Axiomatic Design: Review, Impact, and Future Direction

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Tate
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axiomatic Design Theory ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
The Impact

Design broadly defined deals with mapping from societal wants or needs to means for satisfying these needs. Axiomatic design is a well-known approach to design that was initially proposed by Nam P. Suh in the late 1970s. Since that time, it has underpinned much academic research in engineering design; it has been taught internationally as part of engineering curricula; and it has been used across many industries. This paper attempts to assess the impact of axiomatic design in guiding design research; its practical, industrial applications; as well as its role in stimulating and renewing engineering education. This paper also provides a brief review of the concepts underlying axiomatic design theory including its motivation and history of development, recent activity within the axiomatic design community, and suggestions for future research directions.

scholarly journals Axiomatic Design: 30 Years After

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Nordlund ◽  
Taesik Lee ◽  
Sang-Gook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Good Design ◽  
Axiomatic Design Theory ◽  
Practical Experiences

In 1977, Nam P Suh proposed a different approach to design research. Suh’s approach was different in that it introduced the notions of domains and layers in a 2-D design thinking and stipulated a set of axioms that describes what is a good design. Following Suh’s 2-D reasoning structure in a zigzagging manner and applying these axioms through the design process should enable the designer to arrive at a good design. In this paper, we present our own experiences in applying Suh’s theories to software design, product design, organizational design, process design, and more in both academic and industrial settings. We also share our experience from teaching the Axiomatic Design theory to students at universities and engineers in industry, and draw conclusions on how best to teach and use this approach, and what results one can expect. The merits of the design axioms are discussed based on the practical experiences that the authors have had in their application. The process developed around the axioms to derive maximum value (solution neutral environment, design domains, what-how relationship, zig-zag process, decomposition, and design matrices) is also discussed and some updates are proposed.

A SURVEY OF XML APPLICATIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHONGYU LU
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Content Management Systems

Scientific data/documents play a significant role in academic research and industrial applications. In the era of information fusion, building knowledge and content management systems is necessary, particularly in multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research. This paper discusses an overview about the impact of XML in knowledge and content management systems in science and technology; extends to the integration and implementation including the discussions of infrastructures, methodologies, some typical examples in case studies; finally, it ends with future research and development in a new challenge in information and knowledge engineering. It concluded that XML will make significant contributions to the next generation in information processing for scientific content management systems.

373 Historical Use of Substances for Insomnia Impacts Current Beliefs about Hypnotic Medications

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A148-A149
Author(s):  
Jessica Dietch ◽  
Norah Simpson ◽  
Joshua Tutek ◽  
Isabelle Tully ◽  
Elizabeth Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Multiple Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Beliefs About Medications ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between current beliefs about hypnotic medications and historical use of prescription hypnotic medications or non-prescription substances for sleep (i.e., over the counter [OTC] medications, alcohol, and cannabis). Methods Participants were 142 middle age and older adults with insomnia (M age = 62.9 [SD = 8.1]; 71.1% female) enrolled in the RCT of the Effectiveness of Stepped-Care Sleep Therapy In General Practice (RESTING) study. Participants reported on history of substances they have tried for insomnia and completed the Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire-Specific with two subscales assessing beliefs about 1) the necessity for hypnotics, and 2) concerns about potential adverse consequences of hypnotics. Participants were grouped based on whether they had used no substances for sleep (No Subs, 11.6%), only prescription medications (Rx Only, 9.5%), only non-prescription substances (NonRx Only, 26.6%), or both prescription and non-prescription substances (Both, 52.3%). Results Sixty-one percent of the sample had used prescription medication for sleep and 79% had used non-prescription substances (74% OTC medication, 23% alcohol, 34% cannabis). The greater number of historical substances endorsed, the stronger the beliefs about necessity of hypnotics, F(1,140)=23.3, p<.001, but not about concerns. Substance groups differed significantly on necessity beliefs, F(3,1)=10.68, p<.001; post-hocs revealed the Both group had stronger beliefs than the No and NonRx Only groups. Substance groups also differed significantly on the concerns subscale, F(3,1)=6.68, p<.001; post-hocs revealed the NonRx Only group had stronger harm beliefs than the other three groups. Conclusion The majority of the sample had used both prescription and non-prescription substances to treat insomnia. Historical use of substances for treating insomnia was associated with current beliefs about hypnotics. Individuals who had used both prescription and non-prescription substances for sleep in the past had stronger beliefs about needing hypnotics to sleep at present, which may reflect a pattern of multiple treatment failures. Individuals who had only tried non-prescription substances for sleep may have specifically sought alternative substances due to concerns about using hypnotics. Future research should seek to understand the impact of treatment history on engagement in and benefit from non-medication-based treatment for insomnia. Support (if any) 1R01AG057500; 2T32MH019938-26A1

