Enhanced External Counterpulsation and Short-Term Recovery From High-Intensity Interval Training

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1100-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Guillermo Sánchez-Martínez ◽  
Elaia Torrontegi ◽  
Zigor Montalvo ◽  
Alejandro Lucia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
External Counterpulsation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Enhanced External Counterpulsation

Purpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a recovery strategy whose use has increased in recent years owing to the benefits observed in the clinical setting in some cardiovascular diseases (ie, improvement of cardiovascular function). However, its claimed effectiveness for the enhancement of exercise recovery has not been analyzed in athletes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of EECP on short-term recovery after a fatiguing exercise bout. Methods: Twelve elite junior triathletes (16 [2] y) participated in this crossover counterbalanced study. After a high-intensity interval training session (6 bouts of 3-min duration at maximal intensity interspersed with 3-min rest periods), participants were assigned to recover during 30 min with EECP (80 mm Hg) or sham (0 mm Hg). Measures of recovery included performance (jump height and mean power during an 8-min time trial), metabolic (blood lactate concentration at several time points), autonomic (heart-rate variability at several time points), and subjective (rating of perceived exertion [RPE] and readiness to compete) outcomes. Results: There were no differences between EECP and sham in mean RPE or power output during the high-intensity interval training session, which elicited a significant performance impairment, vagal withdrawal, and increased blood lactate and RPE in both EECP and sham conditions (all P < .05). No significant differences were found in performance, metabolic, or subjective outcomes between conditions at any time point. A significantly lower high-frequency power (P < .05, effect size = 1.06), a marker of parasympathetic activity, was observed with EECP at the end of the recovery phase. Conclusion: EECP did not enhance short-term recovery after a high-intensity interval training session in healthy, highly trained individuals.

Effect of Repeated Active Recovery During a High-Intensity Interval-Training Shock Microcycle on Markers of Fatigue

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Christian Raeder ◽  
Tim Meyer ◽  
Michael Kellmann ◽  
Mark Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
International Ranking ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Recovery Act

Purpose:To investigate the effect of repeated use of active recovery during a 4-d shock microcycle with 7 high-intensity interval-training (HIT) sessions on markers of fatigue. Methods:Eight elite male junior tennis players (age 15.1 ± 1.4 y) with an international ranking between 59 and 907 (International Tennis Federation) participated in this study. After each training session, they completed 15 min of either moderate jogging (active recovery [ACT]) or passive recovery (PAS) with a crossover design, which was interrupted by a 4-mo washout period. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, serum concentration of creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and perceived recovery and stress (Short Recovery and Stress Scale) were measured 24 h before and 24 h after the training program. Results:The HIT shock microcycle induced a large decrease in CMJ performance (ACT: effect size [ES] = –1.39, P < .05; PAS: ES = –1.42, P < .05) and perceived recovery (ACT: ES = –1.79, P < .05; PAS: ES = –2.39, P < .05), as well as a moderate to large increase in CK levels (ACT: ES = 0.76, P > .05; PAS: ES = 0.81, P >.05), DOMS (ACT: ES = 2.02, P < .05; PAS: ES = 2.17, P < .05), and perceived stress (ACT: ES = 1.98, P < .05; PAS: ES = 3.06, P < .05), compared with the values before the intervention. However, no significant recovery intervention × time interactions or meaningful differences in changes were noted in any of the markers between ACT and PAS. Conclusions:Repeated use of individualized ACT, consisting of 15 min of moderate jogging, after finishing each training session during an HIT shock microcycle did not affect exercise-induced fatigue.

Short-term High-intensity Interval Training and The Physiological Stress Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 905-906
Author(s):  
Michael J. Ormsbee ◽  
Amber W. Kinsey ◽  
Minwook Chong ◽  
Heather S. Friedman ◽  
Tonya Dodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Physiological Stress Response ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Short-Term High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Blood Glucose in Overweight and Obese Young Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaowei Kong ◽  
Shengyan Sun ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Qingde Shi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Young Women ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study was to determine the effects of five-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, blood glucose, and relevant systemic hormones when compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in overweight and obese young women.Methods. Eighteen subjects completed 20 sessions of HIIT or MICT for five weeks. HIIT involved 60 × 8 s cycling at ~90% of peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) interspersed with 12 s recovery, whereas MICT involved 40-minute continuous cycling at 65% ofV˙O2peak.V˙O2peak, body composition, blood glucose, and fasting serum hormones, including leptin, growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol, and fibroblast growth factor 21, were measured before and after training.Results. Both exercise groups achieved significant improvements inV˙O2peak(+7.9% in HIIT versus +11.7% in MICT) and peak power output (+13.8% in HIIT versus +21.9% in MICT) despite no training effects on body composition or the relevant systemic hormones. Blood glucose tended to be decreased after the intervention (p=0.062). The rating of perceived exertion in MICT was higher than that in HIIT (p=0.042).Conclusion. Compared with MICT, short-term HIIT is more time-efficient and is perceived as being easier for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and fasting blood glucose for overweight and obese young women.

