Study of a Concrete Mixer Hybrid Truck

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Luigi Mapelli ◽  
Davide Tarsitano ◽  
Davide Annese ◽  
Nicola Pirri ◽  
Emanuele Zorzi
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Electrical Drives ◽  
Concrete Mixer

Decrease of availability of fossil fuels and environment issues, push research towards the development of high efficiency power trains for vehicles that transport people, goods and mobile operating machines, like the concrete mixer trucks considered in this paper. Conventional concrete mixer trucks use diesel engine to move the truck and a hydraulic system which keep spinning the concrete drum. A hybrid powertrain based on battery-powered electrical drives can replace the conventional hydraulic system assuring an efficiency improvement. Furthermore, thanks to the reversibility of the electrical drives, it is possible to recover kinetic energy during the braking phases of the truck. Aim of this paper is to study and develop a hybrid powertrain for the concrete mixer drum. The study is based on a full energetic model of the vehicle developed for sizing the components and designing the control strategies. A model of the conventional hydraulic mixer truck has also been proposed in order to evaluate the benefit introduced by the proposed hybrid system. Simulation models have been validated comparing experimental data collected on a conventional mixer truck in different operating conditions.

Development and Optimization of a Small Scale Pellet Burner

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Teixeira ◽  
Rui Ferreira ◽  
Eurico A. Seabra ◽  
Manuel Eduardo Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Air Supply

Environmental concerns and the drive to reduce the dependence on petroleum brought the use of renewable energies to the forefront. Biomass appears as a very interesting alternative for direct conversion into heat. In this context, densified forms of biomass such as pellets are of great relevance because of their easy of use, high efficiency and low emissions. The practical interest in pellet combustion has been driven by the domestic heating sector, which favors the characteristics that are intrinsic of this fuel, despite its relatively higher price. However, the growing costs of fossil fuels have extended the interest of pellet fuels into industrial applications, including co-firing in power stations. A fast growing market includes the retrofitting of existing fuel boilers and furnaces with alternative burners that can be fitted into existing combustion systems. Such an approach has proved very attractive due to the low installation cost and the growing existence of fuels produced in the vicinity of the end user. This involves in most cases a custom built application which requires a high level of flexibility to variable operating conditions. This work reports on the development of a 120 kW pellet burner. A prototype of the burner was built that enables the independent control of the air supply into various regions of the combustion chamber and an accurate supply of fuel. The burner was fitted into a testing furnace of cylindrical shape oriented horizontally. Its diameter is 0.5 m and is constructed in a modular fashion with a total length of 2.2 m. All the facility is fully instrumented and includes: temperature data in various locations inside the chamber, flue gases emissions (CO, CO2, NOx) measurements and flow rates. The objective of the test and development is to optimize the combustion over the thermal load range of the facility. The excess air, fuel supply (primary and secondary) and the shape of the furnace grate enable the optimization of the burner with CO emissions of approximately 50 ppm, well below the acceptable limits.

Model-Based Design and Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Engine Lean Operation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushkar Agashe ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Hil Simulation

This paper presents model-based design and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation of engine lean operation. The functionalities of the homogeneous combustion subsystem in engine Electronic Control Unit (ECU) in dSPACE Automotive Simulation Models (ASM) are first analyzed. To control the gasoline engine in lean operation without the drop of output torque, the combustion subsystem in engine ECU is modified by introducing two control loops, torque modifier and fuel multiplier. The performance of these two controllers is evaluated by HIL simulation using a dSPACE HIL simulator. The HIL simulation models, including vehicle plant model and softECUs in HIL simulator and engine lean control model in hardware engine ECU are modeled using model-based design. With HIL simulation, the designed engine control strategies can be immediately tested to evaluate the overall vehicle performance. The HIL simulation results show that the designed lean combustion control strategy can reduce fuel consumption and is able to meet the torque requirement at lean engine operating conditions.

The Transitional Simulation of Self-Propelled Winch System by the AMESim

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Jing Tao Yue ◽  
Hui Pu ◽  
Xiao Jun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
System Simulation ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
System Operating

The self-propelled winch system was studied taking the 20-ton transitional self-driven winch system as the engineering background. By the analysis of structural characteristics, control loops, speed solutions and hydraulic motor-driven forms of winch hydraulic system, The system of mathematical models was established which lay the foundation of the establishment of system simulation model. The walking hydraulic drive system simulation models were established by using AMESim software. On this basis, by setting different parameters, the simulation system operating conditions are simulated, which verified the rationality and stability of the design of the winch hydraulic transmission system.

