Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
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147
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Published By Kowsar Medical Institute

2383-1960, 2383-1979

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Firouzkouhi ◽  
Abdolghani Abdollahimohammad


2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Badpa ◽  
Mohammad Ali Fardin

Background: Given the increasing trend of hookah use among youth in deprived areas and the increasing number of traditional teahouses serving hookahs, it is critical to investigate the reasons for this issue. Objectives: The aim was to determine the factors affecting the tendency to use hookahs. Methods: This study was conducted in Zahedan City, the capital of Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The sampling method in this study was cluster sampling, such that among 15 traditional teahouses, 4 teahouses were randomly chosen. After referring to each of these teahouses, 1385 questionnaire forms were distributed among all youth, and 300 questionnaire forms were returned. The structured questionnaire consisted of a series of questions about demographic data, favorite flavor, duration of using a hookah, the main reason for hookah smoking, etc. The analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean, SD, and linear regression. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The results of linear regression showed that the duration of smoking (B = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.22-0.37) and reason for smoking were significantly associated with the rate of hookah smoking (B = 0/56; 95% CI, 0.45 - 0.68). Conclusions: As a result, there is a strong association between smoking duration and the atmosphere of traditional teahouses with the rate of hookah smoking. Thus, other places with a healthy atmosphere (such as gyms and sports clubs) should be made for youths to spend their time.


2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Alinia-Ahandani ◽  
Ali Akbar Malekirad ◽  
Habibollah Nazem ◽  
Mohammad Fazilati ◽  
Hossein Salavati ◽  
...  

: Heavy metals cause significant issues when people are exposed to many specific types of them. They can cause many disorders and affect the biochemical pathways in the body. Herbs are known as one of the richest sources of modern patented drugs, particularly in Iranian references. Many metals, particularly heavy metals, are toxic. Various studies have shown a higher level of heavy metals than standards in some countries like Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, and Nigeria. A preliminary study was conducted to determine some toxic elements in powdered Ziziphora (Ziziphora persica) collected from the local market in Lahijan city, northern Iran. Twenty random samples were gathered from various markets, and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) was used to detect some featured toxic elements, including copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and mercury (Hg). The results showed higher Pb, Cd, and Hg levels than standards. Besides, Cu and Zn were detected to be lower than standards.


2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Jafari ◽  
Hamid Arazi ◽  
Amirabbas Monazzami ◽  
Alireza Ghadian ◽  
Kambiz Hasrak

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most prevalent cancer and the sixth cancer leading to death in men worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks of combined training on specific markers of prostate cancer in older adults. Methods: Twenty older adults (62 ± 7 years) with prostate cancer were divided randomly into the control (n = 10) and training (n = 10) groups. The training group performed exercise training in three sessions a week for eight weeks. Resistance training included two sets of 10 repetitions at 60 - 75% of one-repetition maximum, and endurance training contained treadmill running for 20 - 35 min at 60 - 75% of maximum heart rate. Bruce test, one-repetition maximum, and ELISA technique were used respectively to measure the aerobic performance, strength performance, and serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and testosterone (TS). A two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to specify the differences. Results: Weight, fat percentage, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), glucose, insulin, and PSA were significantly lower in the training group than the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, strength performance, aerobic performance, SHBG, TS, and PTEN were significantly higher in the training group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Combined training can have an influential role in physical condition improvement through decreasing the PSA serum level and increasing SHBG, TS, and PETEN serum levels, which helps patients with prostate cancer to be cured.


2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Ye ◽  
Yan Sai ◽  
Zhongmin Zou

: Sulfur mustard (SM), a classic chemical weapon in the vesicant category, can induce severe damage, for which the therapy is still limited even today. Laboratory work is essential in unveiling toxicological effects and developing medical countermeasures. Sulfur mustard analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), is employed in the lab for less toxicity. However, due to its similar characteristics to SM (being oily, hydrophobic, and volatile), the manipulation of CEES still needs special attention to avoid personnel injury and laboratory pollution. Here, to clear the chemical safety concerns in the laboratory study of CEES, the working procedure and experimental data are summarized, which might help educate new researchers to be skilled and professional.


2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosein Mohamadi haftador ◽  
Parisa Ramhormozi ◽  
Mitra Yousefpour ◽  
Ali Sobhanizadeh ◽  
Laya Ghahari

Background: Wound healing is a physiologic process that cells and tissues react when the skin is exposed to thermal injury. The inflammatory process has ‎essential effects on wound healing that includes coordination between immunological and biological responses. Chemical and herbal medicines are locally or systemically administrated to help wound healing. Herbal medicines have become more prevalent in recent years due to fewer side effects. Dwarf elder is used to treating inflammation and has been reported to possess antibacterial and antioxidant activities. This plant is also effective against burns, wounds, eczema, and infection. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the topical application of dwarf elder on full-thickness epidermal thermal wounds in Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats of about 300 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, vehicle group treated with an ointment base, and treatment group treated with elder ointment 10%. The animals were anesthetized and were created burn wounds with an area of 1 cm2 using the Meyer method. After 21 days, the wounds were photographed with a Canon camera. The wound area and healing degree were calculated. Slides were stained with H&E and examined by light microscopy and GraphPad Prism software. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. The significance level was considered at P < 0.05. Results: The wound area on the 21st day was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control and vehicle groups. The epithelium thickness (μm) was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control and vehicle groups. The blood vessels were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the other groups. Conclusions: The study showed that elder extract could be an effective remedy to repair and heal thermal injury and burn wounds.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AbduRahman Hosseinifar ◽  
Masoud Ghanei-Motlagh ◽  
Maryam Fayazi

