Comparison of Trunk Flexion Proprioception Between Healthy Athletes and Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Reza Heydari Armaki ◽  
Keramatollah Abbasnia ◽  
Alireza Motealleh
Keyword(s):  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trunk Flexion ◽  
Isokinetic Dynamometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eta Squared ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rehabilitation Sciences ◽  
Control Study

Objective: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the most commonly reported musculoskeletal overuse injury in active individuals, such as athletes, and is a multifactorial problem with no definite cause identified to date. Some studies have shown a relationship between impaired core and trunk sensorimotor control and knee disorders, especially PFP. The aim of this study was to evaluate trunk flexion proprioception by comparing the repositioning error between healthy athletes and athletes with PFP. Design: Cross-sectional case–control study. Setting: Rehabilitation sciences research center. Participants: Twenty healthy athletes and 20 athletes with PFP. Main Outcome Measures: To examine proprioception of trunk flexors, the absolute active and passive repositioning error at 30° and 60° trunk flexion were evaluated with isokinetic dynamometry. The results were compared between the two groups. Results: In the PFP group, the active trunk repositioning error at 30° flexion was significantly greater than in the healthy individuals (P < .001). The mean absolute active repositioning error at 30° flexion was 3.04° (1.37°) in the PFP group and 1.50° (0.70°) in the control group. There was no significant difference between groups in the active trunk repositioning error at 60° flexion (P = .066). The mean absolute active repositioning error at 60° flexion was 2.96° (1.26°) in the PFP group and 2.18° (0.99°) in the control group. The passive trunk repositioning error at 30° and 60° flexion was significantly greater in the PFP group (P = .013 and P = .004, respectively). The mean absolute passive repositioning error at 30° and 60° flexion in the PFP group was 2.94° (0.80°) and 3.13° (1.19°), respectively, and was 2.08° (1.08°) and 1.96° (0.71°), respectively, in the control group. The calculated eta-squared value showed that joint repositioning errors had large effect sizes (0.15–0.32). Conclusion: Trunk proprioception in the flexion direction may be impaired in patients with PFP. This finding suggests that trunk proprioception training may be important in rehabilitation for athletes with PFP.

scholarly journals Diverticular fistulation is associated with nicorandil usage

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McDaid ◽  
Claire Reichl ◽  
Ihsan Hamzah ◽  
Samantha Fitter ◽  
Laura Harbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

INTRODUCTION We observed that a number of patients presenting to our clinic with diverticular fistulation were taking nicorandil for angna. Recognised side effects of nicorandil include gastrointestinal and genital ulceration. The aim of our study was to determine whether nicorandil is an aetiological agent in diverticular fistulation. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study of patients with diverticular disease related enteric fistulae. Two patient groups were identified: a study group of patients with diverticular fistulae, and a control group with uncomplicated diverticular disease. The proportion of patients who had ever used nicorandil was compared between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 153 case notes were analysed, 69 patients with fistulae and 84 control patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease. Female to male ratio in both groups was 2:1. The mean age was 71 years in the fistula group and 69 years in the control diverticular disease group (P = ns). Of those with colonic fistulae, 16% were taking nicorandil compared with 2% of the control group (odds ratio 7.8; 95% confidence interval 1.5–39.1; P = 0.008). There was no significant difference in rates of ischaemic heart disease between fistula and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Nicorandil is associated with fistula formation in diverticular disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Fracture Admitted to Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital in Zahedan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karajibani ◽  
Farzaneh Montazerifar ◽  
Faezeh Kazemi ◽  
Ali Reza Dashipour
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress ◽  
The Mean

Background: Caused by an imbalance in the body’s oxidant and antioxidant status, oxidative stress can give rise to tissue damage and exacerbation of many diseases. Objectives: This study investigated the oxidative stress markers in patients with fractures and healthy subjects. Methods: In a cross-sectional case-control study, 40 patients with fractures admitted to an orthopedic ward and 40 healthy, non-fractured patients were selected using convenience sampling. Serum was analyzed for oxidant and antioxidant activities based on standard methods. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference in mean TAC between the case (748.2 ± 302.83 μmol/L) and control (984.90 ± 207.02 μmol/L) groups (P = 0.003). The mean MDA was 16.61 ± 4.16 µmol/L in the case group and 18.45 ± 5.43 µmol/L in the control group (P = 0.09). The mean SOD was 63.41 ± 16.67 U/g Hb in the case group and 58.54 ± 21.83 U/g Hb in the control group (P = 0.2). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of BMI and other variables. Conclusions: A significant difference existed in TAC between the two groups, which indicated increased oxidative stress in patients. However, oxidative stress could occur before and after undergoing fractures. The results suggested a slight, but not significant, difference between the two groups in the SOD and MDA scores. More conclusive results are required to determine the enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers of oxidative stress in larger sample sizes and during different stages of treatment.

