Double Jeopardy: Metabolic Syndrome Leads to Increased Sedentary Behavior in Peri-Pubertal Minority Females

While most studies have focused on investigating the preventive effects of physical activity on metabolic risk, the longitudinal impacts of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on activity levels is poorly understood. This study aims to examine the influence of MetS on initial activity levels and the trajectory of activity levels in Latina and African American female children over 12 months (n = 55, 9 ± 1 years). Metabolic measures, including fat and lean tissue mass by BodPod, fasting glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and waist circumference, were collected at baseline. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior by accelerometry were collected on a quarterly basis. There were no significant differences in either initial activity levels by MetS status (Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity: 33 ± 12 mins/day for MetS, 48 ± 28 mins/day for Non-MetS, p = .12; sedentary behavior: 408 ± 57 mins/day for MetS, 421 ± 72 mins/day for Non-MetS, p = .67). Longitudinal declines in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p = .038) and increases in sedentary behavior (p = .003) were found. Daily sedentary behavior increased by 82.64 more minutes in youth with MetS than in those without over one year (p = .015). This study yields the first evidence of the adverse effect of MetS on sedentary behavior. Targeted intervention strategies to reduce progressive sedentariness evident in minority youth with MetS are warranted.

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Impact of parents’ physical activity on preschool children’s physical activity: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4405 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4405 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chang Xu ◽

Minghui Quan ◽

Hanbin Zhang ◽

Chenglin Zhou ◽

PeiJie Chen

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Maternal Influence ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Paternal Influence ◽

Children’S Physical Activity

Purpose This study examined the associations of physical activity levels between parents and their pre-school children based on gender and weekday/weekend. Method A total of 247 parent-preschool child triads from Shanghai, China were analyzed. The children had a mean age of 57.5 ± 5.2 months. Both sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured in all participants using an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer over seven consecutive days from Monday through the following Sunday. A multivariate regression model was derived to identify significant relationships between parental and child physical activity according to gender and weekday/weekend. Results There was a significant correlation between mothers’ and girls’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity (TPA) on weekdays. Fathers’ MPVA levels correlated significantly with those of boys and girls, with paternal influence appearing to be stronger than maternal influence. However, there was not a significant correlation between fathers’ and children’s TPA. TPA levels of both mothers and fathers correlated with those of girls, but not with those of boys. Parental sedentary levels on the weekend correlated significantly with girls’ levels, but not with boys’ levels. Children’s physical activity levels on weekends were influenced more by fathers’ activity levels than by mothers’, while the opposite was observed on weekdays. Conclusion Sedentary behavior and physical activity levels of parents can strongly influence those of their preschool children, with maternal influence stronger during the weekdays and paternal influence stronger on the weekends. Parents’ activity levels influence girls’ levels more strongly than they influence boys’ levels.

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Association Between Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity and Gross Motor Coordination in Preschool Children

Journal of Motor Learning and Development ◽

10.1123/jmld.2017-0056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 273-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sandra Silva-Santos ◽

Amanda Santos ◽

Michael Duncan ◽

Susana Vale ◽

Jorge Mota

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Age Related ◽

Movement Assessment

Introduction: Adequate gross motor coordination is essential for children participating in age-related physical activities and has an important role in maintaining sufficient physical activity levels during the life course. Aim: To examine the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and gross motor coordination during sedentary behavior in early childhood (ages 3–6 y). Methods: The sample comprised 209 children aged 3–6 y. Gross motor coordination was assessed according to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). The battery to assess gross motor coordination comprised the aiming and catching, and balance components. MVPA was measured by accelerometry worn for 7 consecutive days (Monday to Sunday). Results: Our data indicated that 31.5% of the sample had low, 32.5% medium, and 36.0% high gross motor coordination. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that MVPA was positively associated with gross motor coordination, adjusted for gender and sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Preschoolers with high gross motor coordination spend more time in MVPA. Gross motor coordination development should therefore be a key strategy in childhood interventions aiming to promote physical activity.