scholarly journals Sustainability of Food Placement in Retailing during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5956
Author(s):  
Jelena Končar ◽  
Radenko Marić ◽  
Goran Vukmirović ◽  
Sonja Vučenović
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This work aims to define the impact of different indicators on the sustainability of food placement in the retail sector, during periods of crisis and emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. An empirical survey conducted in the Western Balkans (WB) region showed that indicators such as developed infrastructure, consistency, and transparency of the supply chain, skilled workers, costs, food safety, food prices, energy consumption, and changes in consumer needs are statistically significant since they affect the sustainability of food placement in the retail sector. As food placement and the retail sector itself are inseparable from other participants in the food supply chain (FSC), an analysis was conducted at the level of all FSC sectors. The results showed some deviations viewed individually in the sectors of production, physical distribution, wholesale, and retail, and in selected Western Balkan countries. Based on the results obtained, the sustainability model of food placement in the retail sector has been defined. The model will serve as the basis for defining the set of measures and incentives that competent institutions and FSC management need to undertake, to minimize the impact of indicators that endanger sustainability. The originality of the study lies in the fact that it fills the research gap that exists in this subject matter in academic research and studies in the WB region. In addition, some indicators important for food placement have been precisely isolated, with the definition of the intensity of their impact, observed overall at the level of the entire FSC as well as by individual sectors. Guidelines and suggestions for future research are listed in the paper.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Architecture Theory and Practices Research: Design Practices Evaluation Studio

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Fathi Bashier
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Architecture Theory ◽  
The Way

This article presents the initial findings of the design research carried out during the last semester by the master of architecture students at Wollega University, Ethiopia. The research goal is the creation of new knowledge to improve the design process. The dissatisfaction with the outcomes of the conventional design approach has led to rising concern and growing awareness of the need to evaluate design outcomes and to learn from the failure. That inadequate understanding of design problems leads frequently to design failure suggests that the evaluation of design outcomes can be made by assessing the way architects develop understanding of design problems, and how they use that understanding for developing knowledge base of the design process. The assumption is that architects’ understanding of design problems can be assessed by examining the way data is used for developing the knowledge base of the design process. The students surveyed the architects’ views in order to produce knowledge, which can be used to develop methods for discovering how inadequate data contributes to miss-informed design decisions; and methods for assessing the architects’ understanding of design problems. In this article the survey findings are analyzed and documented; and, the way the insight drawn from the inquiry can be used in future research for developing design theory, is discussed.Keywords: design outcomes, failure, evaluation, questionnaire, analyze

Application and limitation of axiomatic design complexity in quality engineering

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Naresh K. Sharma ◽  
Elizabeth A. Cudney
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Bounded Solution ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Complexity Measure ◽  
Specification Limits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Axiomatic Design Theory

