Framing Engineering Problems: Basic Concept

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
The Other ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Rational Knowledge

There are two kinds of knowledge in engineering. One is rational knowledge. We understand the phenomena and we can apply rational approaches. The other is knowledge about phenomena which we do not understand well, but which we can control and utilize for engineering. For example, we do not understand arc phenomena well, although there are tremendous amount of work about arc. If we do, we could prevent thunder and lightning. However, we utilize arc for welding. Without arc, most of our bridges, buildings, etc would not have been built. As Engineering is a DO activity and we do not have to UNDERSTAND the phenomena as scientists do. What is very important in engineering is how we can utilize such knowledge about these phenomena, which we do not understand well, but which we can control. And to develop a safe and secure system, we have to let them work in good harmony. This is the problem of frames as AI researchers call it. Although this is still an open question in AI, engineers have to go beyond the bounded rationality. This paper describes the basic concept of how we engineers could possibly tackle this problem.

Interrelationship of Jatharagni and Dhatvagni in context to Dhatvagni Pradoshaj Vikaras.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishor G. Satani ◽  
Hemang Raghvani ◽  
Kunjal Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Basic Concept ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Structural Relationship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
One Step ◽  
Material Form

The concept of Agni is basic concept of Ayurveda. Agni is believed to be the agency for any kind of transformation. Maharshi Vagbhatta says that each of the Dosha, Dhatu, Mala etc. have their own Agni. This is how the number of Agni cannot be limited. Though each and every Agni has its own importance, Dehagni or Jatharagni is the most important one as all other Agnis are depended upon Dehagni. Acharya Vagbhatta says that proper function of every Dhatvagni is depended on the Jatharagni. Increase or decrease of Jatharagni directly affects the function of Dhatvagni. Thus, Maharshi Charaka established functional relationship among Jatharagni and other Agnis. Maharshi Vagbhattta goes one step ahead of Maharshi Charaka by using word “Amsha” means; moieties of Kayagni, located to in its own place, are distributed to and permeate to all the Dhatus. A decrease of it (below the normal) makes for an increase of the Dhatus, while an increase of it (above the normal) makes for a decrease of a Dhatus. This shows structural relationship too, between Jatharagni and Dhatvagni as “Amsha” always indicates Murtatva or material form. Further more all these Agnis are connected with each other and due to this relationship, vitiation of Jatharagni results in vitiation of all the other Agnis.

Incarnation as Awakening: Katsumi Takizawa Reading Karl Barth

Exchange ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-155
Author(s):  
Susanne Hennecke
Keyword(s):  
Karl Barth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Kyoto School ◽  
Dialectical Theology ◽  
Christian Theologian ◽  
The One ◽  
Open Question

AbstractThis contribution deals with the thinking of the Buddhist philosopher and Christian theologian Katsumi Takizawa (1909-1984) on incarnation. Firstly, it gives a short biographical and theological introduction to Takizawa, who was influenced not only by the "father" of the so-called dialectical theology, Karl Barth, but also by one of the famous figures of the Kyoto-school, the philosopher Kitaro Nishida.This contribution concentrates, secondly, on Takizawa's the-anthropological re-interpretation of the incarnation. It is argued that for Takizawa incarnation has to be seen as an awakening of the historical Jesus (or other historical phenomena) to what he calls the original fact: the eternal relationship between God and man.Thirdly, this contribution discusses the the-anthropological thinking of Takizawa about incarnation in five short points. Apart from the positive challenges of Takizawa's thinking especially for the theology of Karl Barth, it marks clearly the most thrilling point between Takizawa's thinking on the one side and that of scholars in Barthian theology on the other side. The open question that comes up is if incarnation really can be thought without a historical mediation or mediator, as Takizawa seems to claim.

scholarly journals Social Interaction: A Study on the Openness Attitude of Both Religion Believers towards the Other Believers in the Southern Thailand

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Jaffary Awang ◽  
Mutsalim Khareng ◽  
Zaizul Ab. Rahman ◽  
Rohanee Machae ◽  
Khaidzir Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Religious Teaching ◽  
Plural Society