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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Taiwanese Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224392 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4392 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wen-Yi Wang ◽

Yu-Ling Hsieh ◽

Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Yung Liao

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

After School ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

Activity Levels ◽

School Time ◽

Sedentary Bouts

Levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents seem to vary within different settings, but few Asian studies have compared physical activity and sedentary activity patterns in adolescents across weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. This study aimed to provide objectively measured data describing intensity-specific physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese adolescents. The results were sorted by gender and divided between weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. A total of 470 Taiwanese students (49.6% boys, ages 12–15 y) were recruited and fitted with GT3X+ accelerometers for seven days. Intensity-specific physical activity, total sedentary time, and sedentary bouts (number and duration ≥30 min) were measured. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the significant differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns between the genders on weekdays/weekends and during school/after-school time. The results show that the adolescents’ overall activity levels were below recommended thresholds, with girls engaging in significantly less moderate to vigorous physical activity, having longer sedentary time, longer time spent in sedentary bouts, and more frequent sedentary bouts than boys. Similar results were observed in physical activities of each intensity as well as sedentary behavior variables, both on weekdays/weekends and during-school/after-school periods. These findings emphasize the importance of developing and implementing approaches to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity, as well as decrease prolonged sedentary time and long sedentary bouts, especially for Taiwanese girls.

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Objectively Quantified Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Predicting Visceral Adiposity and Liver Fat

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2016/2719014 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shelley E. Keating ◽

Helen M. Parker ◽

Toby G. Pavey ◽

Michael K. Baker ◽

Ian D. Caterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Habitual Physical Activity ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Physical Activity Levels

Objective. Epidemiologic studies suggest an inverse relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and self-reported physical activity levels. However, subjective measurements can be inaccurate and prone to reporter bias. We investigated whether objectively quantified physical activity levels predicted liver fat and VAT in overweight/obese adults.Methods. Habitual physical activity was measured by triaxial accelerometry for four days (n=82). Time spent in sedentary behavior (MET < 1.6) and light (MET 1.6 < 3), moderate (MET 3 < 6), and vigorous (MET 6 < 9) physical activity was quantified. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy were used to quantify visceral and liver fat. Bivariate correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were performed.Results. There were no associations between physical activity or sedentary behavior and liver lipid. Sedentary behavior and moderate and vigorous physical activity accounted for just 3% of variance for VAT (p=0.14) and 0.003% for liver fat (p=0.96). Higher levels of VAT were associated with time spent in moderate activity (r=0.294,p=0.007), but there was no association with sedentary behavior. Known risk factors for obesity-related NAFLD accounted for 62% and 40% of variance in VAT and liver fat, respectively (p<0.01).Conclusion. Objectively measured levels of habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior did not influence VAT or liver fat.

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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study of Brazilian Older Adults

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2017-0456 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 811-818 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carla Elane Silva dos Santos ◽

Sofia Wolker Manta ◽

Guilherme Pereira Maximiano ◽

Susana Cararo Confortin ◽

Tânia Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aging Study ◽

Low Levels ◽

Adjusted Model

Background: To examine the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior (SB), measured with accelerometers, in older adults from a city in southern Brazil according to sociodemographic and health characteristics.Methods: The sample consisted of 425 older adults (≥63 y) from the EpiFloripa Aging Study. Light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and SB were measured with accelerometers over a period of 7 days.Results: The older adults spent two-thirds of the time of use in SB, one-third in LPA, and only 2.1% (95% confidence interval, 1.8–2.2) in MVPA. In the final adjusted model, lower levels of MVPA were observed for women, as well as higher SB and lower LPA and MVPA for those with higher age. There were also trends toward prolonged SB and lower LPA when participants had a higher educational level and toward lower MVPA with higher body mass index.Conclusions: Constant monitoring of physical activity levels and SB using objective measures is recommended and interventions should be directed at the groups most exposed to excessive SB and low levels of MVPA.