Purpose – Complexity is an important element in axiomatic design theory. The current method for calculating complexity for a system following normal distribution is unbounded and approximate. The purpose of this paper is to present a detailed bounded solution for complexity using design and system ranges on a single function requirement. Design/methodology/approach – This paper discusses the complexity measure for a system following a uniform distribution. The complexities of two types of systems, a system performing with a uniform distribution and a system performing on target according to a normal distribution are then considered and compared. The research proposes a complexity measure for a system performing within specification limits with a uniform distribution. In addition, a new concept of relative complexity is proposed. Findings – A bounded solution for complexity for a normal distribution based on the existing assumptions was given which includes bias in addition to variance. The bounded solution was then compared to the existing approximate solution from the variance as well as bias standpoint. It was found that bias has an inappropriately reverse relationship with the bounded solution of complexity. Therefore, complexity cannot be used to approximate the system improvement when the improvement is based on a reduction in bias. Originality/value – The current method for calculating complexity for a system following normal distribution is unbounded and approximate. This paper proposed a complexity measure for a system performing within specification limits with a uniform distribution.

Axiomatic Design Applied to Manufacturing Systems Design

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Vallhagen
Keyword(s):  
Design Theory ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Axiomatic Design ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Axiomatic Design Theory ◽  
Manufacturing Systems Design ◽  
Satisfactory Manner

Abstract In earlier work, the axiomatic design theory has been analyzed for applications on product design and the production processes that pertain to it, where parts manufacture and assembly take place in flexible and automatic manufacturing systems. The conclusion is that the original model cannot handle the manufacturing aspects in a satisfactory manner. This report proposes an expansion of the axiomatic design model, with a life-cycle approach as take-off. The expansion of the model consists of the introduction of a so-called Manufacturing World with different spaces, where various types of processes and support functions can be developed in agreement with the axiomatic principles. The spaces and their relationships have been defined along with explanations of work procedures. An explanatory example is given.

Advanced Joining Techniques in European Shipbuilding

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Roland ◽  
Luciano Manzon ◽  
Pentti Kujala ◽  
Markus Brede ◽  
Jan Weitzenbock
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Mechanical Joining ◽  
Laser Hybrid Welding ◽  
The Impact

Joining processes are an important key factor for the competitiveness of European shipbuilders. They not only represent a significant portion of the total man hour consumption in hull production and outfitting, but due to heat distortions they also have a significant impact on nonproductive work operations, such as straightening and fitting. Those operations can interfere with on-board outfitting and increase lead time and construction cost. In addition to their contribution to shipyard productivity, joining techniques have a significant impact on material properties and thus on product performance and quality. Those factors become increasingly important for complex structures using comparatively thin and high-strength materials. Considering the importance of efficient joining, European shipbuilders in the past decade have invested significant efforts to develop new joining techniques, such as laser welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical joining. Based on research results, practical industrial applications have been developed recently. After reviewing the impact of joining processes on competitiveness, the article will summarize a number of past and ongoing research projects with special focus on design methods, process and equipment development, fatigue strength of joints, quality assurance, and approval. It will then present a number of recent applications of new joining techniques in European shipyards. Finally, open problems and future research needs will be briefly discussed. The article is based on a joint effort of leading European experts and will focus on laser and laser hybrid welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical joining

Play It Like Beckham!

2017 ◽  
pp. 43-61
Author(s):  
Sylvaine Castellano ◽  
Insaf Khelladi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact

New opportunities and challenges are emerging thanks to the growing Internet importance and social media usage. Although practitioners have already recognized the strategic dimension of e-reputation and the power of social media, academic research is still in its infancy when it comes to e-reputation determinants in a social networks context. A study was conducted in the sports setting to explore the impact of social networks on the sportspeople's e-reputation. Whereas the study emphasized (1) the influence of social networks' perception on the sportspeople's e-reputation, and the neutral roles of (2) the motives for following sportspeople online, and (3) the negative content on the Internet, additional insights are formulated on maintaining, restoring and managing e-reputation on social networks. Finally, future research directions are suggested on the role of image to control e-reputation.

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