Gender, Social Class, and the Sporting Capital–Economic Capital Nexus

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Stempel
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
College Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Adult Participation ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
Gendered Theory ◽  
And Gender

In “Do High School Athletes Earn More Pay?” Curtis, McTeer, and White reopened an important line of inquiry about the conversion of sporting capital to economic capital. They found associations between adolescent participation sports and adult income for Canadian men and women with some college education. The present study revises and extends Curtis and colleagues’ understanding of sport as cultural capital and its relation to economic capital, tests the nature of the high school varsity sport–adult income relationship for the United States, and examines gender and class differences in the degree to which adult sporting practices mediate the varsity sport–adult income relationship. The results show that American class and gender patterns of income and participation are similar to those found by Curtis and colleagues and that adult participation in sports more strongly mediates this relationship for men than for women. I conclude by proposing a gendered theory of sports as cultural capital to explain those differences.

Adolescent perceptions of reciprocity, authority, and closeness in relationships with mothers, fathers, and friends

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Laursen ◽  
Peter Noack ◽  
David Wilder ◽  
Vickie Williams
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Relationship Closeness ◽  
Adolescent Perceptions ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Parent Child

Adolescents in Germany and the United States completed questionnaires describing reciprocity, authority, and closeness in relationships with mothers, fathers, and friends. Reciprocity was linked to authority within and across friendships and parent-child relationships; reciprocity and authority were linked to closeness within and across parent-child relationships, but neither within friendships nor across friendships and parent-child relationships. Median splits divided adolescents into high and low closeness groups for each relationship to determine differences in reciprocity and authority. Patterns of reciprocity varied as a function of relationship closeness and nationality, as well as by age and gender. Patterns of authority differed by nationality only.

Does College Education Pay? Evidence From The NLSY-79 Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diamando Afxentiou ◽  
Paul Kutasovic
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
College Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
And Gender ◽  
College Educated ◽  
Over Time

This study examines if the college wage premium favoring college graduates still exists. The NLSY-79 data is employed. The sample includes individuals who received their high school degree and college degree in 1980 and 1981. These individuals were followed until the year 2004. A cross sectional regression model was estimated for the years 1982, 1994, and 2004 and found that education, occupation, and gender were the primary determinants of wages. The income gap between college educated workers and high school educated workers has widen over time. Most interestingly, it is the stagnation of high school educated workers that accounts for the gap.

scholarly journals Understanding Loan Aversion in Education

AERA Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 233285841668364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Boatman ◽  
Brent J. Evans ◽  
Adela Soliz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
High School ◽  
Community College ◽  
College Women ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
College Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Different Populations

Although prior research has suggested that some students may be averse to taking out loans to finance their college education, there is little empirical evidence showing the extent to which loan aversion exists or how it affects different populations of students. This study provides the first large-scale quantitative evidence of levels of loan aversion in the United States. Using survey data collected on more than 6,000 individuals, we examine the frequency of loan aversion in three distinct populations. Depending on the measure, between 20 and 40% of high school seniors exhibit loan aversion with lower rates among community college students and adults not in college. Women are less likely to express loan-averse attitudes than men, and Hispanic respondents are more likely to be loan averse than White respondents.

scholarly journals Socio-economic and gender aspects of cultural capital and knowledge appliance among high school population: A case study

Sociologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-405
Author(s):  
Snezana Strangaric
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
And Gender

The results of an empirical research on cultural capital and its relations to cultural knowledge among high school student population are presented in this paper. These relations are specifically observed from socio-economic and gender aspects. On the sample of 212 students it was found that embodied cultural capital is the predictor of cultural knowledge, which means that students with more cultural capital get better results on cultural knowledge test. Findings also indicated that students with lower socio-economic status have less cultural capital and get lower results on cultural knowledge test. Gender distinctions are confirmed in the sense that female students have more cultural capital, considering their reading habits and higher involvement in public cultural practices. However, paradoxically, female students get slightly weaker results on cultural knowledge test.

Developmental Differences in Burnout Among High School Athletes in the United States: A Gendered Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tsz Lun (Alan) Chu ◽  
Bailey Sommerfeld ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Athlete Burnout ◽  
And Gender

Building on recent research examining athlete burnout trajectories, this study implemented the developmental model of sport participation to compare emotional and physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation between age groups (specializing [aged 13–15 years] vs. investment [aged 16–18 years]) and gender (boys vs. girls) among U.S. high school athletes. Participants were 367 high school athletes (M = 15.53; 212 males; 186 specializing) across various individual and team sports who completed a survey assessing their demographic information, sport backgrounds, and burnout perceptions. A 2 × 2 multivariate analysis of covariance, controlling for training hours, showed greater emotional and physical exhaustion and sport devaluation in the investment than the specializing group, but no developmental differences in reduced sense of accomplishment. Contrary to our hypothesis, no gender or interaction effects were found. Findings inform interventions and future research that address the role of developmental stages and gender in athlete burnout.