Simulation Experiment of Roll Bending Machine in Valveless Servo System

2012 ◽  
Vol 619 ◽  
pp. 410-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Cao ◽  
Xiao Yan Tian ◽  
Guo Qing Wu ◽  
Qiao Mei Li ◽  
Yan Hua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Servo System ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Roll Bending

Valveless servo system is a new technology which is widely used in recent years. Compared to the traditional hydraulic system, valveless servo system has a lot of advantages such as high efficiency, less pollution and saving energy, which will be the main research direction of the hydraulic control in the future. Roll bending machine is a large industrial machine, but the efficiency of existing hydraulic system of roll bending machine is low and the cost of maintenance management is high. Applying valveless system on roll bending machine can overcome these defects. This paper made a study of the control strategies which were about valveless servo system on roll bending machine. And software MATLAB was used to do simulation experiment on valveless servo system. This paper summarized the steady-state error and dynamic characteristics according to output signals in different input signals.

scholarly journals Review of Control Techniques in Microinverters

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6486
Author(s):  
Diego Rojas ◽  
Javier Muñoz ◽  
Marco Rivera ◽  
Jaime Rohten
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Robustness Analysis ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Point Tracking

The use of renewable energies sources is taking great importance due to the high demand for electricity and the decrease in the use of fossil fuels worldwide. In this context, electricity generation through photovoltaic panels is gaining a lot of interest due to the reduction in installation costs and the rapid advance of the development of new technologies. To minimize or reduce the negative impact of partial shading or mismatches of photovoltaic panels, many researchers have proposed four configurations that depend on the power ranges and the application. The microinverter is a promising solution in photovoltaic systems, due to its high efficiency of Maximum Power Point Tracking and high flexibility. However, there are several challenges to improve microinverter’s reliability and conversion efficiency that depend on the proper control design and the power converter design. This paper presents a review of different control strategies in microinverters for different applications. The control strategies are described and compared based on stability, dynamic response, topologies, and control objectives. One of the most important results showed that there is little research regarding the stability and robustness analysis of the reviewed control strategies.

scholarly journals Performance Modeling and Analysis of a Single-Shaft Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine Using Different Operational Control Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Dodeye Igbong ◽  
Theoklis Nikolaidis ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Independent Control ◽  
Modeling And Analysis

Abstract In the last few years, one considerable factor for the viability and interest in the closed-cycle gas turbine (GT) systems for nuclear or conventional power plant application is its potential to maintain high cycle performance at varying operating conditions. However, for this potential to be realized, more competitive analysis and understanding of its control strategy are importantly required. In this paper, the iterative procedure for three independent control strategies of a 40 MW single-shaft intercooled-recuperated closed-cycle GT incorporated to a generation IV nuclear reactor is been analyzed and their performance at various operating conditions compared. The rationale behind this analysis was to explore different control strategies and to identify potential limitations using each independent control. The inventory control strategy offered a more viable option for high efficiency at changes in ambient and part-load operations, however, operational limitations in terms of size and pressure of inventory tank, rotational speed for which the centrifugal forces acting on the blade tips could become too high, hence would affect the mechanical integrity and compressor performance. The bypass control responds rapidly to load rejection in the event of loss of grid power. And more interestingly, the results showed the need for a mixed or combined control instead of a single independent technique, which is limited in practice due to operational limits.

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental control strategies assessment of a Sliding Vane Oil Pump

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Fabio Fatigati ◽  
Marco Di Bartolomeo ◽  
Giuseppe Lo Biundo ◽  
Francesco Pallante ◽  
Roberto Cipollone
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Vane Pump ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Virtual Platform

