Research on Leak Test for Long Distance Gas Pipline

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yan ◽  
Qing Miao ◽  
Xiangdong Xue ◽  
Yubin Wang ◽  
Daquan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Explicit Calculation ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
Leak Test ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Safe Operating

The main purpose of pre-service leak test is to prove the tightness of the pipeline system. It plays an important role to guarantee the safety operating of pipeline. However, the duration of leak test is different in different countries. If the duration of tightness test is longer, the tightness level can be sufficiently detected, which is benefit for pipeline safe operating, but the cost and the time of project must be extended; if the duration of tightness test is shorter, the defect of pipeline can not be fully exposed, which may be left hidden trouble for pipeline safe operating. Meanwhile, the tightness test may be influenced by many factors, for example the test medium, pipeline capacity, pressure, ambient temperature variation, leak detection methods, and so on. Therefore, it is unreasonable to leak test with same duration for different kinds of gas pipeline, which regulated in some standards, for example CSA Z662-11, BS EN1594:2000, ISO 13623:2008, GB 50251-2003, and so on. At the same time, those standards all regulated that the duration of tightness test should be properly extended while the pipeline capacity and ambient temperature variation obviously affect the accuracy of leak test, but the definite value is not regulated. In addition, they also regulated that the pressure increases or decreases during leak test shall be acceptable provided that it can be demonstrated through calculations that the pressure change is caused by ambient temperature variations, but there is no explicit calculation method. Now, the specified duration of leak test in different standards are all based on the engineering experience. Because there is no rational theory way, it makes the identification and modification of the duration for different kinds of pipeline become blind. Based on the theory of fluid mechanics, material mechanics, elastic mechanics, a mathematical model about the duration of leak test for long distance gas pipeline is developed for the first time. The influences of the test medium, pipeline capacity, pressure, ambient temperature variation and other factors which may impact the duration of leak test are synthetically considered in the model. The experimental verification shows that the result calculated by the model is accurate. It can provide reliable theoretical guidance for determining reasonable leak test duration for long distance gas pipeline.

Study on Duration of Hydrostatic Leak Test for Gas Pipeline

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yan ◽  
Yongxue Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Qingquan Duan
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Leak Test ◽  
First Time ◽  
Water Pressure Testing ◽  
Residual Air ◽  
Test Result

A mathematical model about the duration of hydrostatic leak test for gas pipeline is developed for the first time in the paper. The influences of temperature variation, elastic deformation of the pipe and a certain amount of residual air filled within the pipe are synthetically considered in the model. The results indicate that the duration is longer while the amount of the residual air in the pipe or the volume of pipe is lager under the same pressure dropping. The required duration is increasing with the pressure going up. At the same time, the temperature variation greatly influences the pressure dropping of the pipeline. The conclusions are helpful for determining the reasonable duration of hydrostatic leak test for gas pipeline. Furthermore, it can also provide some references for judging leak test result while hot water pressure testing in winter.

Application of HAZOP Study in Key SOP of Oil and Gas Pipelines

2013 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Deng Feng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Operating Procedure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Oil And Gas Pipelines ◽  
Operation Procedure

For long distance oil and gas pipeline system has the characteristics of high accident rate tending to happen in personnel job activity, this paper expounds the necessity and application steps of HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Analysis) analysis for long-distance pipeline system key operation procedure (SOP). The HAZAOP analysis of deviation, causes of deviation, consequences, existing control measures and recommending measures, make the key operating procedure safer, and also contributes to the improvement of the oil and gas pipeline system safety and fitness between operating procedures and hardware facilities. The results of application examples show that HAZOP is able to identify key operating procedure loopholes, helps enterprises optimize key operating procedures, improves the hardware facilities, and has an important role to improve the security of the key operation of oil and gas pipelines.