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Association Between Television Viewing and Physical Activity in 10-Year-Old Brazilian Children

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2014-0406 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1401-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Gerson Luis de Moraes Ferrari ◽

Timoteo Leandro Araujo ◽

Luis Oliveira ◽

Victor Matsudo ◽

Emily Mire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Television Viewing ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Brazilian Children

Background:Studies have found an association between television (TV) viewing and physical activity levels. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between TV viewing and physical activity in 10-year-old Brazilian children.Methods:The sample consisted of 485 children. Self-reported TV viewing on weekdays and weekends was assessed by questionnaire. An Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to monitor the range of physical activity intensities (including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB) and steps/day over 7 days.Results:Daily MVPA was highest among children viewing TV <1 hour/day (69 min) compared with children viewing 1 to 2 hours/day (61 min), 3 to 4 hours/day (55 min) and ≥ 5 hours/day (59 min) on weekdays (P = .0015). Differences in MVPA were not observed across TV categories on weekends. The prevalence of reaching 60 min/day of MVPA and 12,000 steps/day on weekdays was significantly greater in children viewing ≤ 2 hours/day (51.7% and 23.5%, respectively) compared with those viewing > 2 hours/day (38.6%, P = .0058; and 15.1%, P = .0291, respectively). There was no difference in SB across TV viewing categories.Conclusion:Time spent in MVPA and the frequency of meeting MVPA guidelines were significantly higher among children viewing ≤ 2 hours/day of TV on weekdays compared with those viewing more.

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Targeting body composition in an older population: do changes in movement behaviours matter? Longitudinal analyses in the PREDIMED-Plus trial

BMC Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12916-020-01847-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aina M. Galmes-Panades ◽

◽

Jadwiga Konieczna ◽

Veronica Varela-Mato ◽

Itziar Abete ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Fat ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Longitudinal Assessment ◽

Tv Viewing

Abstract Background The optimal distribution between physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviour (SB) for the greatest benefits for body composition among older adults with overweight/obesity and chronic health conditions remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prospective association between changes in PA and in SB with concurrent changes in body composition and to examine whether reallocating inactive time into different physical activity levels was associated with 12-month change to body composition in older adults. Methods Longitudinal assessment nested in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. A subsample (n = 1564) of men and women (age 55–75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from both arms of the PREDIMED-Plus trial was included in the present analysis. Participants were followed up at 6 and 12 months. Physical activity and SB were assessed using validated questionnaires. Out of 1564 participants, 388 wore an accelerometer to objectively measure inactive time and PA over a 7-day period. At each time point, participants’ body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Standard covariate-adjusted and isotemporal substitution modelling were applied to linear mixed-effects models. Results Increasing 30 min of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was associated with significant reductions in body fat (β − 0.07% and − 0.08%) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (− 13.9 g, and − 15.6 g) at 12 months (all p values < 0.001). Reallocating 30 min of inactive time to MVPA was associated with reductions in body fat and VAT and with an increase in muscle mass and muscle-to-fat mass ratio (all p values < 0.001). Conclusions At 12 months, increasing total PA and MVPA and reducing total SB and TV-viewing SB were associated with improved body composition in participants with overweight or obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This was also observed when substituting 30 min of inactive time with total PA, LPA and MVPA, with the greatest benefits observed with MVPA. Trial registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN), 89898870. Retrospectively registered on 24 July 2014

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High Amounts of Sitting, Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Low Physical Activity Levels: 3 Key Ingredients in the Recipe for Influencing Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117116684889 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 587-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Meghan K. Edwards ◽

Paul D. Loprinzi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Adult Population ◽

Heart Association ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Institute ◽

