensor nodes could be widely used for real-time monitoring in wide areas.

Design Considerations for Ultra-Low Energy Wireless Micro Sensor Nodes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khyati Chourasia ◽  
Anubhuti Khare ◽  
Manish Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Hardware Implementations ◽  
Micro Sensor ◽  
Circuit Techniques ◽  
Dedicated Hardware

This tutorial paper examines architectural and circuit design techniques for a micro sensor node operating at power levels low enough to enable the use of an energy harvesting source. These requirements place demands on all levels of the design. We propose architecture for achieving the required ultra-low energy operation and discuss the circuit techniques necessary to implement the system. Dedicated hardware implementations improve the efficiency for specific functionality, and modular partitioning permits fine-grained optimization and power-gating. We describe modeling and operating at the minimum energy point in the transmitter and the ADC. A micro sensor node using the techniques we describe can function in an energy-harvesting scenario

scholarly journals FPGA Based Single Chip Solution with 1-Wire Protocol for the Design of Smart Sensor Nodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. R. Perera ◽  
R. G. N. Meegama ◽  
M. K. Jayananda
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Smart Sensor ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Field Programmable

Applications that involve monitoring of water quality parameters require measuring devices to be placed at different geographical locations but are controlled centrally at a remote site. The measuring devices in such applications need to be small, consume low power, and must be capable of local processing tasks facilitating the mobility to span the measuring area in a vast geographic area. This paper presents the design of a generalized, low-cost, reconfigurable, reprogrammable smart sensor node using a ZigBee with a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) that embeds all processing and communication functionalities based on the IEEE 1451 family of standards. Design of the sensor nodes includes processing and transducer control functionalities in a single core increasing the speedup of processing power due to interprocess communication taking place within the chip itself. Results obtained by measuring the pH value and temperature of water samples verify the performance of the proposed sensor node.

scholarly journals Use of Wi-Fi sensor network in measuring occupancy and people circulation in buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam Ng
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
The People ◽  
Open Mesh ◽  
Measurement Area

This research project investigated the potential in using a Wi‐Fi sensor network composed of Open Mesh sensor nodes to measure both localized and non‐localized occupants in the Architecture Building at Ryerson University with two different sensor node configurations. It also experimented with the use of Raspberry Pi, a low‐cost infrared motion sensor, as a people counter. The results show that the proposed sensor network is not capable of measuring non‐localized (transient) occupants due to their short duration of stay in the measurement area. The number of non‐localized occupants and their duration of stay can be more accurately measured by the people counter. As for localized (in one location for longer periods) occupants, the results find that while the proposed system cannot provide an accurate occupant count, it can produce a fairly accurate overall occupancy pattern under both perimeter node and single node configurations

scholarly journals Design specifications of a human-powered planter

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2118-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giusepe Stefanello ◽  
Antônio Lilles Tavares Machado ◽  
Ângelo Vieira dos Reis ◽  
Roberto Lilles Tavares Machado ◽  
César Silva de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Human Powered ◽  
Important Design

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to establish the design specifications of a human-powered punch planter for maize and beans through the application of a systematic design methodology. The most important design requirements and their specifications are related to technical performance and production cost.

Recent Advances in Impedance-Based Wireless Sensor Nodes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Farinholt ◽  
Stuart G. Taylor ◽  
Timothy G. Overly ◽  
Gyuhae Park ◽  
Charles R. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Active Sensor ◽  
Impedance Sensor

This paper presents recent developments in an extremely compact, wireless impedance sensor node for use in structural health monitoring (SHM). The sensor node uses a low-cost integrated circuit that can measure and record the electric impedance of a piezoelectric active-sensor. The sensor node also integrates several components, including a microcontroller for local computing, telemetry for wireless data transmission, multiplexers for managing up to seven piezoelectric transducers per node, energy storage mediums, and several triggering options including a wireless triggering circuit into one package to truly realize a comprehensive, self-contained wireless active-sensor node for SHM applications. It is estimated that this sensor node requires less than 75 mW of total power to operate measurement, computation and data transmission. In addition, the sensor node can also be used for the active-sensor self-diagnostic process that can monitor the operational condition of piezoelectric transducers used in SHM applications. The performance of this miniaturized and portable device is compared to our previous results and its broader capabilities are demonstrated.

scholarly journals A PUF- and Biometric-Based Lightweight Hardware Solution to Increase Security at Sensor Nodes

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Arjona ◽  
Miguel Prada-Delgado ◽  
Javier Arcenegui ◽  
Iluminada Baturone
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Fingerprint Recognition ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Physically Unclonable Functions ◽  
Secret Keys