<p>The Southern of Thailand citizens are known as the plural society that possesses various different religions. Even though the citizens are from multi-religious society, the majority of them are Muslims and followed by the Buddhists. It is a continuous issue for the religious believers in the Southern of Thailand in communicating with the other religious believers. Their interaction process is always accompanied by the suspicion and doubt among each other. Among the concepts of harmonious living in a religious pluralism society, openness attitude is the most important basic concept. It plays the significant role as a tool to form a good relationship among people. Therefore, this study is meant to scrutinize to which extent the religious teaching that teaches on the religious harmonious of life influence its believers in interpreting it to an openness attitude in their daily interaction. This study utilised two main methods namely the qualitative and the quantitative approaches. The results from the descriptive analysis depict that most of religious believers in the Southern of Thailand possess the openness attitude in interacting with the other believers at a good level as 40.02% of them agreed, and 30.96% of them strongly agreed on the issue. Hence, the findings have convinced the study that majority of the citizens in the Southern of Thailand are highly motivated to live harmoniously. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that there are some of the religious believers failed to practice the openness attitude when interacting with the other believers, so it is a must to identify the causes in order to offer the best solution for it.</p>

Problems for the architect and town planner caused by air in motion

1971 ◽  
Vol 269 (1199) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Motion Range ◽  
The Subject

This short paper makes no original contribution to knowledge but simply describes and identifies a range of problems encountered in practice by town planners and architects. The term ‘ architectural ’ in the subject title of the Discussion Meeting is taken to imply that the results of aerodynamic research are now as applicable to architectural as to engineering problems. Architecture is broadly interpreted as the coordination of many techniques to give significant form to social programmes. As this is a comprehensive activity, it follows that the problems caused by air in motion range from the location and layout of whole cities at one end of the scale, to the design of a window or the control of an ornamental jet of water at the other. In the middle of this range typical problems arise from the siting of buildings singly and in groups, and in the structure and cladding of high-rise and low-rise buildings to resist wind, rain penetration and air-borne pollution.

scholarly journals Reflections on the Hysteretic Damping Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Maia
Keyword(s):  
Free Vibration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hysteretic Damping ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Damping Model ◽  
Free Vibration Response

This paper presents a reflection on a recently proposed solution to the problem of the free vibration response with the constant hysteretic damping model, that has been presented in some conferences in recent years, by the author himself and some of his colleagues. On the one hand, as expected, the subject has been received with natural criticism, mainly due to the well-known non-causal behaviour of the model in free vibration. On the other hand, it was not easy to understand what could be wrong in that proposal, as apparently everything was perfect from a mathematical point of view. The author decided that this subject deserved a more careful and detailed analysis and – in this kind of tutorial paper – the issue seems to have been clarified. It is concluded that the proposed solution involving the constant hysteretic damping corresponds in fact to an equivalent viscously damped model; it is therefore concluded that the application of the constant hysteretic damping to model the free vibration of practical engineering problems should be considered only in the perspective of an equivalent viscously damped model.

scholarly journals KEBERADAAN REGULASI DESAIN INDUSTRI BERKAITAN DENGAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS KARYA DESAIN DI BALI

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
NI KETUT SUPASTI DHARMAWAN ◽  
NYOMAN MAS ARYANI
Keyword(s):  
Basic Concept ◽  
Industrial Design ◽  
File System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Consequence

Effectiveness of Industrial Design registration provision based on Act No. 31, 2000 concerning IndustrialDesign in Bali has not been fully enforced. It was caused by some factors such as: lack of understanding ofIndustrial Design in societies and some of them do not know the existence of this regulation which regulate thefirst file system, some societies who has not developed the need to have laws on Industrial Design as well as thepresence of communal cultures of the Indonesian people, which is completely different from the basic concept ofindividual right protection of IPR, which based on legal cultures of west countries have contributed to thedifficulties in fully implementing IPR. The other factors caused by lack of awareness Industrial Design protectionboth the substance and the existence of this provision among law enforcers and the inadequate infrastructurerequired to administer IPR.. The concept protection of Industrial Design protect designer / owner or recipient ofthe right who register their right based on first to file system. Through this system the designer would have anexclusive rights in the form of economic and moral right. The legal consequence of the inefficiency in enforcingarticle 10 jo article 12 of the Act No. 31 of 2000 concerning Industrial Design , which regulate first to file, mightresult in the failure of the designer to secure their right over their designs, whereas the legal protection shall be goto the person who registers and have evident in form of certificate registration.

