Plasmon-resonant gold nanoparticles with variable morphology as optical labels and drug carriers for cytological research

Gold nanoparticles are considered the newest drug carriers for different diseases. Therefore it is appropriate continuous optimization of their preparation. In this study, gold colloids with an average size of 1 - 26 nm were obtained by the reduction of tetrachloroauric acid with trisodium citrate. The nanomaterials were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering technique. In addition, zeta potential was measured for samples synthesized in order to determine the stability of the colloids. A Two-level Full Factorial design was chosen to determine the optimum set of process parameters (chloroauric acid concentration and sodium citrate concentration) and their effect on various gold nanoparticles characteristics (size and zeta potential). These effects were quantified using Design of Experiments (DoE) with 5 runs and 1 centerpoint. The selected objective and process model in this investigation are screening and interaction. Findings from this research show that to obtain particles larger than 35 nm, it is recommended to increase sodium citrate concentration, at low chloroauric acid values. These conditions will help to achieve smaller zeta potential, too.

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Epigallocatechin Gallate-Gold Nanoparticles Exhibit Superior Antitumor Activity Compared to Conventional Gold Nanoparticles: Potential Synergistic Interactions

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9030396 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 396 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Suhash Chavva ◽

Sachin Deshmukh ◽

Rajashekhar Kanchanapally ◽

Nikhil Tyagi ◽

Jason Coym ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Antitumor Activity ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Tetrazolium Salt ◽

Uptake Studies

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) possesses significant antitumor activity and binds to laminin receptors, overexpressed on cancer cells, with high affinity. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) serve as excellent drug carriers and protect the conjugated drug from enzymatic metabolization. Citrate-gold nanoparticles (C-GNPs) and EGCG-gold nanoparticles (E-GNPs) were synthesized by reduction methods and characterized with UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cytotoxicity of citrate, EGCG, C-GNPs, and E-GNPs was evaluated by the water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay. Nanoparticle cellular uptake studies were performed by TEM and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Dialysis method was employed to assess drug release. Cell viability studies showed greater growth inhibition by E-GNPs compared to EGCG or C-GNPs. Cellular uptake studies revealed that, unlike C-GNPs, E-GNPs were taken up more efficiently by cancerous cells than noncancerous cells. We found that E-GNP nanoformulation releases EGCG in a sustained fashion. Furthermore, data showed that E-GNPs induced more apoptosis in cancer cells compared to EGCG and C-GNPs. From the mechanistic standpoint, we observed that E-GNPs inhibited the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) with greater potency than EGCG, whereas C-GNPs were only minimally effective. Altogether, our data suggest that E-GNPs can serve as potent tumor-selective chemotoxic agents.

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Peptide modified gold nanoparticles for improved cellular uptake, nuclear transport, and intracellular retention

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c4nr02535k ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (20) ◽

pp. 12026-12033 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

C. Yang ◽

J. Uertz ◽

D. Yohan ◽

B. D. Chithrani

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Radiation Dose ◽

Hyperspectral Imaging ◽

Anticancer Drug ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Imaging Technique ◽

Cancer Therapeutics ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Nuclear Targeting ◽

First Time

A novel hyperspectral imaging technique is used to image GNPs: a combination of three peptides is used for efficient nuclear targeting and improved retention of GNPs targeted into the nucleus is shown for the first time. This is important for future cancer therapeutics as GNPs can be used as radiation dose enhancers and anticancer drug carriers.

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Photoregulation of Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized in a Diacetylenic Nanocapsule

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2017/2539520 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Saowalak Somjid ◽

Apiwat Chompoosor ◽

Somdej Kanokmedhakul ◽

Saowapak Teerasong

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Uv Irradiation ◽

Irradiation Time ◽

Spherical Shape ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Hydrophobic Core ◽

Triggered Release ◽

Hydrophobic Molecule ◽

Positively Charged Gold Nanoparticle

The results of releasing a drug in a burst are unpredictable and one of the inherent drawbacks of using nanocarriers. Here, photoresponsive cationic gold nanoparticles to stabilize diacetylenic nanocapsules enabling photoregulated release of payloads are reported. The fabrication of these nanocapsules relied on an electrostatic interaction of a negatively charged diacetylenic core and a positively charged gold nanoparticle shell. Gold nanoparticles with photoresponsive ligands on their surfaces act as both hydrophobic core stabilizers and gatekeepers of the nanocapsules, while their polydiacetylene cores serve as hydrophobic drug carriers that can be tuned using UV irradiation. The morphology of nanocapsules was analyzed using TEM and dynamic light scattering. The resultant nanocapsules had a spherical shape with an average diameter of 152.9 ± 6.7 nm. Upon UV irradiation, the nanocapsules lost their integrity and an encapsulated model compound was released through diffusion. The release of a hydrophobic molecule was irradiation time dependent and thereby controllable. This light-triggered release provides an alternative strategy for controlled drug delivery.