Security is essential in sensor nodes which acquire and transmit sensitive data. However, the constraints of processing, memory and power consumption are very high in these nodes. Cryptographic algorithms based on symmetric key are very suitable for them. The drawback is that secure storage of secret keys is required. In this work, a low-cost solution is presented to obfuscate secret keys with Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), which exploit the hardware identity of the node. In addition, a lightweight fingerprint recognition solution is proposed, which can be implemented in low-cost sensor nodes. Since biometric data of individuals are sensitive, they are also obfuscated with PUFs. Both solutions allow authenticating the origin of the sensed data with a proposed dual-factor authentication protocol. One factor is the unique physical identity of the trusted sensor node that measures them. The other factor is the physical presence of the legitimate individual in charge of authorizing their transmission. Experimental results are included to prove how the proposed PUF-based solution can be implemented with the SRAMs of commercial Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chips which belong to the communication module of the sensor node. Implementation results show how the proposed fingerprint recognition based on the novel texture-based feature named QFingerMap16 (QFM) can be implemented fully inside a low-cost sensor node. Robustness, security and privacy issues at the proposed sensor nodes are discussed and analyzed with experimental results from PUFs and fingerprints taken from public and standard databases.

scholarly journals Low Cost Sensor Node Device for Monitoring Landslides

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Awaludin ◽  
Oktaf Agni Dhewa
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Early Warning Mechanism

Landslides are one of the natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia. Therefore, this disaster cannot be eliminated, but it can minimize the disadvantage caused by an early warning mechanism. Early warning systems rely on a sensor node used to read soil conditions with specific parameters. Those parameters that are read lead to the detection of mass movements. With the tightness of the monitoring process, of course, a reliable sensor node is needed. However, there are challenges in how to minimize losses that occur due to damage to sensor nodes when landslides occur. Sensor nodes are made using IMU sensors to monitor mass movements and its use two processors, namely microcontroller and mini SBC, which are inexpensive to manufacture and do not require large space in the installation.

scholarly journals Use of Wi-Fi sensor network in measuring occupancy and people circulation in buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam Ng
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
The People ◽  
Open Mesh ◽  
Measurement Area

This research project investigated the potential in using a Wi‐Fi sensor network composed of Open Mesh sensor nodes to measure both localized and non‐localized occupants in the Architecture Building at Ryerson University with two different sensor node configurations. It also experimented with the use of Raspberry Pi, a low‐cost infrared motion sensor, as a people counter. The results show that the proposed sensor network is not capable of measuring non‐localized (transient) occupants due to their short duration of stay in the measurement area. The number of non‐localized occupants and their duration of stay can be more accurately measured by the people counter. As for localized (in one location for longer periods) occupants, the results find that while the proposed system cannot provide an accurate occupant count, it can produce a fairly accurate overall occupancy pattern under both perimeter node and single node configurations

scholarly journals Development of an IoT Structural Monitoring System Applied to a Hypogeal Site

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 6769
Author(s):  
Alessio De Angelis ◽  
Francesco Santoni ◽  
Paolo Carbone ◽  
Manuela Cecconi ◽  
Alessia Vecchietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Mems Accelerometer ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Transceiver Module ◽  
Potential Benefits

This paper describes the development of a distributed sensing system that can be disseminated in an environment of interest to monitor the vibration of a structure. This low-cost system consists of several sensor nodes and a central receiving node. All nodes are built using off-the-shelf electronic components. Each of the sensor nodes is battery-powered and equipped with a triaxial MEMS accelerometer, a wireless Long Range (LoRa) transceiver module for data transmission, a GPS module used for synchronization, and a microcontroller. The operation of the sensor node is validated by controlled laboratory tests where it is compared to a commercial reference accelerometer. Furthermore, the feasibility and potential benefits of the application of the proposed system to a structure in an archaeological site is investigated. Results show that the proposed sensor node could successfully monitor the vibration at several locations within the site. Therefore, it may be employed to detect the most relevant stresses to the structure, allowing for the identification of risks.

scholarly journals Wireless Sensor Network Design Using Multihop Based on Arduino and NRF24L01+

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Faris Kurniawan ◽  
Riza Alfita ◽  
Miftachul Ulum ◽  
Hanifudin Sukri
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Communication Network ◽  
Co Gas

The development of communication networks is very useful in daily activities such as wireless data communication, monitoring and system security. In this case, a wireless sensor network technology is known, which is very suitable when applied to a system with a large number of nodes and spread over a large enough area at a low cost. This wireless sensor network is a wireless communication network that supports communication between sensor nodes in a considerable distance by placing several sensors in an area. Generally, this Wsn consists of a sensor node and a server node in the form of a personal computer. The data from the reading of the CO gas value will be sent directly from the sensor node to the node server. This device is built using the nRF24L01 module and the CO gas sensor using the MQ-7 sensor. This wireless sensor network communication system is built using multihop. From the activities it can be concluded that the success of sending data is influenced by the distance and number of nodes working on a topology, with the amount of data sent which is influenced by long distances and the large number of nodes, not all data is successfully received because of the large number of data collisions from each node.

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