Cognitive Function as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Depression Status in Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Birch ◽  
Merritt ten Hope ◽  
Michael Malek-Ahmadi ◽  
Kathy O’Connor ◽  
Sharon Schofield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Adjusted Analysis ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Protective Effect

Previous research has found that increased physical activity may provide a protective effect on depression status; however, these studies do not account for cognitive function. This study’s aim was to determine whether cognitive function mediates the association between physical activity depression status in older adults. Data from 501 older adults were used for this analysis. Physical activity had a significant protective effect on depression (OR = 0.761, 95% CI [0.65, 0.89], p = .001). Adjusted analysis yielded an attenuated association (OR = 0.81, 95% CI [0.69, 0.95], p = .01) with a significant interaction for physical activity and cognitive function (OR = 0.991, 95% CI [0.985, 0.997], p = .005). MoCA performance also had a significant mediating effect on the relationship between physical activity and depression status (p = .04). These findings suggest that cognitive function is associated with, and does mediate, the relationship between physical activity and depression status.

scholarly journals Verification of the Mediating Effect of Social Support on Physical Activity and Aging Anxiety of Korean Pre-Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8069
Author(s):  
Ahra Oh ◽  
Jiyoun Kim ◽  
Eunsurk Yi ◽  
Jongseob Shin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Aging Anxiety ◽  
Activity Questionnaires ◽  
The Relationship

There is a lack of research on Korean prospective elderly persons. In particular, there is little research regarding whether social support has a mediating effect on the relationship between physical activity and aging anxiety. Accordingly, this study investigated how social support affected physical activity and aging anxiety in 778 prospective senior citizens (55 to 65 years old) out of a total of 1447 senior citizens who participated in the Embrain Panel Power and Panel Marketing Interactive. Participants completed the IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaires), Social Support Scale, and Aging Anxiety Scale. Physical activity in these Korean pre-older adults affected aging anxiety (p < 0.001), with a fixed effect of physical activity on social support (p < 0.001). Further, social support affected aging anxiety (p < 0.001). Social support was also an important parameter in the relationship between physical activity and aging anxiety. In conclusion, high physical activity of pre-older Korean persons lowered their anxiety regarding aging. Social support acted as a mediator that lowered anxiety regarding aging in the most active pre-older persons.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Physical Activity, Self-Perceived Health, and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Radka Dostálová ◽  
Chelsea Stillman ◽  
Kirk I. Erickson ◽  
Pavel Slepička ◽  
Jiří Mudrák
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Test System ◽  
The Relationship

There are consistent associations between physical activity and self-perceived health. However, it is not clear whether associations between self-perceived health and participation in physical activity could be accounted for by associations with cognitive function. In the present study, we examined whether associations between physical activity and cognitive functioning could explain the variability between physical activity and self-perceived health. A sample of 204 older adults performed three cognitive tests selected from the Vienna test system battery: The Determination, Cognitrone, and Visual Memory tests. These tests measure general processing speed, attention, and visual memory, respectively. Participants also completed the 12-item Short Form Health Questionnaire SF-12 to measure perceived health, and the Physical Activity Survey for the Elderly to measure physical activity. Linear regressions and the PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to test our hypotheses. Consistent with our hypotheses, processing speed accounted for significant variance in the relationship between physical activity and self-perceived health. This suggests that cognitive processing speed might be an indirect path by which physical activity relates to enhanced health perceptions. The results demonstrate that associations between physical activity and self-perceptions of health are related to a fundamental cognitive process.

scholarly journals Expectations Regarding Aging, Physical Activity, and Physical Function in Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141770235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili I. Breda ◽  
Amber S. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Function Method ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The present study examined how expectations regarding aging (ERA) influence physical activity participation and physical function. Method: We surveyed 148 older adults about their ERA (ERA-38), health-promoting lifestyles (HPLP-II), and self-rated health (RAND-36). We tested the mediating effect of physical activity on the relationships between ERA and physical function. Results: Positive expectations were associated with more engagement in physical activity ( B = 0.016, p < .05) and better physical function ( B = 0.521, p < .01). Physical activity mediated the relationship between ERA and physical function ( B = 5.890, p < .01, indirect effect 0.092, CI = [0.015, 0.239]). Discussion: ERA play an important role in adoption of physically active lifestyles in older adults and may influence health outcomes, such as physical function. Future research should evaluate whether attempts to increase physical activity are more successful when modifications to ERA are also targeted.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY MEDIATES THE EFFECTS OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS ON THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S378-S379
Author(s):  
Yit Mui Khoo ◽  
Hisako Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Evidence suggests that depressive symptoms among older adults were associated with cognitive impairment and affect cognitive decline over time, while physical activity was associated with lower risk of cognitive decline or have positive effect on cognitive function. The purpose of this study is to examine whether physical activity could mediate the effects of depressive symptoms on the cognitive function of older adults. Data from the 2014 Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) of older adults ≥ 60 years (N=9,753) were used. Hierarchical regression was conducted to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms, physical activity, and cognitive function. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether physical activity could mediate the effects of depressive symptoms on cognitive function. Regression results indicated that increased depressive symptoms was associated with poorer cognitive function, while increased moderate and mild physical activity were associated with better cognitive function. Mediation analysis indicated that the direct effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive function was significant. The indirect effect of depressive symptoms on cognitive function mediated by moderate and mild physical activity were also significant. Findings suggest that physical activity could potentially improve the cognitive function of older adults who have depressive symptoms. Moderate and mild physical activity could benefit older adults with depressive symptoms and reduce the risk of cognitive decline. Frail, disabled or chronically ill older adults are less likely to participate in vigorous physical activity, but they could benefit from moderate or mild physical activity and have better cognitive health.

