A Study on the Fracture Toughness at Different Locations of SMAW Welded Joint of Primary Coolant Piping

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Yu ◽  
Minyu Fan ◽  
Jinhua Shi ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Mingya Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Primary Coolant ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Initial Fracture ◽  
Stretch Zone Width

Two primary coolant pipes were narrow-gap multipass circumferentially butt welded by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) method and then subjected to micro-hardness tests to distinguish the base metal (BM), heat affected zones (HAZs), fusion zones (FZs) and weld metal (WM). Subsequently, uniaxial tensile tests were performed to investigate the tensile properties on each area in SMAW welded joints. The fracture toughness has been investigated at the above four different locations of the SMAW welded joints. Then the 0.2mm offset line method and the stretch zone width method have been both employed to determine the critical initial fracture toughness Ji. The results indicate that the fusion zones (FZs) have the worst fracture toughness compared with other locations over weld joints.

The Spherical Indentation Approach for Fracture Toughness Evaluation: A Study Based on the Energy Release Rate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tairui Zhang ◽  
Weiqiang Wang ◽  
Aiju Li
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Energy Release Rate ◽  
Energy Release ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Spherical Indentation ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Fracture Tests

In this study, we investigated the drawbacks of previous studies regarding the evaluation of fracture toughness from spherical indentation tests (SITs). This was achieved by an examination of the material damage mechanism during indentation tests, uniaxial tensile tests, and Mode I/II fracture tests. A new approach based on the energy release rate was proposed in this study to evaluate the fracture toughness of ductile metals. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations revealed that the mechanism for material damage during an indentation test was different with the material damage in uniaxial tensile tests and Mode I fracture tests, but similar to that in Mode II fracture tests. Thus, the energy release rate during SITs should be correlated with JIIC. Compared with previous studies, this new proposed method was more consistent with the actual damage mechanism and did not rely on the specific critical damage values. Experiments on SA508, SA533, 15CrMoR, and S30408 revealed that the maximum error from this energy release rate-based approach was no more than 13% when compared with their conventional counterparts (compact tension tests), and thus can meet the precision requirement of engineering applications.

scholarly journals Determination of Strain and Stress Fields in Welded Joints of S960-QC Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 2081-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pała ◽  
I. Dzioba
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Computational Part

Abstract The paper presents the results of two butt welded joints by conventional method. The welding process was performed using a variety of linear welding energy. The studies included experimental and computational part. In experimental studies determined the distribution of hardness and mechanical properties of the individual analyzed sections of welded joints. The data obtained were intended to determine the extent of zones in the welded joints that have certain strength characteristics. Also conducted uniaxial tensile tests of welded joints with the registration of displacement fields on the surface of specimens by means of Aramis video-system what the final result are images of strain fields map on the surface of welded joints. The resulting strain values were compared with the results of numerical computations FEM.

Fracture Mechanics of Conventional and Narrow Groove Pulse Current Gas Metal Arc Welds of HSLA Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Ravi Ranjan Kumar ◽  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

Mechanical and fracture properties of 20MnMoNi55 grade high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel welds have been studied. The weld joints were made using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Pulse Gas Metal Arc Welding (P-GMAW) methods on conventional V-groove (V-Groove) and Narrow groove (NG-13). The base metal and weld metal were characterised in terms of their metallurgical, mechanical and fracture toughness properties by following ASTM procedures. The J-Integral fracture test was carried out using compact tension C(T) specimen for base and weld metal. The fracture toughness and tensile properties of welds have been correlated with microstructure. In conventional V-groove welds prepared by P-GMAW shows the improvement in initiation fracture toughness (JIC) as compared to the weld prepared by SMAW. Similar improvements in tensile properties have also been observed. This is attributed to reduction in co-axial dendrite content due to lower heat input during P-GMAW process as compared to SMAW. In the narrow groove P-GMA weld prepared at f value of 0.15 has shown relative improvement of JIC as compared to that of the weld prepared by SMAW process.

scholarly journals Study for Performance Increase of a Extractor Device by Steel Replacement of AISI 304 Steel for AISI 420 Steel