scholarly journals Validation of the cultural adaptation of the Kujala score in Arabic

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassem I. Haddad ◽  
Mohammad Hamdan ◽  
Ula Isleem ◽  
Munther Ghassan Al-Saber ◽  
Fadi A. Al-Hadidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kujala Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Patellofemoral pain is a common condition. The Kujala score is a well-established scoring system to assess anterior knee pain and has been translated into many languages including Arabic. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to culturally adapt the Arabic version of the Kujala score and determine its validity. Methods The Kujala score is composed of 13 multiple-choice questions. We modified two questions in the score; running and squatting, and were replaced with questions related to walking on different terrain and prostration, each with the same number of answer choices as the original questions so as not to affect the final score. These modifications were written in Arabic by the same group who translated and validated the original score into Arabic. The original and modified Kujala scores was printed and given to patients complaining of patellofemoral pain to be filled during their visit to the orthopedic outpatient clinics. Final scores for the original and modified questionnaires were calculated. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistics version 21.0 measuring Cronbach’s alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Pearson correlation. Results Ninety-four patients were included in the study, 28 (29.8%) men and 66 (70.2%) women. The mean age for the included patients was 43.67 (± 14.46) years. The mean score for the modified initial questionnaire was 63.91 (± 16.32), and the mean score for the modified re-test questionnaire was 66.52 (± 17.50). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores (p = 0.041), with a mean difference of 1.97 (95% CI 0.08 to 3.856). We found a significant strong correlation between the score before and after changing the questions with a p value of < 0.001. Conclusions The culturally modified Arabic Kujala questionnaire is shown to be a valid, well-designed tool and an appropriate method of measuring patellofemoral pain.

scholarly journals The effect of gamma radiation on plasma levels of zinc and selenium in nuclear medicine staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Mahdiyeh Mirnam Niha ◽  
Mehdi Salehi Barough
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and aims: Gamma radiation is widely being used in medical-imaging centers. The aim of this study was to measure possible alterations in serum zinc and selenium levels among nuclear medicine staff. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 30 nuclear medicine staff as well as on 10 individuals as the control group. Blood samples (20 mL) were obtained from the participants and the serum specimens were isolated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 7 minutes. The samples were then used for measurement of zinc and selenium levels. Zinc and selenium levels were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) with a graphite furnace. The mean serum levels of zinc and selenium were compared using SPSS. Results: The mean level of zinc in the radiated group (70.91±14.46 μmol/L) was significantly lower than that in the control group (89.75±17.35 μmol/L) (P=0.002). A negative significant correlation was found between the duration of exposure to radiation and zinc levels (P=0.005). Furthermore, a negative significant relationship was observed between the mean radiation dose after 5 years and zinc concentration (P=0.019). Non-significant difference was found in the mean level of selenium between control (1.71±0.35 μmol/L) and radiation (2.13±1.12 μmol/L) groups. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between selenium level and exposure time. Conclusion: Based on the results, declined level of zinc can be considered as one of the possible mechanisms caused by gamma radiation on cells which may be associated with oxidative damage. Therefore, zinc therapy can be helpful for those who work at medical radiation centers; however, it merits further studies.

