Wheelchair Classification for Track and Field Events: A Performance Approach

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Higgs ◽  
Pamela Babstock ◽  
Joan Buck ◽  
Christine Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Good Discriminator ◽  
Medical Classification ◽  
A Performance

A total of 4,698 performances by 904 athletes from 46 countries were analyzed to answer the following questions: (a) Were there significant differences in performance between athletes in each of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF) medical classifications? (b) To what extent did the classification system yield consistent results across events? (c) To what extent did performance discriminate between athletes in the various classes? (d) What classification systems would the performance data support? The analysis indicated that not all classes differed significantly from all other classes in performance and that there were different patterns of interclass performance between the track events and the throws. Individual athletic performance was shown not to be a good discriminator of medical classification, particularly for paraplegics. The data supported a reduction in the number of classifications from 7 to 3 in track and from 8 to 4 classes in the throws.

An overview of ICD medical classification for the information professional

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
H. Frank Cervone
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Information Professional ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Usa ◽  
International Statistical Classification ◽  
Medical Classification ◽  
Information Professionals

Purpose Informatics work introduces information professionals to taxonomies and other classification systems outside the boundaries of traditional bibliographic systems. This paper aims to provide an overview of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) for informaticians and information professionals who may not have worked with the system previously. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the author reviews the purpose, history, current use and future trends of the ICD classification system. Findings ICD is used globally as a standard vocabulary for medical diagnoses and, in the USA, for medical procedures in hospitals. Understanding the classification system is vital to working with clinical medical data. Originality/value The ICD classification system is not commonly used by information professionals. This paper provides a brief overview that will familiarize the information professional with the standard and its uses related to medical practice.

scholarly journals Toward the Development of a Comprehensive Clinically Oriented Patient Profile: A Systematic Review of the Purpose, Characteristic, and Methodological Quality of Classification Systems of Adult Spinal Deformity

Neurosurgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Yat Hong Kwan ◽  
J Naresh-Babu ◽  
Wilco Jacobs ◽  
Marinus de Kleuver ◽  
David W Polly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Adult Spinal Deformity ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Patient Profile

Abstract BACKGROUND Existing adult spinal deformity (ASD) classification systems are based on radiological parameters but management of ASD patients requires a holistic approach. A comprehensive clinically oriented patient profile and classification of ASD that can guide decision-making and correlate with patient outcomes is lacking. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review to determine the purpose, characteristic, and methodological quality of classification systems currently used in ASD. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science for literature published between January 2000 and October 2018. From the included studies, list of classification systems, their methodological measurement properties, and correlation with treatment outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Out of 4470 screened references, 163 were included, and 54 different classification systems for ASD were identified. The most commonly used was the Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab classification system. A total of 35 classifications were based on radiological parameters, and no correlation was found between any classification system levels with patient-related outcomes. Limited evidence of limited quality was available on methodological quality of the classification systems. For studies that reported the data, intraobserver and interobserver reliability were good (kappa = 0.8). CONCLUSION This systematic literature search revealed that current classification systems in clinical use neither include a comprehensive set of dimensions relevant to decision-making nor did they correlate with outcomes. A classification system comprising a core set of patient-related, radiological, and etiological characteristics relevant to the management of ASD is needed.

Computerized Cone Penetration Test for Soil Classification

2008 ◽  
Vol 2053 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murad Y. Abu-Farsakh ◽  
Zhongjie Zhang ◽  
Mehmet Tumay ◽  
Mark Morvant
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Fuzzy Classification ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Cone Tip Resistance ◽  
Tip Resistance

Computerized MS-Windows Visual Basic software of a cone penetration test (CPT) for soil classification was developed as part of an extensive effort to facilitate the implementation of CPT technology in many geotechnical engineering applications. Five CPT soil engineering classification systems were implemented as a handy, user-friendly, software tool for geotechnical engineers. In the probabilistic region estimation and fuzzy classification methods, a conformal transformation is first applied to determine the profile of soil classification index (U) with depth from cone tip resistance (qc) and friction ratio (Rf). A statistical correlation was established in the probabilistic region estimation method between the U index and the compositional soil type given by the Unified Soil Classification System. Conversely, the CPT fuzzy classification emphasizes the certainty of soil behavior. The Schmertmann and Douglas and Olsen methods provide soil classification charts based on cone tip resistance and friction ratio. However, Robertson et al. proposed a three-dimensional classification system that is presented in two charts: one chart uses corrected tip resistance (qt) and friction ratio (Rf); the other chart uses qt and pore pressure parameter (Bq) as input data. Five sites in Louisiana were selected for this study. For each site, CPT tests and the corresponding soil boring results were correlated. The soil classification results obtained using the five different CPT soil classification methods were compared.