Estimating the Returns to Professional Certifications and Licenses in the U.S. Manufacturing Sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Renski
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
College Education ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Professional Certification ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Earnings Gap ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The U.S

This study uses recently released Current Population Survey microdata to estimate the earnings premium associated with professional certification and licenses. The author finds that full-time manufacturing workers with a certification or license earn close to $200 more in median weekly earnings compared to those without. However, this does not account for differences in pay that are associated with worker endowments, such as education and gender. A Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition is used to distinguish the portion of the earnings gap that is attributable to the credential from the portion associated with endowments. Endowments explain 62% of the total earnings gap, meaning that the actual returns to a certification or license are closer to $70 per week. The author also finds that workers with no high school or college education receive a relatively larger increase in weekly earnings, compared to those with more advanced degrees.

Internal Threat II

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
College Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
College Degree ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Marginal Students

Demographic trends and changes in the perceived value of a degree both can have significant effects on the demand for higher education. Demographic changes in the United States are unlikely to reduce the demand for places in college overall, but falling high school enrollment in the Northeast and Midwest will pressure financially weaker schools in those regions. On average, the payoff to a college degree has grown substantially. The chapter shows that the return to marginal students may also be quite high. Lastly, the evidence from labor markets indicates that a college education is not simply correlated with higher income. It helps cause higher income.

World Music Without Profit

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-195
Author(s):  
MICHAEL GALLOPE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Granular Flows ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Music ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Sierra Leonean ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Western Values ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article explores political and aesthetic dimensions of the ‘bubu music’ made by Sierra Leonean émigré Janka Nabay while living in the United States from 2010 to 2017. It narrates Nabay's story while tracing granular flows of creative labour, collaboration, and negotiations of cultural and economic capital at some level of ethnographic detail. The central sections of the article excavate the complex and often non-linear labour that went into the production of his band's music, and gives readers a sense of the way Nabay himself intellectually framed this process. It ultimately argues that Nabay was a resilient but often-dehumanized subject who exemplified the cultural and economic cross-currents of ‘World Music 2.0’ in ways that set privileged Western values of artistic autonomy into vivid relief. As an economically precarious subject split between indigenous nationalism and Western forms of cultural capital, Nabay lived a life of profound contradictions, by turns dissenting and exuberant.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ETHNICITY: THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND FAMILY SOCIAL CAPITAL

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA CRISTINA O. SIQUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Census Data ◽  
College Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Social Capital ◽  
The Family

This study of Brazilian immigrants in the United States examines the extent to which the human capital and the family social capital theories explain the probability of owning a business. This study incorporates into the analytical models a variable that controls for the presence of a market niche and tests for the net effects of human and family social capital. Analyses of U.S. 2000 Census data find that high school graduates are more likely to own their own business and that a college education exerts a significantly larger effect than that of a high school education on the probability of owning a business. Additionally, the presence of a co-habiting spouse, treated as an indicator of family social capital, enhances the probability that immigrants will own their own establishment. The results support the human capital and the family social capital theories. The study discusses implications for theory and future research.

scholarly journals Educational Benefits and Cognitive Health Life Expectancies: Racial/Ethnic, Nativity, and Gender Disparities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A Garcia ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chi-Tsun Chiu ◽  
Joseph L Saenz ◽  
Kasim Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Black Men ◽  
White Women ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Total Life Expectancy ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Background and Objectives To examine racial/ethnic, nativity, and gender differences in the benefits of educational attainment on cognitive health life expectancies among older adults in the United States. Research Design and Methods We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998–2014) to estimate Sullivan-based life tables of cognitively healthy, cognitively impaired/no dementia, and dementia life expectancies by gender for older White, Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and foreign-born Hispanic adults with less than high school, high school, and some college or more. Results White respondents lived a greater percentage of their remaining lives cognitively healthy than their minority Black or Hispanic counterparts, regardless of level of education. Among respondents with some college or more, versus less than high school, Black and U.S.-born Hispanic women exhibited the greatest increase (both 37 percentage points higher) in the proportion of total life expectancy spent cognitively healthy; whereas White women had the smallest increase (17 percentage points higher). For men, the difference between respondents with some college or more, versus less than high school, was greatest for Black men (35 percentage points higher) and was lowest for U.S.-born Hispanic men (21 percentage points higher). Discussion and Implications Our results provide evidence that the benefits of education on cognitive health life expectancies are largest for Black men and women and U.S.-born Hispanic women. The combination of extended longevity and rising prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease points to the need for understanding why certain individuals spend an extended period of their lives with poor cognitive health.

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