scholarly journals Can the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cause choroiditis and optic neuropathy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110590
Author(s):  
Kürşad Ramazan Zor ◽  
Gamze Yıldırım Biçer ◽  
Nesrin Tutaş Günaydın ◽  
Erkut Küçük ◽  
Uğur Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Objectives: We aim to investigate the involvement of the choroid and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in COVID-19 patients using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2020. 40 patients (23 female and 17 male) with COVID-19 and 42 healthy individuals (26 female and 16 male) were included in the study. The OCT scans were performed 4 weeks after the COVID-19 diagnosis. Results: In the COVID-19 group, in the right eyes, the mean nasal choroidal thickness was 295.70 ± 7,046 μm ( p = 0.017), mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 333.25 ± 6,353 μm ( p = 0.003), mean temporal choroidal thickness was 296.63 ± 6,324 μm ( p = 0.039), and mean RNFL was 89.23 ± 1.30 μm ( p = 0.227). In the left eyes, mean nasal choroidal thickness was 287.88 ± 9,033 μm ( p = 0.267), mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 333.80 ± 9,457 μm ( p = 0.013), mean temporal choroidal thickness was 298.50 ± 9,158 μm ( p = 0.079), and mean RNFL was 89.48 ± 1,289 μm ( p = 0.092). Compared with the control group, the patient group had significant thickening of the choroidal thickness in all quadrants of the right eyes, and significant thickening of the subfoveal choroidal thickness in the left eyes. There was no significant difference in the RNFL thickness between groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 may cause a subclinical involvement in the choroidal layer.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Akarsu ◽  
Ozlem Ozbagcivan ◽  
Fatma Semiz ◽  
Sebnem Aktan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Although it is known that systemic form of lupus erythematosus (LE) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are frequently observed together, there are no published reports on MetS in patients with skin-restricted LE. We aimed to compare the frequencies of MetS and its components in discoid LE (DLE) with the non-DLE control group. Additionally, we intended to determine the differences of sociodemographic and clinical data of the DLE patients with MetS compared to the patients without MetS. This was a cross-sectional, case-control study, including 60 patients with DLE and 82 age- and gender-matched control subjects. In DLE group, the presence of MetS was observed as more frequent (48.3% versus 24.4%, p=0.003), and hypertriglyceridemia (43.3% versus 22.0%, p=0.006) and reduced HDL-cholesterol (61.7% versus 23.2%, p<0.001) among the MetS components were found significantly higher when compared to the control group. DLE patients with MetS were at older age (50.45±11.49 versus 43.06±12.09, p=0.02), and hypertension, hyperlipidemia/dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease histories were observed at a higher ratio when compared to the patients without MetS. Between the DLE patients with and without MetS, no significant difference was observed in terms of clinical characteristics of DLE. Moreover, further large case-control studies with follow-up periods would be required to clearly assess the impact of MetS on the clinical outcomes of DLE.

scholarly journals Tooth eruption sequence and dental crowding: a case-control study

F1000Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Moshkelgosha ◽  
Negar Khosravifard ◽  
Ali Golkari
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Dental Crowding ◽  
Control Study

When cases of dental crowding are identified and diagnosed promptly, interceptive orthodontics is particularly successful.Aim: To assess the differences in the eruption sequence of the mandibular canine and first premolar teeth in children with and without dental crowding.Materials and Methods: Children who attended the Shiraz Dental School's orthodontic clinic (Iran) from September to December 2012 were enrolled in this case-control study. Tooth size arch length discrepancy (TSALD) of all 8-10 year olds was calculated from patients’ dental models. Thirty-six children were randomly selected from those with TSALD of equal or less than 4mm (those with crowding). Each selected case was matched for sex and age with another child (as control) with TSALD>−4mm attending the same clinic, in the same time period. The existing panoramic radiographs were traced and the eruption percentages were measured for mandibular canine and first premolar teeth. The mean difference between canine and first premolar eruption percentages was compared between the case and control groups using the SPSS (version PASW 18) software and a paired sample t-test.Results: Canine and first premolar eruption percentages in the case group were 65.82±13.00 and 78.92±10.15 percent, respectively. The mean eruption percentages for canines and first premolars of the control group were 74.12±14.55 and 75.47±11.60 percent, respectively. There was a significant difference in pre-eruptive positions of canine and first premolar teeth in those with moderate to severe crowding when compared to the control group (p<0.001).Conclusion: These findings may improve the early diagnosis of children with high risk of developing moderate to severe crowding during mixed dentition.

scholarly journals Long-Term Substance Use Can Cause Irreversible Photopic Vision Changes in Substance Use Disorder in Remission

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Bekir Egilmez ◽  
Mehmet Hamdi Orum ◽  
Ali Kustepe ◽  
Ayse Sevgi Karadag ◽  
Aysun Kalenderoglu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Photopic Vision ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
The Mean