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Francisco Alves de Lima Júnior ◽  
Ricardo Artur Sanguinetti Ferreira ◽  
Rômulo Rocha de Araújo Lima
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Aisi 420 ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Steel Aisi

The performance of an extractor device used in the food industry was studied from the development of structural analysis through computational modeling based on finite elements. These analyses considered the mechanical properties of AISI 304 and 420 stainless steels, in addition to the tribological aspects of the device in operation. Initially, uniaxial tensile tests were carried out according to the ABNT NBR 6892 standard and hardness tests were carried out according to ASTM E384, E92, and E18 standards. From the mechanical tests, structural analyses were carried out numerically on each of the components of the extractor device. After analyzing all the components, the device was assembled to be tested in operation. The wear and service life of devices made from these two materials were evaluated. From this study, it could be concluded that the extractor device made with AISI 420 stainless steel, in addition to having a lower manufacturing cost, suffered less wear and had an increase in service life of up to 650% compared to the extractor device made with steel stainless steel AISI 304.

scholarly journals Shielded Metal Arc and Thermite Welding Effect to Residual Stress, Hardness and Crack of R54-Rail Weld Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurianto ◽  
Gunawan Dwi Haryadi ◽  
Sri Nugroho ◽  
Sulardjaka ◽  
Susilo Adi Widayanto
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Crack Susceptibility

The heating and cooling at the end of the welding process can cause residual stresses that are permanent and remain in the welded joint. This study aims to evaluate the magnitude and direction of residual stresses on the base metal and heat-affected zone of rail joints welded by the manual shielded metal arc and thermite welding. This research supports the feasibility of welding for rail. The material used in this study is the R-54 rail type, and the procedure used two rail samples of one meter long each, welded using manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding. The base metal and heat-affected zone of the welded joints were scanned with neutron ray diffraction. The scan produces a spectrum pattern and reveals the direction of the residual stress along with it. We found the strain value contained in both types of welded joints by looking at the microstrain values, which we obtained using the Bragg equation. The results show that the magnitude and direction of the residual stress produced by manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding are not the same. Thermite welding produces lower residual stress (lower crack susceptibility) than manual shielded metal arc welding. The melt's freezing starts from the edge to the center of the weld to create random residual stresses. The residual stress results of both the manual shielded metal arc welding and thermite welding are still below the yield strength of the base metal.

Application of Multiple Methods of NDT for the Evaluation of Welded Joints in a Steel Bridge ASTM-A-588

2019 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Héctor C. Terán ◽  
Oscar Arteaga ◽  
F.S. Alcocer ◽  
Richard R. Navas ◽  
Stalin P. Mena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Final State ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
Non Destructive

This work is based on making a comparison of different inspection methods of non-destructive testing (NDT), to detect porosity, bite, undercut, splash, overlap, slag, concavity, lack of fusion and damage to base material, in welds of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and flux-cored arc welding (FCAW), made on a steel bridge ASTM-A-588. The main application of non-destructive tests is to evaluate the final state of a welded joint in critical points, in addition the fundamental objective is to ensure that the established acceptance and rejection criteria are met rigorously. For which non-destructive techniques are analyzed, such as the visual testing of welding on the beams of a bridge of length 35000 mm, subsequently, tests of inspection by liquid penetrant were used, based on the AWS D1.5 standard to confirm the failures in welded joints in ABA webs, an ultrasonic is also carried out using an SIUI CTS 602 equipment, finally to issue an acceptance and rejection criterion as determined by ASTM E165 and ASTM E2544-09.