Yoruba Disease Classifications for Planning in Health Care

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Brieger ◽  
Jayashree Ramakrishna ◽  
Joshua D. Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
General Point ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Illness And Disease ◽  
Point Of Departure

An understanding of local concepts of illness and disease that underlie disease classification systems is essential for designing culturally relevant training programs in primary health care. Prior to training personnel in primary health care in Idere, Nigeria, residents were interviewed revealing that two main groups of disease exist. Generally, arun is serious, chronic and contagious, while aisan represents temporary indispositions. When given seventeen conditions to classify, respondents clearly demarked five as arun and five as aisan while the remainder fell in a grey area in between. Ironically, malaria which is a dangerous disease to young children, was classified as aisan. The disease classification system is being used as a general point of departure for discussion during training. Concerning training on the specific diseases, appropriate ideas are reinforced while others are modified all within the context of the local classification system.

Hamstring rehabilitation in elite track and field athletes: applying the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification in clinical practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 1464-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Macdonald ◽  
Stephen McAleer ◽  
Shane Kelly ◽  
Robin Chakraverty ◽  
Michael Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Hamstring Injury ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Injury Rehabilitation ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Elite Sports ◽  
Injury Classification

RationaleHamstring injuries are common in elite sports. Muscle injury classification systems aim to provide a framework for diagnosis. The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC) describes an MRI classification system with clearly defined, anatomically focused classes based on the site of injury: (a) myofascial, (b) muscle–tendon junction or (c) intratendinous; and the extent of the injury, graded from 0 to 4. However, there are no clinical guidelines that link the specific diagnosis (as above) with a focused rehabilitation plan.ObjectiveWe present an overview of the general principles of, and rationale for, exercise-based hamstring injury rehabilitation in British Athletics. We describe how British Athletics clinicians use the BAMIC to help manage elite track and field athletes with hamstring injury. Within each class of injury, we discuss four topics: clinical presentation, healing physiology, how we prescribe and progress rehabilitation and how we make the shared decision to return to full training. We recommend a structured and targeted diagnostic and rehabilitation approach to improve outcomes after hamstring injury.

scholarly journals Do audiological classification systems cause more confusion than clarity?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Patient Access ◽  
Access To Services

The lack of a single classification system is clearly problematic, not least because it renders intervention studies difficult to interpret and has implications for patient access to services.

Evolution of Hotel Classification System in Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aleksandrovich KOZLOV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Classification System ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Tourism Organization

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the approaches to the system of classification of accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation. The United Nations World Tourism Organization pays great attention to the unification of classification systems for accommodation facilities in all countries of the world, issuing appropriate recommendations on tourism statistics systems, classification of economic activities, as well as criteria for interregional harmonization. In the Russian Federation, there are a number of laws, regulations, state standards, building and sanitary norms and rules concerning the classification of accommodation facilities. They are so imperfect that they have to be revised almost annually or even several times a year. The general statistics of accommodation facilities currently do not correspond to world recommendations. The classification system needs to be revised and brought into line with international standards as much as possible.

Abstract WP260: The Left Atrial Appendage Morphology Improves Prediction of Appendage Stagnant Flow and Stroke Risk in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Using a Simple Classification System

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Yaghi ◽  
Andrew Chang ◽  
Gian Ignacio ◽  
Erica Scher ◽  
Nikhil Panda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Appendage ◽  
Current System ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Simple Classification

Background and Purpose: Previously we proposed a simple classification system of the left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology, with low risk (LAA-L) defined as one lobe with an acute angle bend arising from the proximal or middle portion and high risk (LAA-H) defined as all other morphologies. We aim to determine the association between LAA morphology (using both classification systems), LAA flow velocity, and stroke rates. Methods: We analyzed consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) selected for ablation who underwent cardiac CT angiography and transesophageal echocardiogram. The primary correlates were LAA-H and non-chicken wing (NCW) LAA morphology. The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of history of ischemic stroke/TIA or non-lacunar infarct on neuroimaging. Adjusting for CHADS2Vasc score, multivariable models were used to determine associations between LAA morphology and composite outcomes. Results: We identified 379 patients; the primary endpoint occurred in 32/379 patients (8.4%). LAA-H (adjusted OR 3.63, 95% CI 1.44-9.14) and NCW LAA morphology (adjusted OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.15-5.53) were associated with the primary endpoint. LAA flow velocity ≤20 cm/s was more common in LAA-H vs. LAA-L (9.6% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.019), but not in NCW vs. CW LAA morphology (9.7% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.054). Conclusion: The LAA H/L morphological classification system may be superior to the current system in risk stratifying patients with AF and correlates better with impaired LAA flow dynamics.

Ceramic Organization in the Spanish Atlantic (COSA)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Ness
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Spanish Atlantic

“Ceramic Organization in the Spanish Atlantic (COSA)” presents the vessel-based classification system for Spanish ceramics, Ceramic Organization in the Spanish Atlantic (COSA) that was developed for this study. Using a combination of texts and archaeological evidence, the chapter describes twenty-five vessel forms commonly referenced in early modern texts and found in contemporary Spanish and Spanish-American houses. These descriptions are accompanied by line drawings depicting the images so as to make the system useful for other scholars working on similar sites. In addition to COSA, this chapter discusses the discrepancies between Spanish and American ceramic classification systems and the benefits of using a vessel-based system that offers an emic (user-ascribed) perspective and provides insights into the uses and purposes of archaeologically recovered artifacts.

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