scholarly journals When is a dynamical system mean sensitive?

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 1608-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
FELIPE GARCÍA-RAMOS ◽  
JIE LI ◽  
RUIFENG ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Entropy ◽  
Topological Dynamical System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Uniquely Ergodic ◽  
Mean Sensitivity ◽  
Transitive System

This article is devoted to studying which conditions imply that a topological dynamical system is mean sensitive and which do not. Among other things, we show that every uniquely ergodic, mixing system with positive entropy is mean sensitive. On the other hand, we provide an example of a transitive system which is cofinitely sensitive or Devaney chaotic with positive entropy but fails to be mean sensitive. As applications of our theory and examples, we negatively answer an open question regarding equicontinuity/sensitivity dichotomies raised by Tu, we introduce and present results of locally mean equicontinuous systems and we show that mean sensitivity of the induced hyperspace does not imply that of the phase space.

DAMAGE AND RECONSTRUCTION OF LIFELINES IN PHANG NGA PROVINCE, THAILAND AFTER THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI

2010 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIRO TAKADA ◽  
YASUKO KUWATA ◽  
ARUN PINTA
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
City Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Okushiri Island

The Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occurred in December 2004 caused destructive damage to Phang Nga Province, Thailand. We carried out two times of interview surveys about 1 and 3 years after the event to administrative bodies and lifeline companies for getting the information on lifeline damage, restoration and reconstruction situation, and summarized the basic concept of reconstruction plan of tsunami suffered towns considering lifeline restoration. On the other hand, as for the comparison of reconstruction problems, the lifelines recovery is reviewed at Aonae district in Okushiri Island after the 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-oki earthquake. As the result, the difference of the process of reconstruction of town and lifelines has been revealed and the importance of preparing of the reconstruction plan before the event under the consideration of a long-term city planning is pointed out.

scholarly journals Egalitarian men: stereotypes and discrimination in the labor market

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-147
Author(s):  
Hyalle Abreu Viana ◽  
Ana Raquel Rosas Torres ◽  
José Luis Álvaro Estriamana
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
University Students ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Work Context ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Do So

This article aimed to analyze the stereotypes attributed to "egalitarian men", understood here as men who support gender equality in relation to domestic and family responsibilities as well as inclusion in the workforce. To do so, two studies were carried out. The first study investigated the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian men through a single open question. A total of 250 university students participated in this study, of which 51.1% were male, and their average age was 21.5 years (SD = 4.39). The second study analyzed the attribution of stereotypes to egalitarian or traditional men and women in a work context considered masculine. Participants included 221 university students with a mean age of 21.9 years (SD = 4.19), the majority (54.3%) being male. Taken together, the results of the two studies indicate that the egalitarian man is perceived as fragile and possibly homosexual. On the other hand, he is also seen as being more competent than traditional men.

scholarly journals Designing Household Scale Water Filtering with Two Tubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 355-356
Author(s):  
Sugiyanto Sugiyanto ◽  
Miftahudin Yudiansyah ◽  
Rizky Anggit Maya Olif Fatul Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sand Layer ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Small Family

The basic concept of water treatment by filtering is to separate solids or colloids from water using a filter. In the screening process there are two types, namely physics and biology. The particles in the turbid water will be physically retained by the sand layer in the filter. On the other hand, pathogenic bacteria that are retained by the filter will be destroyed by the filter installed. The design process in this paper is a simple process that can be assembled by a small family and the price is quite cheap.

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