ANALISA KEKUATAN MEKANIS SAMBUNGAN LAS KAMPUH V TUNGGAL DAN V GANDA PADA BAJA KARBON RENDAH DENGAN PROSES PENGELASAN SMAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Aminur Aminur ◽  
Sarwo Pranoto ◽  
Prinob Aksar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

Welding is one of the methods widely used in the joining of metals for structural elements. One of the factors that influence the strength of welded metals is types of welding joints. Suitability of the type of welding joint with geometries of base metals is required to obtain welded metal products with optimum properties. In this study an attempt is made to investigate mechanical properties of welded metals with two different types of joints (single-V and double-V) using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Low carbon steel with bevel angle of 60° was used in this study. Welding process was performed using current of 70 A with a constant welding speed. The flexural properties and uniaxial tensile properties are studied by three-point bending test and uniaxial tensile test respectively. Test results show that the tensile strength and the bending strength of single-V specimens is 521.64 N/mm2 and 525.11 N/mm2 respectively. In addition, the tensile strength and the bending strength of double-V specimens is 517.33 N/mm2 and  504.24 N/mm2 respectively

scholarly journals The Influence of the Welding Process on the Ultrasonic Inspection of 9%Ni Steel Pipe Circumferential Welded Joints

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
João da Cruz Payão Filho ◽  
Elisa Kimus Dias Passos ◽  
Rodrigo Stohler Gonzaga ◽  
Daniel Drumond Santos ◽  
Vinicius Pereira Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Ultrasonic Inspection ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Metal Arc Welding

This work aims to compare the ultrasonic inspection of 9%Ni steel joints welded with the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process. These are the two most widely used processes used to weld pipes for CO2 injection units for floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) in the Brazilian oil and gas industry. The SMAW equipment is simple and portable, which is convenient for the FPSO; however, the GMAW process has the advantage of welding with high productivity. In this study we performed a numerical simulation using the software CIVA, 11th version, to analyze the behavior of ultrasonic longitudinal wave beams through GMAW and SMAW dissimilar weld joints. Ultrasonic tests were performed on calibration blocks drawn from both welded joints to evaluate the simulation results. The results are discussed with regard to the microstructure of the weld metal via electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses. The SMAW process presented better inspection performance than the GMAW process in terms of attenuation and dispersion effects. Although the SMAW had a better outcome, for both processes the configuration of 16 active elements and a scanning angle of 48° resulted in an optimized inspection of the entire joint.

scholarly journals Effect of PWHT Temperature and Time on Hardness and Microstructure of 410NiMo Weld Metal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uğur Özdemir ◽  
Selçuk Keskinkılıç ◽  
Filiz K. Acar ◽  
Fikret Kabakci ◽  
Mustafa Acarer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Weld Metal ◽  
Hydraulic Turbine ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Weld Metals ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Weld Heat

ASTM A743 CA6NM alloy is a martensitic stainless steel typically used in energy industry -runners and hydraulic turbine components- due to its superior toughness, yield and fatigue properties. In both the manufacturing, shielded metal arc welding is applied to join for this grade steels. However, weldability of the steels is limited due to formation of hard and brittle phases such as untempered martensite during welding and post weld heat treatment processes. The formation causes a reduction in toughness. In this study, influence of post-weld heat treatment procedure (single tempering and double tempering) and parameters on microstructure and hardness of AWS410NiMo all weld metal. Hardness tests were conducted from weld metal. Microstructures of the all weld metals subjected to different heat treatment process were characterized.

Influence of Heat Input on Grain Size in the Structure of 316LN Stainless Steel Welded Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 834-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chan Li ◽  
Can Liang ◽  
Dong Dong Wang ◽  
Yong Quan Li ◽  
Quan Duan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Shielded Metal Arc Welding ◽  
316Ln Stainless Steel ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Δ Ferrite

316LN stainless steel is a material with excellent mechanical properties, good resistance to intergranular corrosion and good weldability, and it has been used in many fields of industry. Welding quality has great influence on the strength and corrosion resistance of weldment. In this study, one group of submerged arc welding and three groups of shielded metal arc welding were taken to study the influence of heat input on grain size in the structure of 316LN welded joints. The results show that the microstructures of the weld zones in experiment were all consist of austenite and a small amount of banding or dendritic δ-ferrite and the amount of ferrite decrease with the increase of heat input. It also can be concluded from the experiment that with the increase of welding heat input the grain size of overheated zone decrease.

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