National Heart Lung

Purpose: Limited research has evaluated the independent and additive associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with metabolic syndrome, which was the purpose of this study. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003 to 2004. Sample: Three hundred seven adults aged 20 to 49 years. Measures: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and SB were assessed via accelerometer, whereas CRF was assessed via submaximal treadmill testing. Metabolic syndrome was assessed via the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines. Analysis: Multivariable logistic regression. Results: A 10 min/d increase in MVPA was associated with a 45% reduced odds of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.40-0.76, P = .001), and a 10 mL/kg/min increase in CRF was associated with a 43% reduced odds of having metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.37-0.87, P = .013). Additionally, a statistically significant combined association of MVPA, SB, and CRF with metabolic syndrome was present; individuals who had below-median SB and above-median MVPA and CRF had an 88% reduced odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.03-0.48, P = .005) when compared to those who had below-median MVPA and CRF and above-median SB. Conclusion: When considering MVPA, SB, and CRF, MVPA and CRF were both independently associated with metabolic syndrome (SB was not) among this young adult population and there was also evidence to support a combined association of all 3 parameters on metabolic syndrome.

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Associations of Mutually Exclusive Categories of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time With Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults: An Isotemporal Substitution Approach

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2021-0116 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Miguel A. De la Cámara ◽

Ana I. Pardos-Sevilla ◽

Augusto Jiménez-Fuente ◽

Thamara Hubler-Figueiró ◽

Eleonora d’Orsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Future Health ◽

Physically Active ◽

Second Wave

The aim of this study was to examine, theoretically, how reallocating time between the intensity of mutually exclusive categories of physical activity and sedentary behavior time is associated with metabolic syndrome. Four hundred and six older adults (61.6% women) from the second wave of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study were included in the study (mean age 71.7 ± 5.9 years). Isotemporal substitution analysis showed a decrease of 35% (odds ratio: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [0.45, 0.96]) in the risk for metabolic syndrome when replacing 30 min/day of sedentary behavior with an equivalent amount of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Furthermore, it has been observed that older adults classified as low sedentary behavior and physically active were 57% less likely to have metabolic syndrome than participants classified as high sedentary and physically inactive (odds ratio: 0.43; 95% confidence interval [0.19, 0.97]). This study highlights the importance of behavioral categories that may emerge concerning the interrelationships of physical activity and health in older adults, having important implications for future health intervention programs.

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0269 Restricting Sleep Increases Teens’ Sedentary Behavior Without Impacting Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.267 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A102-A103

Author(s):

K Krietsch ◽

K Duraccio ◽

N Zang ◽

D Beebe

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Restriction ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Sleep Condition

Abstract Introduction Short sleep duration has been linked to obesity risk in adolescence. However, most research has focused on potential changes in appetite/intake, rather than physical activity or sedentary behaviors. It remains unknown if, in the daily lives of adolescents, sleep restriction increases moderate- to-vigorous physical activity (e.g., by providing more time for it) or discourages such activity (in favor of sedentary behaviors). This was the first study to use gold-standard objective measures to assess cause-and-effect relationships between sleep duration and the resulting activity levels of adolescents in the naturalistic environment. Methods N=104 healthy teens (ages 14–18) completed the 3-week within-subjects crossover sleep manipulation experiment during the summer. Following a 7-night a sleep stabilization week, teens were randomly assigned to 5 nights in Short Sleep (6.5hrs sleep opportunity) or Healthy Sleep (9.5hrs sleep opportunity). Following a 2-night “washout” period, they crossed over to the alternate sleep condition. Throughout the study, they wore validated waist-worn accelerometers to objectively measure sedentary and physical activity levels, and wrist-worn actigraphs to confirm adherence to their sleep condition. Results When in Short Sleep (vs. Healthy Sleep), teens on average slept 112 minutes less (p<.0001, d=1.72) per wrist actigraphy. Waist-worn accelerometers reflected 99 more minutes in sedentary behavior (p<.0001, d=.97), and 16 more minutes in light physical activity (p=.002, d=.31) during short sleep. Teens did not differ in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity between conditions (p=.95, d=.03). Conclusion Among healthy adolescents, a realistic dose of sleep restriction did not affect moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels, but did sharply increase time in sedentary behavior. Given the negative weight and health consequences of sedentary behavior, these results have practical implications for obesity prevention/intervention efforts. They suggest that extending teen sleep may neither encourage nor discourage healthy physical activity, but may help curb unhealthy behaviors (e.g., sedentary behavior). Support R01 HL120879

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