Background: The reliable and easy-to-operate detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has attracted extensive attention in the fields of biomedicine, food security, and environmental analysis. Objectives: In this work, a novel electrochemical method was proposed for H2O2 monitoring using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with MnO2/sepiolite nanocomposite. Methods: MnO2/sepiolite material was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The modified CPE was employed for the amperometric monitoring of H2O2 in human serum samples. Results: Electrochemical data showed that the MnO2/sepiolite-CPE displays a high peak current towards H2O2 oxidation. A linear range from 5 to 700 μM and a low detection limit of 0.8 μM for H2O2 were obtained with the proposed sensor. Besides, the electrode depicted excellent reproducibility and anti-interferant ability, promising the applicability of this electrochemical method in practical analyses. Conclusions: This work introduced a new and effective enzyme-less H2O2 sensor based on the MnO2/sepiolite nanocomposite modified CPE. The suggested sensor showed good sensitivity for the rapid detection of H2O2 in a wide linear range with a low detection limit and satisfactory reproducibility, which made it practical for the analysis of hydrogen H2O2 in real samples.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khalajmehri ◽  
Parsa Yousefichaijan ◽  
Masoud Rezagholizamenjany ◽  
Bahman Salehi ◽  
Bahman Sadeghi-Sedeh ◽  
...  

Background: Nocturnal enuresis is a symptom defined as enuresis in children over 5 years of age that might have mutual connection to sleep disturbances. This condition might be a stressful factor for children and their families. Objectives: This study aimed to find the correlation between primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE), as a stressful factor and sleep disorders. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 132 children, including 66 children with nocturnal enuresis as the case group and 66 healthy children as the control group. The two groups were homogenous in age, gender, and other demographic characteristics. The organized sleep disorder questionnaire based on sleep disorder diagnostic criteria (using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) was used in this study. The correlation between PMNE and sleep disorders was investigated based on the Chi-square test on SPSS software (version 23). Results: The mean scores of the subjects with sleep disorders in the control and case groups were 0.38 ± 0.78 and 2.24 ± 1.73, respectively. Therefore, there were significant differences between the two groups in sleep disorders (P = 0.001). In addition, primary insomnia, hypersomnia, circadian sleep rhythm, and sleep terror disorders in the case group were higher than the control group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The PMNE has been defined as a risk factor for sleep disorders.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Riyahi ◽  
Simin Riahy ◽  
Mitra Yousefpour

Context: The skin is the most important organ of the body, and maintaining its integrity is important for health. Severe skin damage is life-threatening, and wound healing restores its integrity. One of the main health problems is impaired cutaneous wound healing. According to the importance of wound healing and the fact that unrepaired skin decreases the quality of life, many studies have investigated the effect of some natural and chemical substances on the length and quality of wound healing to find beneficial interventions for rapid and economical treatment. Objectives: This review was conducted to describe the physiology of cutaneous wound healing and some positive and negative factors affecting it with a focus on exercise. Methods: An electronic search without any time limitation was performed on the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. The keywords were ‘wound’, ‘healing’, and ‘exercise’. Finally, according to the similarities or differences between the results and the relationship with the subject, 53 papers were selected and reviewed. Results: Wound healing is a complex physiological process with four overlapping processes. It seems that disturbance in the inflammatory phase of wound healing is the main factor in the impairment of healing. Traditionally, many chemical and herbal medicines and compounds have been used to speed up wound recovery due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Many studies have evaluated the effect of exercise, as complementary medicine, on wound healing, and they have examined the effect of different protocols of exercise on the speed of wound healing. According to the results of these studies, aerobic exercise, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects, is a beneficial method in shortening the length of healing, especially in aged, obese, and diabetic individuals. Conclusions: Exercise as a low-cost intervention is a good strategy in the treatment of impaired and chronic wounds.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Vasheghani Farahani ◽  
Ramin Mashhadi Ismaeeli ◽  
Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah ◽  
Mahdi Isazadeh

Background: The mandibular bone is affected by age, metabolic activity, and hormonal changes. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the sex determination using the mandibular angle in the adult population of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 149 patients (73 men and 76 women) referred to the 600 Army Dental Center in 2016. Graphics were obtained from cephalogram and panorex using a Soredex digital device and Pack software to measure mandibular angles. Results: The mean mandibular angle was 122.19 ± 3.89 in men and 124.72 ± 3.24 in women, with a significant difference based on the independent t test (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that the mandibular angle is higher in women than in men.


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