Objective Substance use has such effects on pupil diameter. Although there is knowledge about the acute effects of substances on pupils, studies showing their chronic effects are limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of long-term substance use on scotopic, mesopic, and photopic vision.Methods The present study with cross-sectional desgn was conducted at the Adiyaman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry in Adiyaman. This study involved 110 substance use disorder (SUD) patients and 46 healthy volunteers as the control. The parameters were measured and recorded automatically by a device.Results The mean age was 23.44±5.53 years in the SUD group and 24.26±5.38 years in healthy controls (p=0.420). The mean age of onset of the substance was 17.74±3.89 years and the mean duration of substance use was 3.54±2.9 years. It was determined that the patients had not used any substance for a mean of 121.73±117.49 days. There was no significant difference between patient and control groups in terms of scotopic and mesopic measurements of both eyes (p>0.05). Photopic measurements were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p<0.05). Photopic measurements were significantly higher in the opioid, cannabis, ecstasy, and multiple substance use groups than in the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion The most important topic of this study is that photopic vision is permanently impaired in patients with a history of chronic substance use. This was attributed to disrupted sympathetic-parasympathetic hierarchy.

scholarly journals Intrauterine Insemination Success Rates Between Patients TSH Level of 2.5 mIU/L and 2.5-4.5 mIU/L

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Gizem Berfin Uluutku ◽  
Basak Ergin ◽  
İbrahim Kale ◽  
Rahime Nida Bayık
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Ongoing Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertility Patients

The aim of this study to assess whether there is a need to decrease the TSH level below 2.5 mIU/L in unexplainable infertility patients who were undergoing intrauterine insemination and determining the difference between patients with a TSH level of 2.5 mIU / L and patients with a TSH level of 2.5-4.5 mIU/L in terms of the success of intrauterine insemination. This study conduct via cross-sectional examinations of the 272 patients who applied to Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital infertility outpatient clinic between 01.06.2017-01.10.2019, who underwent intrauterine insemination with the diagnosis of unexplained infertility. Results research the mean age of the cases participating in our study is 31.65 ± 5.28, and the mean BMI measured as 24.17 ± 4.30 kg / m2. TSH values range from 0.3 to 5.2, with an average of 1.84 ± 0.93; while TSH value of 174 cases (77.3%) is below 2.5 mIU/L, TSH value of 51 cases (22.7%) is between 2.5-4.5mIU/L. Within the control group with TSH <2.5 mIU/L, the cycle was canceled in 13 cases (7.5%), pregnancy did not occur in 143 cases (82.2%). While ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 17 cases (9.8%), clinical pregnancy was achieved in 1 case (0,6%). Also, within the study group with a TSH value of 2.5-4.5 mIU/L, cycles were canceled in 7 cases (13.7%), pregnancy did not occur in 40 cases (78.4%), and ongoing pregnancy was achieved in 4 patients (7.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of intrauterine insemination success between the control group with TSH <2.5 mIU / L and the study group with TSH 2.5-4.5 mIU/L. Widespread randomized controlled prospective studies need to determine the optimal TSH threshold value before TSH treatment of the women receiving infertility treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Between Celiac Disease and Refractory Epilepsy in Patients Referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hanieh Mollazadeh ◽  
◽  
Surena Nazarbaghi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pashaei ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Celiac disease can be associated with other diseases, including neurological disorders. In this study, the relationship between celiac disease and refractory epilepsy was evaluated in patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia. Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with refractory epilepsy referred to the neurology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Urmia, during the second half of 2019 and controlled epilepsy were studied as a control group. The statistical population of the present study included 50 patients with refractory seizures and 50 patients with controlled seizures. The mean age of patients was 32.96 ± 11.35 years. Five ml blood samples were taken from the patients, and a serum anti-tTG test was performed using the ELISA kit. Then, in patients with positive anti-tTG, a duodenal biopsy sample was prepared using an endoscopy. Results: This study showed that the mean serum level of anti-tTG in patients with refractory epilepsy was higher than in patients with controlled epilepsy. Anti-tTG test results were positive in five of fifty patients with refractory epilepsy, and it was positive in two of fifty patients with controlled epilepsy. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of serum levels anti-tTG (p=0.14). Also, there was no significant relationship between serum level anti-tTG, age and genus (p>0.05). Biopsy results in three patients in the refractory epilepsy group and one patient in the controlled epilepsy group was in favor of a definitive diagnosis of the celiac disease. Patients in whom the celiac disease was confirmed by endoscopy had higher anti-tTG levels (p=0.006). Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the celiac disease in the group with refractory epilepsy and controlled epilepsy.

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