The Dynamic Simulation of a Long Distance Natural Gas Pipeline

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1244-1248
Author(s):  
Shan Bi Peng ◽  
En Bin Liu ◽  
Xiao Chun Du ◽  
Rong Lin Hong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Natural Gas Pipeline ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Condition Change ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
The One

With the growth of the natural gas market, the long distance natural gas pipeline system is getting more and more important in nowadays. As a united and enclosed hydraulic system, the operation conditions of the whole line will be changed by the influence of the condition change in one station. On the one hand, the condition change made people analyze operation scheme more difficult, on the other hand, pipeline system operating conditions directly affect the relationship between the production and the sales of natural gas. Therefore, the operation of the gas pipeline must be optimized, which brings huge economic and social benefits. This paper constructed a simulation model of a long distance natural gas pipeline by TG.net, and then analyzed the change of the operating condition of the pipeline after a compressor station shut down, found out the regularity.

A Pragmatic Approach to Sizing and Selection of Pipeline Systems in Concept Design of Deepwater Gas Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akachidike Kanu ◽  
Corina Ruiz Briceño
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Development Cost ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Line Pipe

Deepwater gas pipeline development projects present unique technical challenges. These technical constraints must be considered during concept engineering to minimize total development cost and deliverability risk and effectively support early stage investment decisions. Export gas pipeline system is an important part of a deepwater gas development project and makes up a significant part of total cost of field development, given the necessity to effectively export produced gas from remote offshore location to shore. Large volume flow, long distance transport, and water depth constitute extreme operating conditions that tend to push the limits on equipment design specification and project cost. Optimal design of the pipeline system requires identifying a set of line pipe sizing and selection parameters that gives the minimum cost of both the subsea and topsides components of the fluid transport system. This paper presents an analytical study of concept design of a deep offshore gas development project involving large volume long distance product pipeline to shore. Sensitivity analysis of variation of sets of sizing parameters with development cost estimate, given the specified operating system constraints, are conducted and presented.

Compressor Issues for Hydrogen Production and Transmission Through a Long Distance Pipeline Network

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Starr ◽  
Calin-Cristian Cormos ◽  
Evangelos Tzimas ◽  
Stathis Peteves
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Plant Exit

A hydrogen energy system will require the production of hydrogen from coal-based gasification plants and its transmission through long distance pipelines at 70 � 100 bar. To overcome some problems of current gasifiers, which are limited in pressure capability, two options are explored, in-plant compression of the syngas and compression of the hydrogen at the plant exit. It is shown that whereas in-plant compression using centrifugal machines is practical, this is not a solution when compressing hydrogen at the plant exit. This is because of the low molecular weight of the hydrogen. It is also shown that if centrifugal compressors are to be used in a pipeline system, pressure drops will need to be restricted as even an advanced two-stage centrifugal compressor will be limited to a pressure ratio of 1.2. High strength steels are suitable for the in-plant compressor, but aluminium alloy will be required for a hydrogen pipeline compressor.

Gas pipeline leakage detection in the presence of parameter uncertainty using robust extended Kalman filter

2021 ◽  
pp. 014233122198911
Author(s):  
Mohadese Jahanian ◽  
Amin Ramezani ◽  
Ali Moarefianpour ◽  
Mahdi Aliari Shouredeli
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Parameter Uncertainty ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Parameter Uncertainties ◽  
Simulation Results

One of the most significant systems that can be expressed by partial differential equations (PDEs) is the transmission pipeline system. To avoid the accidents that originated from oil and gas pipeline leakage, the exact location and quantity of leakage are required to be recognized. The designed goal is a leakage diagnosis based on the system model and the use of real data provided by transmission line systems. Nonlinear equations of the system have been extracted employing continuity and momentum equations. In this paper, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to detect and locate the leakage and to attenuate the negative effects of measurement and process noises. Besides, a robust extended Kalman filter (REKF) is applied to compensate for the effect of parameter uncertainty. The quantity and the location of the occurred leakage are estimated along the pipeline. Simulation results show that REKF has better estimations of the leak and its location as compared with that of EKF. This filter is robust against process noise, measurement noise, parameter uncertainties, and guarantees a higher limit for the covariance of state estimation error as well. It is remarkable that simulation results are evaluated by OLGA software.

High Consequence Areas (HCAs) Assessment for Long-Distance Oil/Gas Pipeline

ICPTT 2011 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlin Ma ◽  
Liqiong Chen ◽  
PengpPh.D. Zhang ◽  
Sizhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Oil Gas
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