scholarly journals Impairment of Cycling Capacity in the Heat in Well-Trained Endurance Athletes After High-Intensity Short-Term Heat Acclimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1058-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reeve ◽  
Ralph Gordon ◽  
Paul B. Laursen ◽  
Jason K.W. Lee ◽  
Christopher J. Tyler
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Heat Acclimation ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Perceived Strain

Purpose: To investigate the effects of short-term, high-intensity interval-training (HIIT) heat acclimation (HA). Methods: Male cyclists/triathletes were assigned into either an HA (n = 13) or a comparison (COMP, n = 10) group. HA completed 3 cycling heat stress tests (HSTs) to exhaustion (60% Wmax; HST1, pre-HA; HST2, post-HA; HST3, 7 d post-HA). HA consisted of 30-min bouts of HIIT cycling (6 min at 50% Wmax, then 12 × 1-min 100%-Wmax bouts with 1-min rests between bouts) on 5 consecutive days. COMP completed HST1 and HST2 only. HST and HA trials were conducted in 35°C/50% relative humidity. Cycling capacity and physiological and perceptual data were recorded. Results: Cycling capacity was impaired after HIIT HA (77.2 [34.2] min vs 56.2 [24.4] min, P = .03) and did not return to baseline after 7 d of no HA (59.2 [37.4] min). Capacity in HST1 and HST2 was similar in COMP (43.5 [8.3] min vs 46.8 [15.7] min, P = .54). HIIT HA lowered resting rectal (37.0°C [0.3°C] vs 36.8°C [0.2°C], P = .05) and body temperature (36.0°C [0.3°C] vs 35.8°C [0.3°C], P = .03) in HST2 compared with HST1 and lowered mean skin temperature (35.4°C [0.5°C] vs 35.1°C [0.3°C], P = .02) and perceived strain on day 5 compared with day 1 of HA. All other data were unaffected. Conclusions: Cycling capacity was impaired in the heat after 5 d of consecutive HIIT HA despite some heat adaptation. Based on data, this approach is not recommended for athletes preparing to compete in the heat; however, it is possible that it may be beneficial if a state of overreaching is avoided.

scholarly journals Blood Lactate Concentration Is Not Related to the Increase in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Induced by High Intensity Interval Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd A. Astorino ◽  
Jamie L. DeRevere ◽  
Theodore Anderson ◽  
Erin Kellogg ◽  
Patrick Holstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: There is individual responsiveness to exercise training as not all individuals experience increases in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), which does not benefit health status considering the association between VO2max and mortality. Approximately 50% of the training response is genetic, with the other 50% accounted for by variations in dietary intake, sleep, recovery, and the metabolic stress of training. This study examined if the blood lactate (BLa) response to high intensity interval training (HIIT) as well as habitual dietary intake and sleep duration are associated with the resultant change in VO2max (ΔVO2max). Methods: Fourteen individuals (age and VO2max = 27 ± 8 years and 38 ± 4 mL/kg/min, respectively) performed nine sessions of HIIT at 130% ventilatory threshold. BLa was measured during the first and last session of training. In addition, sleep duration and energy intake were assessed. Results: Data showed that VO2max increased with HIIT (p = 0.007). No associations occurred between ΔVO2max and BLa (r = 0.44, p = 0.10), energy intake (r = 0.38, p = 0.18), or sleep duration (r = 0.14, p = 0.62). However, there was a significant association between training heart rate (HR) and ΔVO2max (r = 0.62, p = 0.02). Conclusions: When HIIT is prescribed according to a metabolic threshold, energy intake, sleep status, and BLa do not predict ΔVO2max, yet the HR response to training is associated with the ΔVO2max.

High-Intensity Interval Training for Improvement of Overhand Throwing Velocity

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan E. Maddigan ◽  
David G. Behm ◽  
Glen R. Belfry
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Overhand Throwing ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Experimental Group

Context:High intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve muscle power and endurance, as well as aerobic power.Objective:To assess the effects of HIIT that utilizes resistive elastic bands to improve overhand throwing velocity.Participants:Healthy female volunteers (n = 13) ranging in age from 18–29 years.Interventions:Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group that exercised 3 days per week for 3 weeks. Each training session involved performance of 5 sets of 20 throwing motions against elastic band resistance, which was performed by both extremities.Main Outcome Measures:Maximal oxygen consumption was measured during performance of a graded exercise test that utilized an upper extremity cycle ergometer. A radar gun was used to assess peak throwing velocity and the extent to which throwing velocity was sustained during performance of a 20-throw endurance test.Results:After completing the training, the experimental group exhibited faster peak throwing velocity (61.6 ± 6.6 km/hr to 63.2 ± 8.6 km/hr) and a reduced fatigue index (1.18 ± 0.16 to 1.01 ± 0.02). Training also resulted in a 14% improvement in maximum oxygen consumption (1.40 ± 0.46 L/min to 1.60 ± 0.49 L/ min) and longer time to fatigue (9.99 ± 1.84 min to 11.43 ± 2.29 min).Conclusion:The high-intensity interval training program was effective for improvement of overhand throwing performance.

Short-Term High-Intensity Interval Training Reduces Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetics

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Jonathan P. Little ◽  
Zubin Punthakee ◽  
Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
Martin J. Gibala
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics ◽  
High Intensity Interval
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