scholarly journals Effects of Choice on Student Motivation and Physical Activity Behavior in Physical Education

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Ward ◽  
Carol Wilkinson ◽  
Susan Vincent Graser ◽  
Keven A. Prusak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Activity Behavior

This study examined the effects of increased autonomy on (a) self-determination and (b) physical activity levels. Seventh- and eighth-grade girls (N = 122) in four classes participated in two fitness units (one allowing choice of activities, the other no-choice). The order of the units was counterbalanced, so that two classes participated in the choice unit first, and the other two participated in the no-choice unit first. The abridged Situational Intrinsic Motivation Scale (SIMS) was administered after each unit. Pedometers were used to measure step counts during both units. Overall, self-determination was higher in the choice unit. The repeated measures analysis also indicated that girls who experienced the choice unit first, and then were denied the opportunity to make choices had the lowest levels of self-determination. The results provide empirical support for the theoretical prediction that increased autonomy yields higher levels of self-determination.

Physical Activity Behavior and Competing Activities: Interrelations in 55- to 70-Year-Old Germans

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Cihlar ◽  
Sonia Lippke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Behavior

In this study, we draw attention to time-competing activities and psychological variables as impeding or enabling factors of physical activity behavior in 55- to 70-year-old Germans. Cross-sectional data was used (n = 4,891). Results indicate that paid work has a negative relationship with sufficient physical activity. Persons who provide nursing care seem to be motivated to achieve sufficient physical activity behavior, but do not meet established recommendations. Active citizenship positively relates to higher physical activity levels. The investment of energy in life domains and a distinct internal locus of control characterize motivated underachievers. Those sufficiently physically active show higher values in conscientiousness. This suggests that time-consuming and strongly externally determined activities like nursing care and paid work hinder a sufficient level of physical activity, even if the motivation is existent. Active citizenship and physical activity seem to be linked processes.

Effects of Long-Term Resistance Training and Detraining on Strength and Physical Activity in Older Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Porter ◽  
Miriam E. Nelson ◽  
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh ◽  
Jennifer E. Layne ◽  
Christine M. Morganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Increased Strength

Resistance training (RT) increases strength in older adults, but there have been few studies of long-term RT or detraining in older adults. Postmenopausal participants (51–71 years of age) were randomized to RT or a control group for Year 1. For Year 2, participants chose whether to resistance train or not. Three groups emerged: train/train (n = 8: 60 ± 4 years), train/no train (n = 11: 62 ± 3 years), or controls (n = 17; 58 ± 6 years). Both training groups increased strength (p < .05) in Year 1. In Year 2, train/train maintained strength, whereas train/no train lost strength for knee extension (p < .001) but not for arm pulldown. Controls did not change. Reported physical activity levels were significantly increased in trainers in Year 1 and remained high regardless of RT in Year 2 (p < .05). Therefore, sustained changes in strength and physical activity behavior might be possible even if RT is discontinued.

Parental Influences on Physical Activity in Children: An Exploration of Potential Mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Welk ◽  
Kherrin Wood ◽  
Gina Morss
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Parental Influences ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

This study examined the utility of a model to explain parental influence on children’s physical activity. Children (n = 994) from 3 elementary schools completed a survey with scales assessing physical activity, attraction to activity, perceived competence, and perceived parental influence. Self-report data on the physical activity levels of parents (n = 536) were also obtained to test the hypothesis that active parents may provide more encouragement and support for their children. The parental influence scales accounted for 20%, 26%, and 28% of the variance in physical activity, attraction to physical activity, and perceptions of competence, respectively. Correlations between parent and child levels of activity were low, but children of active parents had higher scores on the parental influence measures and psychosocial correlates than inactive parents. This study provides further confirmation of the important influence that parents exert on their child’s physical activity behavior.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Changes in Physical Self-Perceptions and Associations With Physical Activity During Adolescence

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Inchley ◽  
Jo Kirby ◽  
Candace Currie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Baseline Physical Activity

The purpose of this study was to examine adolescents’ physical self-perceptions and their associations with physical activity using a longitudinal perspective. Utilizing data from the Physical Activity in Scottish Schoolchildren (PASS) study, changes in exercise self-efficacy, perceived competence, global self-esteem and physical self-worth were assessed among a sample of 641 Scottish adolescents from age 11–15 years. Girls reported lower levels of perceived competence, self-esteem and physical self-worth than boys at each age. Furthermore, girls’ physical self-perceptions decreased markedly over time. Among boys, only perceived competence decreased, while global self-esteem increased. Baseline physical activity was a significant predictor of later activity levels for both genders. Findings demonstrate the importance of physical self-perceptions in relation to physical activity behavior among adolescents. Among older boys, high perceived competence increased the odds of being active by 3.8 times. Among older girls, high exercise self-efficacy increased the odds of being active by 5.2 times. There is a need for early interventions which promote increased physical literacy and confidence, particularly among girls.

Correlates of Physical Activity Among Hispanic Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Bungum ◽  
Melva Thompson-Robinson ◽  
Sheniz Moonie ◽  
Monica A.F. Lounsbery
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Educational Attainments ◽  
Hispanic Adults ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Physical Activity Group

Background:Health behaviors of minority populations, including Hispanics, are important from a public health perspective because this subpopulation is growing and health behaviors of this subgroup are understudied. Physical activity is a component of healthy lifestyles and Hispanics have been shown to be less active than are Caucasians. It will be necessary to know correlates of physical activity to enhance the physical activity of this group. Recently, the importance of environmental and cultural factors has been recognized as correlates of physical activity behavior. The purpose of this study was to identify environmental and cultural correlates of physical activity among Hispanic adults.Methods:A 52-item telephone survey was employed to assess physical activity and its potential correlates.Results:The sample included 175 females and 156 males. Respondent ages ranged from 18 to 82 years (x = 38.39 ± 15.0). Approximately 20% of respondents were assigned to a “higher physical activity” group. Predictors of being in this group were having supportive environments, being acculturated, attending some college, and age.Conclusions:Providing environmental supports may be an effective strategy to enhance physical activity levels of adult Hispanics. Older Hispanics, those with lower educational attainments and those of lower acculturation should be targeted for intervention.

Differences of Daily Physical Activity Levels of Children According to Body Mass Index

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Paula Santos ◽  
Sandra Guerra ◽  
José C. Ribeiro ◽  
José A. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Low Levels

The purpose of this study was to compare the daily activity levels of children varying in body mass over 3 consecutive weekdays. The sample was comprised of 157 children (boys, n = 64; girls, n = 93), aged 8–15 years. BMI was used as obesity indicator. Children were categorized as non-obese and over- weight/obese group, according to the age-adapted values. The CSA activity monitor was used as an objective measure of daily physical activity. No significant differences were reported in the daily physical activity among boys and girls according to BMI group. Boys were significantly more engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (p = .05) than girls. Significant differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (p = .05) were found between non-obese (69.3 min • day−1) and obese girls (50.7 min • day−1), while no significant differences were reported in boys. Differences between overall activities and involvement in MVPA emerged between overweight/obese and non-obese girls; therefore, obesity in girls may be linked to low levels of physical activity behavior.

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