To date, Sliding Vane Pump (SVP) technology is one of the most attractive solution in different technical applications thanks to its reliability and compactness and capability to keep a high efficiency even when it is working far from rated condition. In particular, this feature makes the SVP suitable to be employed for the oil circulation (SVOP) in Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) which is characterized by a wide oil flow rates variation, delivered pressure and temperature variation which causes operating conditions of the pump far from the design point. Flow delivered changes in these machines are produced by varying the eccentricity for a mechanical connection with the engine - or by varying the speed of revolution. The mild hybridization of the powertrains calls for a strong development of electrically assisted engine auxiliaries which undoubtedly makes the flow variations easier to be done, but the presence of an electric motor requires some technological choices not fully assessed, a cost increase and a reliability decrease. The paper presents a mathematical model of a SVOP for oil circulation in ICE, suitably validated by a wide experimental activity. The model integrates a mono and zero-dimensional fluid-dynamic analysis and allows to represent the intimate behaviour of the machine. Moreover, it was employed as virtual platform to discuss pros and cons of different flow rate variation strategies and their effect on the efficiency of the SVOP.

Modelling of PV-Powered Water Electrolysers

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo Crosa ◽  
Maurizio Lubiano ◽  
Angela Trucco
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant

In the near future the hydrogen production by means of advanced water electrolysers powered by renewable hybrid energy systems (Photovoltaic solar/wind) could help to resolve the electricity supply and environmental problems relating to the use of fossil fuels. In the light of this perspective the hydrogen represents an alternative energy carrier, helping to overcome all the problems related to the intermittent nature of solar and wind sources. A non linear dynamic simulator of a photovoltaic-hydrogen energy system has been realised, aiming to provide a useful instrument for the development of innovative strategies for plant control and plant operating guidance. The lumped parameter physical approach has been used, applying the fundamental conservation laws of mass, energy and momentum to every component of the plant. The water electrolyser model has been tailored on the characteristics of an advanced pressurised system, using a Casale Chemicals S.A. advanced cell bipolar design, with alkaline electrolyte (KOH solution), whose mathematical models was described by the authors in previous papers. A first version of this simulator has been improved by introducing a reliable thermal model, able to predict the solar panel temperature profile that affects the PV array performance; the panel model has been modified in order to reproduce precisely the I/V characteristics of any PV module, starting from its nominal data. Thanks to this model improvement, the simulator allowed to be used to maximise the PV power production, evaluating different control strategies: a Maximum Power Point Tracking (M.P.P.T) block has been then introduced in the model to optimise the generated power by the photovoltaic plant. The Joule losses due to the PV field internal wiring and to its feeding connection with the electrolyser have been also considered: it consents to separately compute the energy losses in the different PV-electrolyser coupling configurations, thus evaluating the best panel disposition in order to minimise the electric power dissipation. The simulator proved to be able to robustly predict the performance of the PV-electrolysis system for different configurations, operating conditions and control strategies. A steady-state analysis not appears in fact to be an adequate tool for these purposes.

"Recent Patents on the Triboelectrostatic Separation of Fly Ash"

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haisheng Li ◽  
Wenping Wang ◽  
Yinghua Chen ◽  
Xinxi Zhang ◽  
Chaoyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Triboelectrostatic Separation

Background: The fly ash produced by coal-fired power plants is an industrial waste. The environmental pollution problems caused by fly ash have been widely of public environmental concern. As a waste of recoverable resources, it can be used in the field of building materials, agricultural fertilizers, environmental materials, new materials, etc. Unburned carbon content in fly ash has an influence on the performance of resource reuse products. Therefore, it is the key to remove unburned carbon from fly ash. As a physical method, triboelectrostatic separation technology has been widely used because of obvious advantages, such as high-efficiency, simple process, high reliability, without water resources consumption and secondary pollution. Objective: The related patents of fly ash triboelectrostatic separation had been reviewed. The structural characteristics and working principle of these patents are analyzed in detail. The results can provide some meaningful references for the improvement of separation efficiency and optimal design. Methods: Based on the comparative analysis for the latest patents related to fly ash triboelectrostatic separation, the future development is presented. Results: The patents focused on the charging efficiency and separation efficiency. Studies show that remarkable improvements have been achieved for the fly ash triboelectrostatic separation. Some patents have been used in industrial production. Conclusion: According to the current technology status, the researches related to process optimization and anti-interference ability will be beneficial to overcome the influence of operating conditions and complex environment, and meet system security requirements. The intelligent control can not only ensure the process continuity and stability, but also realize the efficient operation and management automatically. Meanwhile, the researchers should pay more attention to the resource utilization of fly ash processed by triboelectrostatic separation.

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