165 Sex differences in the relationship between self-reported sleep quality and frailty in South Florida older adult outpatients

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A67-A67
Author(s):  
Sonya Kaur ◽  
Katalina McInerney ◽  
Mitchell Slugh ◽  
Annelly Bure ◽  
Marina Sarno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Frailty, a multidimensional construct of decreased reserve is an important predictor of functional independence and quality of life in older adults. There is a growing body of evidence highlighting reduced sleep efficiency and sleep duration predicts frailty in older adults. However, the sex differences in these relationships have been understudied. Methods 253 participants (163) ranging in age from 50-92 years (mean= 67.59 years, S.D.= 9.22 years), underwent frailty assessment and completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Statistical moderation was assessed using nonparametric bootstrapping. All models statistically controlled for age, education and depression status. Results Higher scores on the PSQI predicted higher levels of fatigue (β=1.87, 95% CI= 0.48-3.27) and higher grip strength with the left hand (β= 0.81, 95% CI= 0.85-1.53). These relationships were significantly moderated by sex (β=-0.77, p=0.05 & β=-0.52, p=0.01). Specifically, high scores on the PSQI predicted more fatigue stronger grip strength in men (β=1.11, 95% CI=0.41-1.81) and weaker grip strength in women (β=-0.25, 95% CI=-0.51--0.02). There was no association between scores on the ESS and any of the frailty measures. Conclusion The relationships between PSQI scores and measures of fatigue and grip strength were statistically moderated by sex. These differences are not explained by sex differences in overall sleep quality or baseline frailty. This is consistent with the literature emphasizing sex differences in the effects of risk/lifestyle factors. It is possible that the relationship between sleep quality and frailty is altered by additional hormonal factors and warrant further investigation. Support (if any) This research was supported by the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Research Foundation

scholarly journals The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3415
Author(s):  
Hursuong Vongsachang ◽  
Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽  
Jian-Yu E ◽  
David S. Friedman ◽  
Sheila K. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Injurious Fall ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Multivariable Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding periods of the year associated with higher risk for falling and less physical activity may guide fall prevention and activity promotion for older adults. We examined the relationship between weather and seasons on falls and physical activity in a three-year cohort of older adults with glaucoma. Participants recorded falls information via monthly calendars and participated in four one-week accelerometer trials (baseline and per study year). Across 240 participants, there were 406 falls recorded over 7569 person-months, of which 163 were injurious (40%). In separate multivariable regression models incorporating generalized estimating equations, temperature, precipitation, and seasons were not significantly associated with the odds of falling, average daily steps, or average daily active minutes. However, every 10 °C increase in average daily temperature was associated with 24% higher odds of a fall being injurious, as opposed to non-injurious (p = 0.04). The odds of an injurious fall occurring outdoors, as opposed to indoors, were greater with higher average temperatures (OR per 10 °C = 1.46, p = 0.03) and with the summer season (OR = 2.69 vs. winter, p = 0.03). Falls and physical activity should be understood as year-round issues for older adults, although the likelihood of injury and the location of fall-related injuries may change with warmer season and temperatures.

Effect of older adults in the family on the sandwich generation's pursuit of entrepreneurship: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yiwei Liu ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Zhen Cong ◽  
Zhirui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elderly Family

Abstract Household entrepreneurship is a basic unit of entrepreneurial activity, and a crucial aspect of connecting personal and social wellbeing. This study examines the relationship between the proportion of elderly family members and household entrepreneurship. This study also assesses the mediating effect of the middle-aged generation's support to their parents and the moderating effect of the parents’ support with respect to the proportion of elderly family members and entrepreneurship. We use data from the China Family Panel Studies. We adopt the instrumental variable method to deal with endogeneity, robustness and credibility of the estimation results. The results show that a higher proportion of elderly family members impedes household entrepreneurship. Moreover, the financial and instrumental support provided by the middle-aged generation to their parents significantly mediates the relationship between the proportion of elderly family members and household entrepreneurship. In turn, parents’ financial support to the middle-aged generation moderates the focal relationship; however, parents’ instrumental support does not moderate the focal relationship. These findings emphasise the need to develop a comprehensive social security network for older adults that will indirectly promote household entrepreneurship, and improve personal and social wellbeing.

Relationship Between Mental Health, Resilience, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Maria Priscila Wermelinger Ávila ◽  
Jimilly Caputo Corrêa ◽  
Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti ◽  
Giancarlo Lucchetti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate the association between resilience and mental health in older adults and to determine the influence of physical activity on this relationship. A total of 291 older adults were included in a 2-year follow-up study. Adjusted linear regression models evaluated the association between resilience at baseline and mental health after 2 years in sufficiently and insufficiently physically active older adults. A negative correlation was found between resilience at baseline and depression, anxiety, and stress after 2 years for the overall sample. This association changed after stratifying the group. Sufficiently physically active individuals made greater use of the resilience components “Self-Sufficiency” and “Perseverance,” whereas insufficiently physically active individuals made greater use of “Meaning of Life” and “Existential Singularity.” Physical activity can influence the relationship between resilience and mental health. These results can help guide the devising of more effective interventions for this age group.

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