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Potential use of hybrid iron oxide gold nanoparticles as drug carriers

Nano based drug delivery ◽

10.5599/obp.8.21 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 535-546

Author(s):

Anthony Curtis ◽

Clare Hoskins

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Potential Use

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Nuclear targeting of gold nanoparticles

10.32920/ryerson.14655741.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Celina Yang

Keyword(s):

Cancer Research ◽

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Therapy Response ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Cancer Drug ◽

Nuclear Targeting ◽

The Third ◽

The Past ◽

Anti Cancer

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been extensively used in cancer research due to their abilities as anti-cancer drug carriers for chemotherapy and as dose enhancers in radiotherapy. Although most GNP research in the past involved cytoplasm localized GNPs, it is predicted that therapy response can be enhanced if GNPs can be effectively targeted into the nucleus. A strategy for designing a GNP-peptide complex for targeting the nucleus will be presented. Three different sequences of peptides (CKKKKKKGGAGDMFG, CGGRKKRRGRRRAP, CALNN) were conjugated onto GNPs. The first peptide was used to stabilize the complex, the second peptide to enhance uptake into the cell, while the third peptide was used to induce nuclear delivery. With nuclear targeting, more damage can be caused to the DNP of cancer cells upon irradiation. This research will establish a more successful NP-based platform that combines treatment modalities and more effectively approach cancer treatment.

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Gold nanospheres and nanorods for anti-cancer therapy: comparative studies of fabrication, surface-decoration, and anti-cancer treatments

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/d0nr01690j ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (28) ◽

pp. 14996-15020

Author(s):

Wei Mao ◽

Young Ju Son ◽

Hyuk Sang Yoo

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Cancer Therapeutics ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Gold Nanospheres ◽

Cancer Treatments ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Agents ◽

Irradiation Therapy ◽

Surface Decoration

Various gold nanoparticles have been explored as cancer therapeutics because they can be widely engineered for use as efficient drug carriers and diagnostic agents, and in photo-irradiation therapy.

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Preclinical Evaluation of NHS-Activated Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with Bombesin or Neurotensin-Like Peptides for Targeting Colon and Prostate Tumours

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25153363 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 3363

Author(s):

Livia Elena Chilug ◽

Dana Niculae ◽

Radu Anton Leonte ◽

Alexandrina Nan ◽

Rodica Turcu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Colon Carcinoma ◽

Large Scale ◽

Specific Binding ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Carcinoma Cells ◽

Colon Carcinoma Cells ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Neuromedin N

Recent advances and large-scale use of hybrid imaging modalities like PET-CT have led to the necessity of improving nano-drug carriers that can facilitate both functional and metabolic screening in nuclear medicine applications. In this study, we focused on the evaluation of four potential imaging nanoparticle structures labelled with the 68Ga positron emitter. For this purpose, we functionalized NHS-activated PEG-gold nanoparticles with 68Ga-DOTA-Neuromedin B, 68Ga-DOTA-PEG(4)-BBN(7-14), 68Ga-DOTA-NT and 68Ga-DOTA-Neuromedin N. In vitro binding kinetics and specific binding to human HT-29 colon carcinoma cells and DU-145 prostate carcinoma cells respectively were assessed, over 75% retention being obtained in the case of 68Ga-DOTA-PEG(4)-BBN(7-14)-AuNP in prostate tumour cells and over 50% in colon carcinoma cells. Biodistribution in NU/J mice highlighted a three-fold uptake increase in tumours at 30 min post-injection of 68Ga-DOTA-NT-AuNP and 68Ga-DOTA-PEG(4)-BBN(7-14)-AuNP compared to 68Ga-DOTA-NT and 68Ga-DOTA-PEG(4)-BBN(7-14) respectively, therewith fast distribution in prostate and colon tumours and minimum accumulation in non-targeted tissues.

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